Ngaba unengxaki ngomqala wakho okanye ngomqala wakho? Masifunde ngakumbi ngovavanyo lwe-esophagoscopy!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo lwezonyango olunokuba lutsha kuwe, kodwa lunokuba lubaluleke kakhulu. Lubizwa ngokuba yi-esophagoscopy. Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci, kodwa ungakhathazeki, masiligcine lilula, akunjalo? Siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi namhlanje, njengokuthi lenza ntoni, kutheni lenziwa, ukuba lenzeka njani, nokuba libuhlungu na.

Yintoni i-esophagoscopy? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-esophagoscopy yinkqubo ejonga ngokusondeleyo ingaphakathi le -esophagus yakho (ityhubhu esuka emqaleni wakho iye esiswini sakho xa uginya ukutya nokusela). Cinga ngayo njengokudlulisa ikhamera encinci kwindlela engaphakathi emzimbeni wakho.

Kolu vavanyo, oogqirha basebenzisa ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope ). Le endoscope inekhamera encinci kunye nesibane kwelinye icala. Ngoko ke, le tube ifakwa ngomlomo wakho, okanye ngamanye amaxesha impumlo yakho, ize idluliselwe kwi-esophagus yakho, okuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo ukuba kukho into engalunganga, ukuba kukho iimpawu zesifo, okanye ukuba kukho enye into engaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha, le ndlela ikwasetyenziselwa ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili (isampulu yezicubu/i-biopsy) kwi-esophagus ukuze kuhlolwe ngakumbi. Siza kuthetha ngaloo nto kamva.

Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo okanye uloyiko xa uxelelwa ukuba kuza kufakwa ityhubhu entanyeni okanye empumlweni yakho. Kodwa olu vavanyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ukuba kwenzekani ngaphakathi kweli thubhu libalulekileyo elithwala ukutya nokusela kwakho. Ukwazi oko kunokukunceda uzive ungcono.

Kutheni ufuna i-esophagoscopy?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, 'Kutheni ndicelwa ukuba ndenze olu vavanyo?' Ewe, ngumbuzo olungileyo lowo. Ugqirha angakuthumela kolu vavanyo ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukhwehlela okunzima ukufumana unobangela kwaye awupheli ngamayeza aqhelekileyo, oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba unobangela yingxaki emqaleni wakho.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (iDysphagia): Ukuba uziva ngathi uyakrwitshwa okanye unentlungu xa uginya ukutya okanye isiselo. Ukuba uziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi ukutya kubambeke esifubeni sakho.
• Ukucaphuka rhoqo kunye nokuhlanza: Ukuba ufumana isicaphucaphu rhoqo kunye nokuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, kufuneka ujonge ukuba imbangela yingxaki kwi-esophagus okanye esiswini esingaphezulu.
• Isitshiso Esingapheliyo: Ukuba unesitshiso esingapheliyo esihlala sicinga ukuba "sisisisu," kodwa asinyangeki ngamayeza, olu vavanyo lubalulekile ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, ukuba ukutya kubambeke emqaleni wakho, okanye ukuba ngempazamo uginye into ethile (umzekelo, abantwana abancinci banokuginya izinto ezifana neengqekembe, iziqwenga zezinto zokudlala, okanye iibhetri, akunjalo?), le nkqubo ye-esophagoscopy ikwasetyenziselwa ukususa into ebambekileyo.

Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni ezinye izifo zomqala . Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Barrett's esophagus: Le yimeko apho iiseli ezikwinxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus zitshintsha zifane neeseli ezisesiswini. Le meko inokubangelwa kukubuyela kwe-acid reflux ixesha elide. Inomngcipheko omncinci wokuba ngumhlaza, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo.
• I-Dysphagia: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ubunzima bokuginya. Zininzi izizathu zoku, kwaye oku kuya kukunceda uqonde.
• Umhlaza womqala: Eli ligama eloyikekayo. Kodwa ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, amathuba okuba unyangwe kwaye unyangeke aphezulu kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuba kukho amathandabuzo.
• I-GERD (Isifo se-Gastroesophageal Reflux): Le yimeko abantu abaninzi abayibiza ngokuba "yisisu." Oku kuxa i-asidi yesisu ibuyela kwi-esophagus. Oku kunokubangela isitshiso sentliziyo kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu.
• I-LPR (i-Laryngopharyngeal Reflux): Oku kufana ne-GERD, kodwa kule meko, i-asidi yesisu iphuma kwi-esophagus, iye ngqo emqaleni nakwibhokisi yelizwi. Oku kunokubangela izinto ezifana ne-mucus ehlala ihleli emqaleni, utshintsho kwilizwi, kunye nosulelo oluqhubekayo emqaleni.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-esophagoscopy?

Ewe, zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokwenza olu vavanyo. Nangona inkqubo ifana kuzo zombini, indlela efakwe ngayo ityhubhu enekhamera yahlukile kancinci.

1. I-Transoral esophagoscopy: Kule ndlela, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu ebizwa ngokuba yi-esophagoscope ngomlomo wakho nakwi-esophagus yakho. Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu.

2. I-Transnasal esophagoscopy: Kule ndlela, ityhubhu ifakwa ngempumlo yakho. Idlula empumlweni yakho, yehle ngomqala wakho, ize ingene emqaleni wakho. Abanye abantu bathi le ndlela ilula kancinci kuba ayibangeli isicaphucaphu kangako kunendlela yomlomo.

Zombini ezi ndlela zisebenza ngendlela efanayo. Imifanekiso evela kwikhamera ekwityhubhu iboniswa kwiscreen esikhulu sekhompyutha. Ugqirha angabona ngokucacileyo ingaphakathi lomqala wakho. Ezinye ii-esophagoscopes ziguquguquka, ngelixa ezinye ziqinile, iityhubhu zesinyithi ezingagobiyo (i-rigid esophagoscopy). Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uhlobo olulungele wena ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.

Ulungiselela njani i-esophagoscopy?

Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ngaphambi kolu vavanyo, njengoko ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa i-anesthesia ukuthintela ukuba ungaziva naziphi na iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki ngexesha lovavanyo.Ngoko ke akukho nto ibalulekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyenze. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kufuneka ucinge ngezi zinto:

• Lungiselela umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya: Kwiimeko ezininzi, ungaya ekhaya ngosuku olunye novavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, uya kuba phantsi kwe-anesthesia (nokuba yinto eqhelekileyo okanye inxalenye yayo) kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka uzise umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya. Musa ukuya wedwa, kuba akukhuselekanga.
• Ukulungiselela i-anesthesia: Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya okanye ukusela ngokupheleleyo malunga neeyure ezisibhozo ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba isisu sakho kufuneka sibe singenanto. Oku kwenzelwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuyela kokuqukethwe esiswini emqaleni wakho nakwimiphunga yakho ngexesha le-anesthesia. Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi (afana ne-aspirin kunye ne-warfarin), okanye izongezo zemifuno, kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela konke oku.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-esophagoscopy?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lokwenyani. Okokuqala, ingcali yokubulala iintlungu iza kukwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo, okanye ikunike isithomalalisi. Emva koko, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo olunje:

• I-spray ye-anesthetic yasekuhlaleni ifakwa emqaleni wakho. Ityhubhu ifakwa ngomlomo wakho. Ukuba ifakwa ngempumlo yakho, ingaphakathi lempumlo yakho nalo liyavaleka. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula kakhulu kuwe ukufaka ityhubhu.
• Emva koko, ngononophelo olukhulu, ityhubhu ye-esophagoscope ifakwa ngomlomo okanye empumlweni.
• Ityhubhu idlula kancinci kancinci kwi-esophagus, mhlawumbi ukuya kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu (i-duodenum).
• Ividiyo evela kwikhamera ekwityhubhu iboniswa kwisikrini esikhulu. Ugqirha ubukela oku ngelixa esenza uhlolo.
• Ukuba ugqirha uyafuna, angazirekhoda ezi mifanekiso aze athathe imifanekiso ukuze ayibukele kamva.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ubona into ekrokrisayo - umzekelo, isilonda, ithumba, okanye izicubu ezingaqhelekanga - ungathatha i-biopsy ukuze uyihlolisise ngakumbi. Oku kuthetha ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lezicubu uze ulijonge phantsi kwe-microscope. Oku kwenziwa yingcali yezifo , ugqirha ochwephesha ekuhloleni izicubu. Le biopsy yeyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kukho into efana nomhlaza okanye esinye isifo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukwenza i-esophagoscopy?

Ixesha eliza kuthathwa liya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lovavanyo oluthathayo kunye nokuba kukho enye into ekufuneka yenziwe ngexesha lovavanyo. Umzekelo, i- transnasal esophagoscopy, ejongwa nje ngempumlo, inokuthi igqitywe malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15. Nangona kunjalo, i-transoral esophagoscopy, eyenziwa ngomlomo, ingathatha ixesha elide.Okokuqala, ingakumbi ukuba kubandakanya ukuthatha i-biopsy okanye ukwenza ezinye iinkqubo ezincinci (ezifana nokwandisa umphimbo ukuba uvalekile), kunokuthatha naphi na ukusuka kwimizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwiyure. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela kwangaphambili ukuba kudla ngokuthatha ixesha elingakanani.

Ngaba i-Esophagoscopy ibuhlungu?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngabantu abaninzi, kwaye yinto eyoyikisa abantu abaninzi. Hayi, olu vavanyo alubuhlungu. Enyanisweni. Xa ugqirha efaka ityhubhu, ungaziva ungakhululekanga, uzive ngathi kukho into ehla emqaleni wakho, mhlawumbi unesicaphucaphu esincinci. Kodwa ayibuhlungu. Kwaye kuba uza kunikwa i-anesthesia (epheleleyo okanye engaphelelanga), uninzi lwexesha awuyi kuva nto, okanye awuyi kuyikhumbula. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika oku ngokungeyomfuneko.

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kwe-esophagoscopy?

I-esophagoscopy idla ngokuba yinkqubo yokunyanga ngaphandle kwesibhedlele . Oku kuthetha ukuba ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba unikwe i-anesthesia, kuya kufuneka uhlale eofisini kagqirha okanye esibhedlele kwigumbi lokuchacha okwethutyana de iziphumo ze-anesthesia ziphele. Oku kudla ngokuba malunga neyure okanye ezimbini. Umzekelo, kungathatha malunga neyure ukuba iyeza elibangela ukuba ungabi nazimvakalelo liphele emqaleni okanye empumlweni yakho. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi bezonyango baya kujonga imeko yakho. Wakuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo, ungafowunela umntu ukuba eze nawe.

Umphimbo wakho usenokuvakala ubuhlungu okanye ukrweleka kancinci usuku okanye ezimbini emva kovavanyo. Oku kuqhelekile. Ukusela amanzi afudumeleyo okanye ukutya into ebandayo efana ne-ayisikhrim kunokunceda.

Ziziphi iingenelo ze-esophagoscopy?

Kukho iingenelo ezininzi kolu vavanyo kuwe. Akupheleli nje ekwenzeni into efana nale. Jonga:

• Iimeko ezifana ne -Barrett's esophagus , i-GERD , kunye nezilonda ze-esophageal zinokuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ingabona ukuba uneeseli zomhlaza kwisisu sakho, okanye ukuba uneemeko ezingaphambi komhlaza ezinokuba ngumhlaza. Ukuba umhlaza ufunyenwe kwangethuba, amathuba okuba unyangwe kwaye unyangeke aphezulu kakhulu. Le yenye yezona zibonelelo zibalulekileyo zolu vavanyo.
• Izinto ezinamathele kumqala (umz., iziqwenga zokutya, into eginywe ngumntwana omncinci) zingasuswa.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho ukopha empundu, unyango oluncinci lunokwenziwa ngale ndlela ukuze kuthintelwe.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi nge-esophagoscopy?

Njengakweminye inkqubo yezonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, i-esophagoscopy yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo kakhulu, eneengxaki ezimbalwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, nazi ezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka:

• Ukopha: Kusenokubakho ukopha okuthile, ingakumbi ukuba kuthathwe i-biopsy. Kodwa kudla ngokuyeka ngokwako, okanye kunokuyekiswa nge-endoscope.
• Umphimbo ocaphukileyo okanye obuhlungu: Umphimbo wakho usenokuba buhlungu okanye ukrwele kangangeentsuku ezimbini emva kovavanyo. Oku kuqhelekile.
• Usulelo: Lunqabile kakhulu.
• Impendulo kwi-anesthesia: Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Ingcali ye-anesthesia isoloko ilumkile ngale nto.
• Ukugqobhoka okanye ukukrazuka: Oku kukwayingxaki engaqhelekanga nenzima . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuyenzeka, utyando lunokufuneka. Oogqirha balumkile kakhulu kwaye banamava koku, ngoko ke umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu.

"Khumbula, ezi ngozi zincinci kakhulu. Ugqirha wakho uku-odolela olu vavanyo kuba iingenelo zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi ezincinci."

Zithini iziphumo ze-esophagoscopy?

Oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke iziphumo ziyahluka ngokufanelekileyo. Makhe sijonge imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba une -GERD , ugqirha wakho uya kukunika unyango (amayeza) kunye neendlela zokuyilawula (utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, ukutya).
• Ukuba une -Barrett's esophagus , uvavanyo lunokubonisa ukuba imeko yakho izinzile okanye iya isiba mandundu. Oku kuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba wenze ntoni emva koko kwaye uvavanywe kangaphi kwakhona.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya (dysphagia) , olu vavanyo lunokukunceda ufumanise unobangela. Isenokuba kukuvaleka komqala okanye enye ingxaki. Unyango lunokuqaliswa ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukuba uthatha i-biopsy, unokwazi ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unomhlaza okanye esinye isifo esithile.

Ndiza kuzazi nini iziphumo zovavanyo?

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokukuxelela iziphumo emva nje kokuba uvavanyo lwenziwe. Oko kukuthi, oko kubonwa nge-endoscope. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ugqirha uthatha iisampulu zezicubu (i-biopsy) aze azithumele kwilebhu, kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iveki ukuba iziphumo zibuye. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ugqirha uya kukuxelela ukuba ungalindela nini iziphumo, kwaye nokuba kufuneka ubuye na ukuze uzithathe, okanye ukuba baza kukufowunela. Ngoko ungakhathazeki.

Ixesha lokubona ugqirha kwakhona emva kovavanyo

Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva kovavanyo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga. Lumka ngezinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukuba ukopha kwempumlo akupheli (ukuba ityhubhu ifakwe ngempumlo).
• Ukuba unesihlungu esibuhlungu esingapheliyo, kangangokuba awukwazi ukuginya.
• Ukuba unentlungu eqatha esifubeni .
• Ukuba uziva kunzima ukuphefumla .
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane (ngesiqhelo ungaphezulu kwe-100.4°F okanye i-38°C).
• Ukuba udlula esitulweni esimnyama, esihlala ixesha elide(Oku kungaba luphawu lokopha ngaphakathi).
• Ukuba uhlanza igazi, okanye uhlanza loo nto ifana nekofu egayiweyo.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu okanye ukudumba.

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale , musa ukulibazisa . Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Esophagoscopy kunye ne-Bronchoscopy?

Zombini ezi ntlobo ze-endoscopy . Oko kukuthi, iindlela ezisebenzisa ityhubhu enekhamera ukujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Kodwa indawo yokubukela yahlukile.

I- esophagoscopy ijonga i-esophagus , umbhobho wokutya, mhlawumbi nenxalenye engentla yesisu.

I-bronchoscopy ijonga i-trachea yakho (umphimbo womoya) kunye neendlela zomoya ezikwimiphunga yakho . Oko kukuthi, iindlela zomoya ezikuvumela ukuba uphefumle.

Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uvavanyo olufunekayo kwezi zimbini ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Umzekelo, kukho amaxesha apho zombini zinokwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela wokukhwehlela okungapheliyo.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku unombono olungileyo malunga ne-esophagoscopy. Khumbula, ukuba uneempawu ezifana ne-heartburn, ubunzima bokuginya, okanye umphimbo obuhlungu ongapheliyo, ungabi nantloni okanye woyike ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo. I-Esophagoscopy ayilovavanyo olubuhlungu, kodwa lunokuba lusizi kancinci. Ukuba unenkxalabo okanye uloyiko malunga nolu vavanyo, ungathandabuzi ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Baza kukuchazela yonke into kwaye bakunike inkxaso oyifunayo ngexesha nasemva kovavanyo. Olu vavanyo lwenzelwe ukukunceda uchonge imeko yakho kwangethuba kwaye ikuncede uphile ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukwenza olu vavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.

I- Esophagoscopy, i-esophagus, i-endoscopy, ubunzima bokuginya, ukudumba kwesifuba, i-GERD, i-biopsy