Ingaba ithambo lakho likhula njengethumba elincinci? Masithethe ngale nto (Exostosis)!

Ngaba wakha waphawula into efana nokukhula okuncinci kwithambo kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wakho, mhlawumbi kumnwe, emlenzeni, okanye endlebeni? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi azibuhlungu, kodwa zinokuphazamisa kancinci ukuzibona, akunjalo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokukhula kwethambo okongezelelweyo okukhula kwithambo, kodwa kungengomhlaza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Exostosis)` kwisayensi yezonyango.

Yintoni le ``(Exostosis)``? Masiyiqonde ngokulula, akunjalo?

Ngamafutshane, i-"Exostosis" sisiqwenga esitsha sethambo esikhula phezu kwethambo lakho, oko kukuthi, phezu kwezicubu zethambo ezikhoyo. Kufana nesiqwenga esincinci sethambo esikhula phezu kwethambo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba oku akusilo umhlaza. Oko kukuthi, akusilo uphawu lomhlaza okanye into ebangela umhlaza. Kwakhona, le "Exostosis" ayisasazeki kwezinye iindawo emzimbeni (oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yi-"metastasize").

Ixesha elininzi, ezi "exostosis" azibangeli zimpawu. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni ukukhula kwethambo elongezelelweyo kwenzeka phi - kweliphi ithambo, okanye kweliphi ilungu lomzimba - ngamanye amaxesha unokuziva iintlungu xa usebenzisa elo thambo okanye ushukumisa elo candelo.

Uhlobo lonyango olufunekayo kwi-exostosis luxhomekeke ekubeni ikwindawo enjani. Ukuba yeyiphi ithambo elikuyo kuya kuchaphazela iimpawu ozifumanayo kunye nendlela ugqirha aza kuyinyanga ngayo.

Le ""(i-Exostosis"" ingaphuhliswa phi emzimbeni?

I-``(Exostosis)`` inokwakheka nakweyiphi na ithambo emzimbeni wakho. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iindawo apho zixhaphake khona. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Amathambo eqatha neenyawo: Ewe, la mathambo anokukhula emaqatheni akho, ezinzwaneni, okanye emathanjeni eenyawo zakho.
• Kwimijelo yendlebe: I-Exostosis inokukhula nasemathanjeni angaphakathi kwendlebe.
• Kwimingxunya yeesinus: Ezi zinokufumaneka nasemathanjeni ngaphakathi kwimingxunya yomoya (iisinus) ezijikeleze impumlo yakho.
• Umhlathi: Ngamanye amaxesha olu hlobo lokukhula lunokwenzeka nakwithambo lomhlathi.
• Iminwe neenzwane: Ezi zinokukhula nakwiindawo ezidityanisiweyo zeminwe okanye iinzwane.

Kukho iintlobo ezithile ze-``(Exostosis)`` ezibizwa ngoogqirha ngamagama athile. Makhe sijonge ezinye zazo ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe, akunjalo?

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-``(Exostosis)`` ezixoxwa ngazo

• Indlebe yomchweli: Eli ligama elinikwa ukukhula kwamathambo ngaphakathi komjelo wendlebe elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Exostosis". Abantu abanale meko banamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo lwendlebe. Oku kungenxa yokuba oku kukhula kwamathambo okongezelelweyo kunokuvala umjelo wendlebe xa amanzi engena ngaphakathi. Kwezinye iimeko, "indlebe yomchweli" inokubangela nokulahlekelwa kukuva. Le meko ibizwa njalo kuba ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadada emanzini abandayo okanye abashushu.

• Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund: Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi ligama elingaqhelekanga, kodwa yi-exostosis nje ekhula ngasemva kwethambo lesithende sakho (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-calcaneus), apho i-Achilles tendon yakho (i-tendon enkulu ebaleka ukusuka phezulu kwesithende sakho ukuya emathanjeni akho) inamathela ethanjeni. Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund kunokubangela intlungu esithendeni. Le ntlungu inokuba buhlungu ngakumbi xa unxiba izihlangu eziqinileyo ngasemva kwesithende. Abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"pump bump" kuba ibonakala xa unxiba izithende eziphakamileyo ezithile.

• I-subungual exostosis: Oku kwenzeka kwithambo elingaphantsi kozipho lomnwe okanye uzwane lwakho. Oko kukuthi, phantsi kwebhedi yeenzipho. Oku kunokubangela ukuba uzipho luphume luye phezulu, okanye kunokubangela intlungu ejikeleze uzipho.

• I-Paranasal sinus exostosis: Njengoko igama lisitsho, ezi zikhula emathanjeni ngaphakathi kwimingxunya ye-sinus ejikeleze impumlo. Zinokubangela ukuxinana kwempumlo kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.

• Ii-bone spurs: Ezi zikwaluhlobo lwe-exostosis. Oogqirha bazibiza ngokuba zii-osteophytes. Ezi thambo spurs zikhula kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Zihlala zibonakala zijikeleze amalungu (apho amathambo amabini okanye ngaphezulu adibana khona). Zinokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezifana ne-osteoarthritis.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko (i-Exostosis)?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angakhula abe ``(Exostosis)''. Nangona kunjalo, zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci. Isizathu soku kukuba kuloo minyaka, amathambo abo akhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye akakakhuli ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke, ngexesha laloo nkqubo yokukhula, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba kubekho la mathambo ongezelelweyo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-``(Exostosis)``?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwe-exostosis alubangeli zimpawu. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo. Isenokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha le-X-ray okanye uvavanyo lomzimba ngugqirha.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho iimpawu, zinokuba ngolu hlobo:

• I-Exostosis: Intlungu kwindawo apho i-exostosis ivele khona.
• Ukuba ikhula phezu okanye kufutshane nelungu (umzekelo, isinqe, idolo, iqatha, umnwe, okanye uzwane), kuya kubakho ukuqina okanye intlungu xa kushukunyiswa elo lungu.
• Ukuba oku kuye kwakha kwi-sinus cavity, impumlo iya kuziva ixinene kwaye inzima.
• Ukuba une "ndlebe kaSurfer", usenokuba nokulahlekelwa kukuva. Usenokuba nosulelo lwendlebe rhoqo kuba ithambo elongezelelweyo lenza kube lula ukuba amanzi avaleleke ngaphakathi endlebeni, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule.

Khawucinge nje, xa ubaleka kwaye utsiba, ngequbuliso uziva intlungu encinci eqakaleni lakho, kwaye kuvakala ngathi sisigaqana esincinci esandleni sakho. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kusenokuba yi-``(Exostosis)''.

Zithini izizathu ze-`(Exostosis)`?

Ezinye ``(Exostosis)`` zikhula ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. Oogqirha bazibiza ngokuba ``(idiopathic)``, oko kuthetha ukuba "akukho sizathu saziwayo."

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili ezinegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwe-`(Exostosis):`

• Ukwenzakala: Xa ithambo lonakele ngandlela ithile, ngamanye amaxesha linokukhula ngendlela engalunganga, lenze iqhekeza lethambo elingaphezulu elibizwa ngokuba yi-"Exostosis." Khawuthelekelele usiwa uze utyumze ithambo engalweni yakho. Xa liphola, iqhuma elincinci elongezelelweyo lisenokwakheka kwindawo yeqhuma.
• Iimeko zempilo: Ezinye izifo, ezifana ne-osteoarthritis kunye ne-spinal stenosis, zinokubangela uxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo emathanjeni. Xa olu xinzelelo luqhubeka ixesha elide kwaye lubangela umonakalo, i-exostosis inokukhula ngenxa yoko.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba abazali bakho bakhe baba ne-exostosis, usenokuba namathuba amancinci okuba nayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba kukho utyekelo lwemfuza.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-``(Exostosis)``? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-exostosis, ugqirha angakuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo. Zimbini iindlela eziphambili ezisetyenziswayo koku: uvavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lomfanekiso.

Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kujonga iqhuma elisemzimbeni wakho, alive, aze akubuze ngazo naziphi na iimpawu onazo.

Emva koko, baya kuyalela uvavanyo lomfanekiso ukuze babone ukukhula kwamathambo kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo ngokucacileyo. Oku kungabandakanya olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

• Ii-X-reyi: Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yokuqala eyenziwayo. I-X-reyi ingabonisa amathambo ngokucacileyo, ngoko ke ingasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba kukho i-exostosis na kwaye inkulu kangakanani.
• I-CT scan: Oku kunokuvelisa umfanekiso oneenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune-X-ray. Kunceda ukubona izinto ezifana nokuma kwethambo kunye nolwalamano lwalo nezicubu ezijikelezileyo.
• I-MRI scan: Oku kunokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo kungekuphela nje ngamathambo, kodwa nakwizicwili ezithambileyo eziwajikelezileyo (ezifana nezihlunu kunye nemisipha).

Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha angakuxelela ngqo ukuba ngaba une-exostosis okanye enye into.

Indlela yokunyanga i-``(Exostosis)``?

Unyango lwe-exostosis luxhomekeke ekubeni ikuphi emzimbeni wakho kunye neempawu ozifumanayo.

Ezinye '(i-Exostosis)' azifuni naluphi na unyango. Ewe, ungamangaliswa. Kodwa yinyani. Ukuba akukho ntlungu okanye ukungakhululeki, uninzi lwexesha ugqirha uya kuthi, "Kulungile, makhe sibone."

Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu nokudumba, ungafumana isiqabu ngee-pain medics ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwe-counter (ii-OTC NSAIDs, ezifana ne-ibuprofen). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthatha ezi ntlungu iintsuku ezingaphezu kweshumi ngexesha, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kuqala.

Abantu abaneengxaki ezifana nokukhubazeka kukaHaglund banokufumana isiqabu ngokunxiba izihlangu ezahluke kancinci ezingafaki uxinzelelo kwisithende. Oko kukuthi, kungcono ukukhetha izihlangu ezingaqini kakhulu kwaye ezinesithende esithambileyo.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-exostosis zifuna utyando. Umzekelo, ukuba unendlebe eqhaqhwayo, ebangela usulelo lwendlebe rhoqo okanye ukulahlekelwa kukuva okukhulu , ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokususa ithambo elongezelelweyo. Ngokufanayo, ukuba i-subungual exostosis ibangela umonakalo kwizipho kwaye ibangela iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, inokususwa ngotyando. Ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha uza kukuchazela inkqubo, kuquka ukuba iza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, kwaye iza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphola.

Ukuba ndine ``(Exostosis)'', ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Akukho nto idla ngokuba nexhala malunga nokuba ne-``(Exostosis)''. Ungalindela ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo. Nokuba isuswe ngotyando, akunakwenzeka ukuba kubekho naziphi na iimpawu ezihlala ixesha elide.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo ze-exostosis – ingakumbi indlebe ye-surfer – zinethuba elincinci lokukhula kwakhona emva kokususwa. Ke ngoko, ukuba uziva ngathi uneqhubu okanye ukukhula okunje kwakhona, kulungile ukubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela ukwakheka kwe-``(Exostosis)''?

Ngelishwa, akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela ukwakheka kwe-exostosis.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneemeko ezifana ne-arthritis okanye i-spinal stenosis, kubalulekile ukulawula ezo mpawu kakuhle. Ukwenza njalo kunokunciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko kunye nomonakalo emathanjeni akho kunye nokukhula kwe-exostosis.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo: Ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha okanye ithumba emzimbeni wakho, nokuba lisethanjeni okanye kufutshane nalo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugqirha ayihlole aze afumanise ukuba ingaba yi-"Exostosis" okanye yinto enzulu ngakumbi (njengethumba elinomhlaza elifana ne-"Sarcoma").

I-Exostosis ayingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kububulumko ukuba ugqirha ahlole naluphi na uhlobo lokukhula olutsha okanye iqhuma ngokukhawuleza. Emva koko ungaqiniseka, akunjalo?

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ingaba ndine-"Exostosis" okanye olunye uhlobo lokukhula?
• Luhlobo luni lwe-`(Exostosis)` endinalo? (Umzekelo: `(Indlebe kaSurfer)`, `(Ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund)`)
• Yintoni enokuba ngunobangela wale ``(Exostosis)''?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna utyando ukuze ndisuse oku?
• Ndingenza ntoni ekhaya ukulawula iimpawu zam? (umz., izithomalalisi zentlungu, ukutshintsha izihlangu)

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`(Exostosis)`, `(Sarcoma)`, `(Osteoma)`, kunye ne-`(Osteochondroma)`?

La magama asenokubonakala edida kancinci ukuwava. Kodwa masiyigcine ilula. Zonke ezi ziintlobo "zeethumba."

• Umahluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kunye ne-(Sarcoma):

Umahluko omkhulu nobaluleke kakhulu kukuba ``(Exostosis)`` ayize ibe ngumhlaza.

I-Sarcoma sisimila esingaqhelekanga kodwa esinobungozi esikhula emathanjeni nakwizicwili ezijikelezileyo. I-Sarcoma ibangelwa kukutshintsha (ukuguqulwa) kwi-DNA yeeseli zamathambo okanye zezicubu ezingavuthwanga. Ezinye zezi nguqu ze-DNA zibangela ukuba ezo seli zibe ngumhlaza.

Yiyo loo nto besitshilo ngaphambili ukuba ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha ethanjeni, ingakumbi ukuba libuhlungu, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Nangona i-exostosis ingeyomhlaza, ii-tumor eziyingozi ngakumbi ezifana ne-sarcoma zinokuvela kwiindawo ezifanayo, kwaye iimpawu zokuqala zinokufana.

• Umahluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kunye ne-(Osteoma):

I-osteoma ye-osteoid (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-osteoma) luhlobo lwethumba lamathambo elingelomhlaza.

Ezi zifana kakhulu ne-`(Exostosis)`. Nangona kunjalo, i-`(Osteoid osteoma)` idla ngokukhula emathanjeni amade (njengamathambo amade emilenzeni nasezingalweni). Zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwemi-5 nama-25 ubudala. Zidla ngokubangela iintlungu ezibuhlungu ezivela nzulu emzimbeni, kwaye ezi ntlungu ziba mandundu kakhulu ebusuku.

• Umahluko phakathi kwe-(Exostosis) kunye ne-(Osteochondroma):

Xa kuvela i-exostosis kwindawo yethambo egqunywe yi-cartilage (ithambo elithambileyo neliguquguqukayo elifumaneka kumalungu ethu, ezindlebeni, nasempumlweni), ibizwa ngokuba yi-osteochondroma. Zombini zii-tumor zamathambo ezingezizo umhlaza. I-Osteochondroma idla ngokuvela ekupheleni kwamathambo amade ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala abancinci. Zihlala zibonakala kwiiplati zokukhula zabantwana (i-cartilage enceda amathambo akhule aze kamva abe yithambo eliqinileyo).

Ii-osteochondroma ezikhula zodwa zibizwa ngokuba zii-osteochondromas ezizimeleyo. Abanye abantwana banokuba nee-osteochondromas ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa yimeko yelifa ebizwa ngokuba zii-osteochondromas ezininzi zelifa.

Ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha phezu okanye kufutshane nethambo emzimbeni womntwana wakho, ingakumbi ukuba iqhuma libuhlungu, bona ugqirha.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa ufumanisa ukuba uneqhuma emzimbeni wakho. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokoyika `(Exostosis)`. Kuba, azingomhlaza. Enyanisweni, ukuba `(Exostosis)` yakho ayikubangeli ntlungu okanye ukungakhululeki, usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango. Nokuba isusiwe ngotyando, ungaphila ngokupheleleyo kwaye ungabi namiphumo yexesha elide.

Kodwa, musa ukulibala ezi zinto:

• Ukuba ubona iqhuma elitsha okanye ukukhula kwithambo okanye kufutshane nalo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kubalulekile ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yi-"exostosis" okanye enye imeko, mhlawumbi enzulu ngakumbi.
• I-Exostosis ayingomhlaza, ngoko ke ungakhathazeki ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba akukho zimpawu, unyango alufuneki.
• Nangona unyango lufuneka, iziphumo eziphumelelayo zinokufumaneka.

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi lube luncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

i- exostosis, ithumba lamathambo, ukukhula kwamathambo, indlebe yomtshizi, ukukhubazeka kukaHaglund, ithambo eliqhumayo, ithumba elingengomhlaza