Ngaba nawe ubona into enye njengezinto ezimbini? Masithethe nge-diplopia, okanye ukubona kabini!

Ngaba wakha wajonga into enye waza wayibona ngathi mibini? Njengakwifilimu eyoyikisayo kwiTV? La mava anokuphazamisa kakhulu, akunjalo? Ukubona yinto exabisekileyo kakhulu kuthi. Ngoko ke kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kancinci xa ubona into eyahlukileyo kuyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Diplopia" okanye ukubona kabini kwisayensi yezonyango.

Ngoko ke yintoni i-diplopia?

Ngamafutshane, i-diplopia ithetha ukubona imifanekiso emibini yento enye. Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana kwaye kuhlala ixesha elifutshane. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwemeko yempilo embi kakhulu . Xa ubona imifanekiso emibini, unokuba nombono ophantsi wobunzulu. Oku kunokwenza izinto ezifana nokuqhuba okanye ukuhamba endleleni zibe nzima kakhulu kwaye zibe yingozi. Ngoko ke ukuba ngequbuliso uqala ukubona imifanekiso emibini, kungcono ukubona ugqirha okanye ugqirha wamehlo ngoko nangoko .

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-diplopia?

Ewe, ugqirha wamehlo uza kwahlula ukubona kwakho kabini kube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Ezi zezi:

1. I-Monocular Diplopia: Khawuthelekelele ukuba nokuba uvala iliso elinye ngesandla sakho, usabona izinto ezimbini xa ujonga ngelinye iliso. Ungabona umfanekiso owongezelelweyo, ofana nesithunzi. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"Monocular diplopia". Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-diplopia, kwaye ikwancinci kakhulu. Oku kusenokuba kungenxa yengxaki encinci ngaphakathi kweliso ngokwalo.

2. I-Binocular Diplopia: Ngoku ngenye indlela, xa unamehlo omabini evulekile, ubona amabini, kodwa kwangoko nje ukuba uvale iliso elinye kuphela, loo mbono uphindwe kabini uyanyamalala kwaye linye kuphela elibonakala ngokucacileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'(Binocular diplopia)'. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba la mehlo mabini awavisisani, okanye kunokubakho ingxaki ngemithambo-luvo okanye izihlunu ezichaphazela umbono wamehlo omabini, okanye enye imeko yempilo. Oku akufani ne-'(Monocular diplopia)' ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, kodwa kunokuba yingozi ngakumbi. Kuba oku kubhekisa kwimeko apho la mehlo mabini engenakusebenzisana.

Ihlulwe ngakumbi kwi-diplopia ethe nkqo nethe tyaba.

Ingcali yakho yamehlo ingaluhlela olu hlobo ngokusekelwe kwicala apho umfanekiso ongezelelweyo owubonayo ukhoyo:

• I-Vertical Diplopia: Oku kuxa ubona umfanekiso owongezelelweyo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwento oyijongileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba ubona ibhasi idlula kwaye enye ibhasi idlula ngaphezulu kwayo, loo nto yi-vertical diplopia.
• I-Horizontal Diplopia: Kulapho ubona khona imifanekiso eyongezelelweyo kumacala omabini ombono wakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba endaweni yokubona ipali enye yokukhanya, ubona iipali ezimbini zokukhanya kumacala omabini ayo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-diplopia?

I-Diplopia yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu.Ngokwezibalo, abantu abangaphezu kwama-800,000 eMelika kuphela baya koogqirha bamehlo minyaka le ngenxa yokubona kabini. Ikwathathwa njengesona sizathu siphambili sokuba abantu baye kwigumbi likaxakeka. Kuthiwa malunga nabantu abangama-50,000 baya kwigumbi likaxakeka minyaka le ngenxa yokubona kabini. Ngoko ke ungacinga ukuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani.

Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu ezikhoyo ngaphandle kokubona ezimbini?

Xa une-diplopia, unokufumana ezinye iimpawu ukongeza ekuboneni kabini. Umzekelo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu: Ngamanye amaxesha intloko ebuhlungu inokubakho.
• Isicaphucaphu: Usenokuziva ngathi isisu sakho siyajika kwaye usenokuziva ngathi uza kuhlanza.
• Isiyezi: Kungavakala ngathi izinto ziyajikeleza kuwe.
• Intlungu yamehlo: Usenokuziva iintlungu, ingakumbi xa ushukumisa amehlo akho.

Ezi mpawu azibonakali kubo bonke abantu ngendlela efanayo. Abanye abantu banokuba nenye okanye ezimbini, ngelixa abanye banokuba nazo zonke.

Kutheni le nto kukho le mbono iphindwe kabini? Zithini izizathu?

Iingxaki ezininzi zamehlo zinokubangela ukubona kabini. Nantoni na echaphazela ingqondo yakho, amehlo, okanye imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha elawulayo inokubangela oko.

Nantsi eminye imizekelo:

• I-Astigmatism: Kule meko, ukukhanya akujolisi ndawo inye kuba iliso alikho ngqukuva ngokugqibeleleyo.
• I-Myopia: Ukubona izinto kufutshane: Ukubona izinto kufutshane ngokucacileyo, kodwa izinto ezikude zibonakala zingacacanga.
• I-Hypereopia: Ukubona izinto ezikude: Ukubona izinto ezikude ngokucacileyo, kodwa ukubona izinto ezikufutshane kungacaci.
• Ukusebenzisa iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ezingalinganiyo kakuhle.
• IiCataracts: Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso.
• Isifo samehlo esomileyo: Xa amehlo engakhuphi iinyembezi ngokwaneleyo.
• I-Migraines: Imeko ebonakaliswa ziintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukungaqhelekanga kwi-iris (inxalenye enemibala yeliso).
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo yentloko: Ezi mithambo-luvo zilawula intshukumo yamehlo.
• Ukuvela kwamehlo (Proptosis).
• I-Keratoconus: Ukuguqulwa kwe-cornea yeliso okumile okwekhowuni.
• Ukwenzakala entloko okanye iingozi.

Cinga ngale ndlela: amehlo akho afana neekhamera ezimbini. Kuphela xa zombini iikhamera zigxile kwindawo enye ngaxeshanye apho sibona umfanekiso omnye ocacileyo. Ukuba ikhamera enye iyashukuma kancinci, okanye ukuba ugxininiso aluphumeleli, sigqibela ngokubona imifanekiso emibini. Kunjalo ke ngale nto.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-diplopia?

Nangona nabani na enokuba nokubona izinto ezimbini, oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala.

Kwakhona, le ngozi inokwanda ukuba unezifo ezithile zemithambo-luvo okanye ezinye iimeko zempilo. Umzekelo:

• I-Myasthenia gravis: Esi sisifo esenza izihlunu zibe buthathaka.
• I-Vertigo: Imeko ebangela isiyezi.
• Ii-aneurysms zobuchopho: Ukudumba komthambo wegazi engqondweni.
• Izibetho.
• Isifo seswekile i-Diabetes Mellitus: Ukonakala kwamehlo, ingakumbi ngenxa yesifo seswekile (i-retinopathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile).
• Ukunqongophala kweVithamin B1.
• Isifo se-thyroid.
• I-Multiple sclerosis (MS): Isifo esichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko ye-diplopia?

Ingcali yamehlo kuphela enokukwazi ukubona ukuba kukho ukubona okuphindwe kabini kunye nesizathu sako. Iza kwenza uvavanyo lwamehlo ize ivavanye ukubona kwakho ngovavanyo lokubona.

Ukuba une-`(i-Monocular diplopia)`, uninzi lwexesha akufuneki vavanyo olongezelelweyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba une-`(i-Binocular diplopia)`, unokufuna uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Oku kunokubona ngokucacileyo amehlo akho, izihlunu ezijikeleze amehlo akho, imithambo-luvo, kunye neendawo ezithile zobuchopho bakho.
• I-computed tomography (CT) scan: Oku kunokujonga amehlo kunye nezakhiwo ezingqongileyo, ingakumbi amathambo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo, ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye neengxaki ze-thyroid.

Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho afumanise ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki emehlweni akho, emathanjeni, kwizihlunu, engqondweni, okanye emgogodleni.

Iphathwa njani into yokubona kabini?

Unyango olufunekayo luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu se-diplopia yakho, esiza kunyangwa yingcali yamehlo okanye ngumboneleli wezempilo.

Kwabanye abantu, oku kunokuphuculwa ngokufumana iiglasi ezintsha okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana, okanye ngokulungisa ezindala. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokufuna ukugquma iliso elinye okwethutyana ("i-eye patch") okanye usebenzise ilensi yokunxibelelana ekhethekileyo ukunceda amehlo akho aphinde abone ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kukuchazela indlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho kunye nokuphelisa i-diplopia.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Kukwaxhomekeke kwisizathu se-diplopia. Amanye amatyala okubona kabini ayaphela ngokwawo ngaphandle konyango. Amanye awayi kuphelela de ugqirha wamehlo anyange unobangela.

Ukuba utyando lokulungisa iingxaki zamehlo (umzekelo, ukususwa kwe-cataract), kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba uphile.

Ngaba i-diplopia ingathintelwa?

Akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela ukubona kabini ngokukodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhathalela amehlo akho nokubona ingcali yamehlo rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuchonga naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba.

Landela la manyathelo ukuze ugcine impilo yamehlo intle:

• Musa ukutshaya.
• Ziphe ithuba lokuphumla ekujongeni izikrini ze-elektroniki imini yonke. Jonga kude imizuzu embalwa ubuncinci rhoqo emva kwesiqingatha seyure.
• Nxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko okanye iiglasi ezifanelekileyo emsebenzini wakho, kwimidlalo, okanye kwizinto ozithandayo.
• Fumana uvavanyo lwamehlo rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini (okanye njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha wakho wamehlo).

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-diplopia?

Ukubona kabini kudla ngokuba yingxaki yexesha elifutshane. Musa ukuqhuba okanye wenze nantoni na enokubeka wena okanye abanye emngciphekweni xa ukubona kwakho kuphazamisekile. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-diplopia yakho, kunokufuneka wenze utshintsho oluthile kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Kunini apho kufuneka ukhathazeke khona ngokubona kabini?

Ukubona kabini yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele, kodwa ungacingi ukuba kubi kakhulu. Uninzi lweemeko zezokwexeshana. Enyanisweni, i-diplopia inokuphucula ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubona kabini, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe amehlo akho.

Ukuba ubona kabini ngaphezu kwesihlandlo esinye, okanye ukuba kuza kwaye kudlule (`i-diplopia yexeshana okanye engapheliyo`), usenokuba ne-diplopia yexeshana. Nokuba ukubona kabini kwakho kuyaphucuka ngokwako, kufuneka ubone ingcali yamehlo okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Xelela ugqirha wakho wamehlo malunga naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni okanye ekuboneni kwakho. Ukuba unxiba iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana, jonga amehlo akho rhoqo kwaye ugqirha wakho makakulungisele amayeza akho njengoko kufuneka.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Bona ugqirha wakho wamehlo kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho. Nokuba yinto elula njengokufumana iiglasi ezintsha okanye into enzulu ngakumbi, musa ukulinda de iimpawu zibe mandundu.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba ubona kabini kodwa ungaphindi uzive ngcono emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba ubona kabini kunye nezi mpawu , yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu emehlweni.
• Isiyezi.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha (njengokuthintitha).
• Ukudideka.

Khumbula, i-diplopia inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwengxaki enkulu yobuchopho, njengestroke, ngoko ke musa ukuyityeshela.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Gqirha, kutheni ndibona ezi zinto zimbini?"
• "Iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani le nto?"
• "Luhlobo luni lonyango endiza kulufumana?"
• "Ndifanele ndihlolwe amehlo am kunye namehlo kangaphi?"

Kutheni ndibone izinto ezimbini ezinje ngequbuliso?

Nangona unobangela we-diplopia ukhula kancinci kancinci, unokuwubona ngequbuliso. Nangona ukubona kabini kunokuba luphawu olulumkisayo lwemeko yempilo embi, kudla ngokuba yingxaki yexeshana.

Bonana nengcali yamehlo kwangoko xa ubona utshintsho embonweni wakho, ingakumbi ukuba ngequbuliso luba mandundu. Ukuba umbono wakho uba mandundu emva kwengozi, njengengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa usiva ngengxaki yamehlo, ingakumbi xa ubona izinto ezimbini ezinje. Kodwa khumbula, nangona i-diplopia inokuba luphawu lwento enzulu, idla ngokuba yingxaki yexeshana enokunyangeka kwaye inyangeke.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungawuthathi lula umbono wakho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, okanye ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba kukho into engalunganga, thetha nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Okukhona ifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango luya kuphumelela. Amehlo aphilileyo aluncedo olukhulu ebomini. Ngoko ke masiwanyamekele!

i- diplopia, ukubona kabini, ukubona kabini, izifo zamehlo, iingxaki zokubona, impilo yamehlo, iimpawu