Siyabila imini yonke, imilomo yethu iyavuza xa sisitya, kwaye amehlo ethu ayalila xa siziva sidakumbile. Nangona sinokucinga ukuba zonke ezi zinto zizinto ezenzeka emizimbeni yethu, emva kwazo zonke ezi zinto kukho 'iifektri' ezincinci emizimbeni yethu. Kwezonyango, ezi sizibiza ngokuba zii-exocrine glands. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nkqubo imangalisayo yee-glandular.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ii-exocrine glands?
Ii-exocrine glands ziqoqo leeseli ezivelisa izinto ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wethu (ezifana nokubila, amathe, iinyembezi, ubisi, kunye neejusi zokugaya ukutya) kwaye zizikhuphe ngeetyhubhu ezincinci (iipayipi) phezu komzimba okanye kwingxunya engaphakathi emzimbeni. Cinga ngayo njengenkqubo yeepayipi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthutha iimpahla ezenziwe kumzi-mveliso ukuya kwindawo ezijoliswe kuyo. Ezi glands zisasazeka kuwo onke amalungu omzimba wethu kwaye zenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kwindawo nganye.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Exocrine kunye ne-Endocrine glands?
Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngee-endocrine glands. Nangona zombini zingama-glands, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwindlela ezisebenza ngayo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda lo mahluko.
| Uphawu | Iindlala ze-Exocrine | Iindlala ze-endocrine |
|---|---|---|
| Indlela yokukhupha | Le inemibhobho eyahlukeneyo yokuthwala ukungcola. | Le nto ayinayo imibhobho. Izinto eziphumayo ziqokelelwa ngqo egazini . |
| Izinto eziviwayo | Izinto ezinje ngokubila, amathe, iinyembezi, ubisi, ii-enzymes. | Iihomoni kuphela. |
| Imizekelo | Iindlala zokubila, iindlala zamathe, iindlala zokukrazula. | I-thyroid gland, i-pituitary gland. |
Khumbula nje: I-Exocrine zii-glands ezine-'Exits' (ii-outits), oko kukuthi, ii-ducts. I-Endocrine zii-glands ezikhupha ngqo egazini ('Endo' - ngaphakathi).
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-exocrine glands emzimbeni wethu?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-exocrine glands ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwemizimba yethu. Makhe sijonge ezinye zazo kunye nemisebenzi yazo.
| Uhlobo lwe-gland | Yintoni eyenziwayo (umsebenzi) |
|---|---|
| Iindlala zokubila | Sivelisa size sikhuphe umbilo. Oku kunceda ekulawuleni ubushushu bomzimba wethu. |
| Iindlala zeSebaceous | I-Sebum yinto enamafutha ebalulekileyo kulusu nakwiinwele. Ikhusela ulusu neenwele. |
| Iindlala zamathe | Ivelisa amathe. Oku kunceda ekuhlafuneni, ekuginyeni nasekugayeni ukutya. Ikwakhusela nezicubu zomlomo. |
| Iindlala zeLacrimal | Ezi gland, ezikwindawo ephezulu yeliso, zikhupha iinyembezi. Ngalo lonke ixesha siqhwanyaza, ezi inyembezi zisasazeka kulo lonke iliso, zigcina limanzi kwaye licocekile. |
| Iindlala zebele | Ubisi lwebele luyaveliswa. Olu bisi lwebele lubonelela ngezondlo ezifunekayo ekukhuleni komntwana nasekuqiniseni inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| Iigland zeCeruminous | Ezi glands, ezikwindlebe, zivelisa i-wax (cerumen) , ekhusela indlebe ekonakaleni nasekosulelekeni. |
| Iindlala zesisu | Ikhupha ii-enzymes kunye nee-asidi ezifunekayo ekugayweni kokutya. |
Ukongeza, isibindi sethu kunye nepancreas zizitho ezimbini ezikhethekileyo. Kuba zombini zisebenza njengee-exocrine glands kunye nee-endocrine glands. Isibindi sikhupha iijusi zokugaya ezifana ne-bile ziye kumbhobho wokutya (umsebenzi we-exocrine). Ngokufanayo, i-pancreas ikhupha ii-enzymes zokugaya ngokusebenzisa imibhobho (umsebenzi we-exocrine). Kwangaxeshanye, zombini ezi zitho zikhupha iihomoni ngqo egazini (umsebenzi we-endocrine).
Zeziphi iinkonzo ezinikezelwa zezi glands emizimbeni yethu?
Amadlala e-exocrine afana neqela labasebenzi abathuleyo emizimbeni yethu. Asinika iingenelo ezininzi.
- Inceda ekugayeni ukutya nasekufunxeni izondlo.
- Igcina ubushushu bomzimba buhlala buhleli.
- Ikhusela kwaye ifumisa ulusu lwethu neenwele zethu.
- Ikhusela izicubu zangaphakathi zezitho ezifana namehlo, iindlebe, nomlomo.
Iindlala ze-Exocrine zikhupha iincindi
Ezi glands zikhupha imveliso yazo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili. Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi yisayensi, kodwa masikwenze kube lula.
1. Inkqubo yeMerocrine: Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ukukhupha ulwelo kukhululwa kuphela ngaphandle kokubangela umonakalo kwiiseli zegland. Ngokuchanekileyo, ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Exocytosis". Le yindlela esebenza ngayo i-sweat glands zethu.
2. Inkqubo ye-Apocrine: Apha, ukukhutshwa kwencindi kukhutshwa ngenxalenye encinci ye-membrane yeseli. Oko kukuthi, iqhekeza elincinci leseli liyakhutshwa. Iindlala zethu zebele (ezivelisa ubisi lwebele) zingumzekelo wale nkqubo.
3. Inkqubo yeHolocrine: Kule meko, iseli yonke iyatshatyalaliswa ukuze kukhutshwe ukukhutshwa. Le yindlela amadlala ethu e-sebaceous akhupha ngayo i-sebum.
Ziziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ii-exocrine glands?
Ekubeni la madlala efumaneka kuyo yonke imizimba yethu, zininzi iimeko ezinokuwachaphazela. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo.
- I-Hyperhidrosis: Ukubila kakhulu kubangelwa ziindlala zokubila ezivelisa ukubila okungakumbi kunokuba umzimba ufuna. Le meko inokwenza kube nzima kwabanye abantu ukuncokola nabantu.
- I-Bromhidrosis: Ivumba libangelwa ziintsholongwane eluswini eziqhekeza ukubila xa lomile.
- I-Acne (Acne vulgaris): La ma-gland ayimbangela yengxaki yama-acne esiwafumanayo uninzi lwethu ebutsheni bethu. I-Acne yenzeka xa ama-oil gland evelisa i-sebum, evala imingxuma yama-gland.
- Isifo sikaSjögren: Esi sisifo "esikhusela umzimba ngokwawo", oko kuthetha ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli zayo. Yonakalisa amathe kunye neentsini ezikrazulayo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umlomo namehlo ome kakhulu.
- I-ectasia ye-mammary duct: Ngexesha lokuncancisa okanye ngamanye amaxesha, iimeko ezifana nokuvaleka kunye nokudumba kwe-ducts ye-mammary glands zinokwenzeka.
- I-Cystic fibrosis: Esi sisifo esibangelwa yimfuza. Utshintsho kwiproteni ebandakanyeka ekuvelisweni kwe-mucus, ukubila, kunye nejusi yokugaya emzimbeni kubangela ukuba i-mucus etyebileyo nenamathelayo iqokeleleke kwizitho ezifana nemiphunga kunye ne-pancreas.
- I-Pancreatitis: Ukudumba kwe-pancreas, okunokuthintela ukuveliswa kwee-enzymes ezifunekayo ekugayeni ukutya.
Ungayibona indlela ezi glands ze-exocrine ezibaluleke ngayo ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwemizimba yethu. Ngoko ke ukuba unenkxalabo malunga noku, umzekelo, ukubila okugqithisileyo, umlomo owomileyo, okanye i-acne engalawulekiyo, ungaze unqikaze ukuthetha nogqirha wakho . Uza kuhlola imeko yakho aze akunike iingcebiso ezifunekayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-exocrine glands luhlobo lwe-gland evelisa izinto ezifana nokubila, amathe, kunye neenyembezi kwaye izikhuphe ngemibhobho emzimbeni okanye kwimingxunya.
- Ii-endocrine glands zii-ductless glands ezivelisa ii-hormones kwaye zizikhuphele ngqo egazini.
- Ezi glands ze-exocrine zenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, njengokugaya ukutya, ukulawula ubushushu bomzimba, kunye nokukhusela ulusu.
- Utshintsho ekusebenzeni kwezi gland lunokubangela iingxaki ezifana nokubila kakhulu, i-acne, kunye nomlomo namehlo omileyo.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezikukhathazayo, soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike icebiso.
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