Ngaba nawe unamawele? (Ukukhulelwa okuninzi) Masithethe ngayo yonke into!

Ukuba ugqirha wakho uthe ngequbuliso, "Ndibona iintliziyo ezimbini ezincinci zibetha apha," ngexesha le-ultrasound scan, ubuya kuziva njani? Ukumangaliswa, uvuyo, mhlawumbi uloyiko oluncinci kunye nochulumanco... Kuqhelekile ukuziva zonke ezi zinto ngaxeshanye. Ukuba nabantwana ababini okanye abathathu endaweni yomntwana omnye kuthetha ukuba uvuyo luphindaphindwe kabini, kodwa oko kuza noxanduva kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzazi. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngayo yonke into malunga neli xesha lokukhulelwa xa uneamawele okanye abantwana abaninzi (Ukukhulelwa Okuninzi).

Yintoni 'ukukhulelwa okuninzi'?

Ngamafutshane, 'ukukhulelwa okuninzi' kuthetha ukuba nabantwana abangaphezu komnye esibelekweni sakho, oko kuthetha ukuba abantwana ababini, abathathu, okanye nangaphezulu bakhula ngaxeshanye.

• Amawele: Ukukhulelwa kwabantwana ababini ngexesha lokukhulelwa okufanayo.
• Ii-triplets: Ukukhulelwa kweentsana ezintathu ngexesha lokukhulelwa okufanayo.

Ngale ndlela, xa ukhulelwe abantwana abaninzi, ixesha lokukhulelwa linokuba yingozi ngakumbi kunokuba ukhulelwe umntwana omnye kuphela. Kodwa akukho mfuneko yokoyika loo nto. Ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo kwaye uhlala usempilweni, ungaligqiba eli xesha ngempumelelo.

Amawele azalwa njani ngolu hlobo?

Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zokukhulelwa amawele. Ezi ndlela zimbini zezo sizibiza ngokuba "ngamawele afanayo" okanye "amawele azalwa kunye."

1. Ukuqhekeka kweqanda elinye eliqhagamshelweyo: Oku kwenzeka xa iqanda elinye liqhagamshelwe sisidoda esinye kwaye i-embryo ephumayo yahlulwe ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini (okanye ezingaphezulu) ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe kwisibeleko. Iintsana ezikhula ngale ndlela zinolwazi olufana ngokupheleleyo nolwemfuza.

2. Amaqanda amabini ahlukeneyo ayaqhama: Oku kwenzeka xa amaqanda angaphezu kwelinye (umz. amaqanda amabini) ekhutshwa kwisibeleko sikamama ngaxeshanye, kwaye loo maqanda mabini aqhama ngamadlozi amabini ahlukeneyo. Ulwazi lwemfuza lwaba bantwana lwahlukile.

Masiqonde umahluko phakathi kwamawele azelwe esebenzisa ezi ndlela zimbini ngokucacileyo.

Xa kukhulelwa amawele amathathu okanye ngaphezulu, abantwana banokufana bonke, bonke babe ngabazalwana, okanye badityaniswe bobabini.

Zeziphi izinto ezandisa amathuba okuba namawele?

Ngokubanzi, nabani na unokuba namawele, kodwa kukho izinto ezithile eziyandisa kancinci eli thuba.

• Ubudala: Abafazi abakwiminyaka yabo engama-30 banamathuba amaninzi okukhupha amaqanda angaphezu kwelinye ngexesha. Ngoko ke ukuba amaqanda amabini akhutshwa, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba namawele angamaqabane.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho amawele kusapho lwakho, ingakumbi kwicala likamama wakho, nawe unamathuba amaninzi okuba namawele.
• Unyango Lokuzala: Ezinye iindlela zonyango zokuzala zinokubangela ukuba amaqanda amaninzi akhutshwe kwii-ovari ngaxeshanye. Kwakhona, unyango olufana ne-IVF (In Vitro Fertilization) lunokunyusa amathuba okuba namawele ngokudlulisela ii-embryo ezingaphezu kwesinye kwisibeleko ukuze kwandiswe izinga lempumelelo.
• Ubude nobunzima: Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba abafazi abade kunomndilili okanye abane-body mass index ephezulu (BMI) banamathuba amancinci okuba namawele.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zokuba unamawele?

Enyanisweni, indlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ukuba bangaphi abantwana obazalayo kukwenza i-ultrasound scan. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuba nzima ngakumbi kunokuba unomntwana omnye kuphela.

• Ukurhawuzelela rhoqo kusasa: Ukugabha kunye nokucaphuka kunokuba nzima kakhulu ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu eehomoni.
• Ukunyuka kobunzima ngokukhawuleza kwikota yokuqala.
• Ukwanda kwentlungu kunye nokuziva ukhululekile emabeleni.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu ehomoni ethi `hCG` (i-human chorionic gonadotrophin) egazini nasemchameni.
• Ukuva ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaphezu kwesinye xa ugqirha emamele ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana (i-fetal Doppler scan).

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa umntu ekhulelwe amawele?

Iingxaki zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha lokukhulelwa. Kodwa xa ukhulelwe amawele okanye ngaphezulu, oogqirha bacinga ukuba ukukhulelwa "kuyingozi enkulu." Kungenxa yokuba amathuba okuba neengxaki aphezulu kancinci kunaxa unomntwana omnye. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. "Umngcipheko ophezulu" akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nengxaki. Kuthetha nje ukuba oogqirha baza kukubeka esweni wena nomntwana wakho ngokusondeleyo nangokuphindaphindiweyo .

Nazi ezinye zezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo:

• Ukuzala ngaphambi kwexesha: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo ebonwayo ekukhulelweni kwamawele. Injongo idla ngokuba kukugqiba iiveki ezingama-37. Ukuba abantwana bazalwa ngaphambi koko, banokuba nobunzima obuphantsi kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye ne-Preeclampsia: Oomama abanamawele basengozini enkulu yokuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa . Ukuba ayinyangwa, le meko inokuba yimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Preeclampsia."
• Isifo Seswekile Sokukhulelwa: Umngcipheko wale meko uphezulu ngenxa yokwanda kweehomoni ezikhutshwa yi-placenta.
• Ukuqhekeka kwePlacenta: Oku kwenzeka xa i-placenta yahlukana nodonga lwesibeleko ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.
• Uthintelo Lokukhula Kwemveku (IUGR): Umntwana omnye okanye bonke abakhuli ngesantya esifanelekileyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba abantwana bazalwe benobunzima obuphantsi.

Iingxaki ezithile kumawele afanayo

Ukuba amawele afanayo ane-placenta efanayo (i-monochorionic), anokufumana iingxaki ezininzi ezichaphazela wona.

• I-Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS): Oku kwenzeka xa igazi elininzi lidlula ukusuka kumntwana omnye ukuya komnye ngemithambo yegazi ekwi-placenta. Oku kubangela ukuba umntwana omnye angafumani igazi elaneleyo kunye nezondlo, ngelixa omnye umntwana efumana kakhulu. Oku kunokuba yingozi kubo bobabini abantwana.
• I-Twin Anemia Polycythemia Sequence (TAPS): Le yimeko efana ne-``(TTTS)``. Kule meko, umntwana omnye unesifo se-anemia (umlinganiselo wegazi ophantsi) ngelixa omnye umntwana eneeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingaphezulu egazini lakhe.
• I-IUGR ekhethiweyo: Umntwana omnye ukhula kakuhle ngelixa omnye umntwana ekhula kancinci kakhulu.

Ugqirha ujonga zonke ezi meko nge-ultrasound scan aze azithumele kunyango olufunekayo.

Ngaba kuyimfuneko ukwenza utyando (C-section) xa ukhulelwe amawele?

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba kwenziwe njalo, kodwa kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba utyando lwebele lunokwenzeka ngakumbi xa kuzalwa amawele.

• Amaxesha amaninzi, zombini iintsana azikho kwindawo efanelekileyo ( intloko ijonge ezantsi) xa ziza kuzalwa.
• Ukuzala okuqhelekileyo kunokuba yingozi kumama okanye kumntwana ngenxa yeengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Njengoko usondela kumhla wakho wokuzalwa, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxilonga aze axoxe nawe ngendlela ekhuselekileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.

Ungazigcina njani usempilweni kulo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa?

Ukuba namawele kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ucinge kabini ngomzimba wakho.

• Isondlo: Udinga isondlo esingaphezulu kunomama ongatshatanga. Ngokwesiqhelo, usana olunye ludinga malunga neekhalori ezingama-300 ezongezelelweyo ngosuku. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba uthwele amawele, udinga malunga neekhalori ezingama-600 ezongezelelweyo ngosuku. Yitya ukutya okuninzi okuneproteni, imifuno kunye neziqhamo. Kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi imini yonke.
• Phumla: Uza kuziva udiniwe kakhulu. Ngoko ke phumla kangangoko unako. Lala kancinci emini. Ukuba imilenze yakho idumbile, yigcine iphakanyisiwe.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezonyango: Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwaye wenze iiskeni rhoqo kunomama onomntwana omnye. Ungaphoswa nakweyiphi na kwezi kliniki kwaye uye rhoqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho nolomntwana wakho.
• Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga kulungile, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho ngako. Ukuzilolonga okulula njengokudada nokuhamba kudla ngokuba kuhle. Kodwa bubulumko ukuhlala kude nokuzilolonga okunzima njengokubaleka nokutsiba.