Kuthekani ukuba isiphene sentliziyo esizelwe naso asinyangwa? Funda nge-Eisenmenger Syndrome

Ngaba wakha weva ngeentsana ezizalwa zinomngxuma entliziyweni yazo? Uninzi lwexesha, ukuba zinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, oku akuyongxaki. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ezi meko azinyangwa, zinokuba ziingxaki ezinkulu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Eisenmenger Syndrome. Nangona esi sisihloko sinzima kancinci, siza kuthetha ngaso ngokulula namhlanje, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Eisenmenger syndrome?

Ukuze siqonde oku, masiqale sikhumbule indlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo . Khawuthelekelele ukuba intliziyo yethu ifana nendlu enamagumbi amane. Amagumbi amabini aphezulu kunye namagumbi amabini asezantsi. Icala lasekunene lentliziyo liqulethe igazi "elingcolileyo" eliye lajikeleza umzimba wonke, ioksijini ephantsi. Eli gazi kufuneka "licocwe" ngokulithumela emiphungeni ukuze lifakwe ioksijini. Icala lasekhohlo lentliziyo liqulethe igazi "elicocekileyo" eliye laphuma emiphungeni, lizele yioksijini. Eli gazi limpontshwa emzimbeni wonke. Ngokwesiqhelo, igazi alixubeki phakathi kwala macala mabini.

Ngoku, khawucinge ukuba uzalwa unembobo eludongeni phakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo (umzekelo). Uxinzelelo kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo luphezulu kunecala lasekunene. Ngoko ke, kumanqanaba okuqala, elinye igazi elinomoya-mpilo lidlula kuloo mngxuma liye kwicala lasekunene lize lixubane negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -shunt esuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene . Oku kubangela ukwanda okungeyomfuneko kwinani legazi eliya emiphungeni.

Ekugqibeleni, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi emiphungeni luyanda kangangokuba uxinzelelo olukwicala lasekunene lentliziyo luba phezulu kunakwicala lasekhohlo. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Ukuhamba kwegazi kuyaguquka ngokupheleleyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngoku igazi "elingcolileyo", elineoksijini ephantsi, aliyi emiphungeni kwaye liyacocwa, kodwa lihamba ngqo kuloo mngxuma liye kwicala lasekhohlo kwaye liphonswa emzimbeni wonke. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -shunt ukusuka ekunene ukuya ekhohlo .

Olu qokelelo lweempawu kunye neengxaki ezibangelwa kukumpompa kwegazi elingenaoksijini emzimbeni yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Eisenmenger Syndrome .

Zithini iimpawu zale meko?

Iimpawu eziphambili zezo zibangelwa kukungafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo emzimbeni (hypoxemia). Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala xa umntu efikisa okanye ekhulile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuqala xa umntwana eselula.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini iziphene zentliziyo ezisisiseko?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le meko ibangelwa sisiphene sentliziyo esingazange sinyangwe. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• I-Atrial septal defect ( ASD ): Umngxuma eludongeni phakathi kwamagumbi amabini aphezulu (i-atria) entliziyo.
• I-Ventricular septal defect ( VSD ):Umngxuma eludongeni phakathi kwamagumbi amabini asezantsi (amagumbi) entliziyo.
• I-patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): Unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kwe-aorta kunye nomthambo we-pulmonary omele uvale emva kokuzalwa.
• I-Atrioventricular septal defect: Umngxuma omkhulu embindini wentliziyo, kunye neengxaki zeevalvu zentliziyo .
• Isiphene se-ventricle enye: Linye kuphela igumbi elisezantsi lentliziyo elisebenza kakuhle.

Ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yesi simo:

I-Eisenmenger syndrome ayichaphazeli nje intliziyo nemiphunga. Amanqanaba aphantsi eoksijini emzimbeni anokubangela ezinye iingxaki ezininzi.

• I-erythrocytosis yesibini: Umzimba uvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingaphezulu kunezo zifunekayo ukuze uthathe indawo yeoksijini, nto leyo enokwenza igazi libe likhulu kwaye yonyuse umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Ukopha okungaqhelekanga: Izinto ezifana nokukhohlela igazi, ukopha empumlweni, ukuya exesheni kakhulu, kunye nokopha iintsini.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (Arrhythmias): Ukungalingani kwentliziyo.
• Amahlwili egazi: Ukuba la mahlwili egazi aya engqondweni, iimeko ezinzulu ezifana nestroke zinokwenzeka.
• Amathumba ebuchotsheni.
• Iminwe eneeklabhu.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo.
• Usulelo lwentliziyo (i-infective endocarditis).
• I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron.

Umngcipheko ophezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu. Ukukhulelwa komfazi one-Eisenmenger syndrome kuyingozi kakhulu, kude kube yingozi nakubomi . Intliziyo kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi azikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nto leyo enokubangela ukufa kumama okanye kumntwana, okanye zombini.

Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?

Ugqirha wakho unokukukrokrela oku ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yakho yezonyango. Baza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa oko.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi:Ukuze ufunde ngenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye nezinye iingxaki.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Iskeni ejonga umsebenzi wentliziyo, ulwakhiwo lwayo, kunye nendawo ekuyo umngxuma.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG): Ukujonga umsebenzi wombane kunye nesingqisho sentliziyo.
• Ukufakwa kweCatheterization yentliziyo: Uvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu olubandakanya ukufakwa kombhobho omncinci entliziyweni nasemiphungeni ukuze kulinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo uxinzelelo apho.
• I-pulse oximetry: Ukulinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini ngesixhobo esincinci esincamathiselwe emnweni.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lokuzivocavoca: Ukujonga indlela amanqanaba entliziyo kunye neoksijini atshintsha ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga.

Inyangwa njani? Ngaba le nto inganyangeka?

Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba xa i-Eisenmenger syndrome sele ivele, isiphene sokuqala sentliziyo (umngxuma) esibangele loo nto asinakuvalwa ngotyando . Ukuba oko kwenziwe, intliziyo ayizukukwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu olusele luqokelelene emiphungeni, kwaye iingxaki ezinkulu kakhulu kwanokufa kunokwenzeka.

Ngoko ke, iinjongo eziphambili zonyango kukulawula iimpawu, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi, kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

• Unyango lwe-Pulmonary hypertension (PAH): Olu lolona nyango luphambili. La mayeza anciphisa uxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi emiphungeni, nto leyo ephelisa iimpawu ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci.
• Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics zinikwa ngaphambi kweenkqubo ezithile zonyango, ezinje ngokukhupha izinyo, ukuthintela ukusasazeka kosulelo entliziyweni.
• Ukuzilolonga phantsi kweliso likagqirha: Oku kunokukunceda uphucule ukuphefumla kwakho namandla akho. Ungaze uzilolonge wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
• Iipilisi zesinyithi okanye iinaliti: Ukunyanga ukungabikho kwesinyithi xa kusenzeka.
• Ioksijini eyongezelelweyo: Oku kuyacetyiswa kwabanye abaguli abakhethiweyo ukuphucula amanqanaba eoksijini egazini.
• Izinto zokunciphisa igazi: Le yinto ekufuneka isetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye kuphela emva kwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo okanye intliziyo nemiphunga: Lukhetho lwezigulane ezikwinqanaba lokugqibela apho imeko yazo ingenakulawulwa ngamayeza.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ngelixa uphila nale meko, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzenze.

• Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuya kuyenza imeko ibe mandundu.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi ukuze uthintele ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.
• Fumana imigonyo efunekayo ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze ukhuseleke kwiintsholongwane.
• Ukujongana noxinzelelo lokuphila nesi sifo esihlala ixesha elideFumana ingcebiso .

Uza kuba phantsi kweliso likagqirha wentliziyo kunye nogqirha wemiphunga ubomi bakho bonke, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo yabo ngokuchanekileyo.