Ngaba umntwana wakho uziva ediniwe ngalo lonke ixesha? Ngaba ubonakala enengxaki yokuphefumla? Ngaba ulusu lwakhe ngamanye amaxesha lubonakala luluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Nangona ezi zinto zihlala ziqhelekile, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ngenxa yengxaki yentliziyo yokuzalwa. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esibalulekileyo. Sibizwa ngokuba yi-Ebstein's Anomaly.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-Ebstein's Anomaly?
Ngamafutshane, le yimeko yentliziyo yokuzalwa. Oko kukuthi, isiphene entliziyweni esivela ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi ezine, amagumbi amabini aphezulu kunye namagumbi amabini asezantsi. Phakathi kwezi gumbi kukho iivalvu ezisebenza njengeengcango. Ezi zilawula ukuhamba kwegazi kwicala elinye kuphela.
I-Ebstein's Anomaly ichaphazela kakhulu ivalvu ye-tricuspid, efumaneka phakathi kwegumbi eliphezulu (i-atrium yasekunene) kunye negumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekunene) kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo. Izinto ezimbini eziphambili zenzeka kule meko:
1. Ivalvu ayibekwanga kakuhle: Le valve ye-tricuspid ibekwe phantsi kakhulu kunokuba kufanele ukuba njalo, kwigumbi elisezantsi lasekunene.
2. Iincwadana zevalvu azidalwanga kakuhle: Iincwadana zevalvu zimile ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokunamathela eludongeni lwentliziyo.
Cinga ngento eyenzekayo xa ucango lungavalwa kakuhle. Ngendlela efanayo, ngenxa yokuba le valve ayivalwa kakuhle, igazi ekufuneka liphonswe lisuka kwigumbi elingaphantsi livuza libuyele kwigumbi eliphezulu.
Oku kubangela ukuba igumbi eliphezulu kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo libe likhulu. Kwakhona, igumbi elingaphantsi, elinevalvu ebekwe ezantsi, linendawo encinci yokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, eli cala lasekunene lentliziyo linokuba buthathaka kwaye likhokelele ekusileleni kwentliziyo .
Le meko ayibachaphazeli bonke abantwana ngendlela efanayo. Abanye banokuba neempawu ezibuthathaka kakhulu, ngelixa abanye banokuba neempawu eziqatha kakhulu.
Amaxesha amaninzi, abantwana abane-`Ebstein's Anomaly` banezinye iingxaki zentliziyo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo ngumngxuma eludongeni phakathi kwamagumbi amabini aphezulu entliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Atrial Septal Defect - ASD )`.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Uluhlu lweempawu lubanzi kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba isifo sinzima kakhulu, iimpawu zinokuvela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo asibi kakhulu kangako, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwaphela de kube lixesha lokufikisa.
| Amathuba | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa (iimeko ezinzima) |
|
| Abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abancinci |
|
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni unobangela?
Enyanisweni, kudla ngokuba nzima ukufumana unobangela othile woku. Kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba utshintsho lwemfuza lunokudlala indima. Kukwakho nenkolelo yokuba ukuchatshazelwa ngamayeza athile afana ne -lithium okanye i-benzodiazepines ngexesha lokukhulelwa nako kunokubangela umngcipheko omncinci. Kodwa ezi zisesekwinqanaba lophando.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto? (Uvavanyo)
Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, ugqirha uya kuqala amhlole umntwana ngononophelo. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze babone ukuba intliziyo isebenza njani kanye kanye.
- I-Echocardiogram: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Ngokufana ne-ultrasound scan yomntwana osesibelekweni, ithatha umfanekiso oneenkcukacha wentliziyo. Ingabonisa apho iivalvu zikhoyo, imilo yazo, ukuba igazi livuza ngasemva, ukuba lingakanani, kwaye likhulu kangakanani igumbi lentliziyo.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Le ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Oku kunceda ekufumaneni ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmias).
- I-Cardiac MRI: Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo, enemilinganiselo emithathu yentliziyo kunye neevalvu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana nangaphambi kotyando.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: Kubantwana abadala, i-EKG yenziwa ngelixa behamba kwi-treadmill. Oku kunceda ukubona indlela intliziyo esabela ngayo xa besebenza nzima.
- I-Holter Monitor: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esinxitywa emzimbeni iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48. Sirekhoda izinga lentliziyo imini yonke kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukubona naziphi na iintlungu zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka emini.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo kunye neempawu zomntwana.
Unyango ngamayeza
Ukuba iimpawu azikho qatha, ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni ayijonge imeko yomntwana. Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo, banokumnika amayeza okunceda intliziyo isebenze ngcono okanye asuse ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni. Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo akuhambelani kakuhle, kukwakho namayeza okukulawula.
Utyando
Ukuba iimpawu zinzima okanye intliziyo iba buthathaka kancinci kancinci, kunokufuneka utyando.
- Ukulungiswa kweeValve: Ukhetho lokuqala loogqirha kusoloko kuzama ukulungisa nokulungisa ivalve yomntwana. Besebenzisa izicubu zomntwana, iiflaps zevalve ziyalungiswa ukuze zisebenze kakuhle.
- Ukutshintshwa kweValve: Ukuba ivalve yonakele kangangokuba ayilungiseki, kufakwa ivalve yokwenziwa endaweni yayo. Ezi zingenziwa ngesinyithi (ivalve yoomatshini) okanye zenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana (ivalve yeBiological). Ukuba kufakwa ivalve yesinyithi, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke.
- Ezinye iindlela: Ngexesha lotyando, umngxuma entliziyweni (ASD) ungavalwa kwaye inxalenye yentliziyo ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo (i-catheter ablation) inokunyangeka.
Kwezinye zezona meko zinzima kakhulu, ukuba akukho nyango luphumelelayo, ukufakelwa intliziyo kunokufuneka. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu.
Zeziphi izinto ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka uzilumkele?
Umntwana onesi simo ufuna ukujongwa ngugqirha wentliziyo ubomi bakhe bonke . Nokuba emva kotyando, kubalulekile ukuya kwiikliniki ukuze ahlolwe ngamaxesha amiselweyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, qaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ulusu lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka rhoqo.
- Ukuba umsebenzi womntwana, ukubaleka, nokudlala kwakhe kuncipha.
- Ukuba kukho ukudumba emzimbeni.
- Ukuba uziva intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olufana nolu, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
Kwakhona, kwezinye iimeko, njengangaphambi kokuba amazinyo aqale, ugqirha unokucebisa abantwana ukuba bathathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo lwentliziyo. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo rhoqo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ebstein's Anomaly yimeko engaqhelekanga yokuzalwa echaphazela ivalve ye-tricuspid yentliziyo.
- Le meko ayibachaphazeli bonke abantu ngendlela efanayo. Abanye basenokuphila bengenazo iimpawu, ngelixa abanye banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuziva udiniwe lula, kunye nokujika ube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zezinye zeempawu eziphambili.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu besifo. Amayeza kunye notyando lokulungisa okanye lokutshintsha ivalvu zezona ndlela ziphambili zonyango.
- Umntwana onesi sifo ufuna ulwalathiso lwezonyango olukhethekileyo ubomi bakhe bonke. Ukuya rhoqo kwiiklinikhi kunokunceda umntwana aphile ubomi obusempilweni.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo ngomntwana wakho, ungaze woyike ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
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