Ngaba wakha wambona umntwana wakho ezama ukuthabatha into yokudlala encinci? Okanye indlela abazama ngayo ukuqhobosha ihempe yabo okanye ukubopha imitya yezihlangu zabo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngamandla amangalisayo nantsonkothileyo asemva kwale misebenzi ilula esiyenza rhoqo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba zizakhono zokunyakaza ezicokisekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi zakhono zintle zemoto?
Ngamafutshane, oku kubhekisa kwiintshukumo ezintle, ezichanekileyo, nezilawulwayo esizenzayo ngezandla zethu, iminwe, iinzwane, kunye neenzwane. Xa sithetha ngale nto, sihlala sicinga ngezandla kunye neminwe. Njengokusebenzisa umnwe wakho wokukhomba kunye nobhontsi ukuchola into encinci.
Kodwa oku akuyonto ingaqhelekanga. Le yinkqubo enzima kakhulu. Ingqondo yethu, imithambo-luvo, izihlunu, kunye namalungu onke asebenza kunye, njengeqela lomculo, kwaye asebenza ngokulungelelaniswa okupheleleyo ukwenza ezi ntshukumo zincinci.
Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kolu lawulo lwemoto luhle:
- Ukuqonda nokucwangcisa: Ukucinga ngento ethile ngaphambi kokuba uyenze kunye nokuceba iintshukumo ezifunekayo engqondweni yakho.
- Ukulungelelanisa: Ukuba nonxibelelwano oluhle phakathi kwamehlo, ingqondo kunye nemisipha.
- Amandla emisipha: Izihlunu ezincinci kwiminwe nasezandleni zomelele ngokwaneleyo.
- Imvakalelo ngokubanzi: Imvakalelo entle yokuchukumisa ezandleni nakwiminwe.
- Ukuchaneka/Ubuchule: Ukukwazi ukwenza into efunekayo ngokuchanekileyo nangokucocekileyo.
Iingxaki zezakhono zomzimba ezisemgangathweni zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha. Kodwa njengoogqirha, sinikela ingqalelo kakhulu koku xa sithetha ngophuhliso lomntwana . Kukho iindawo ezine eziphambili zophuhliso lomntwana. Ezi zakhono zomzimba zisemgangathweni zezokuqala.
1. Uphuhliso lomzimba
2. Uphuhliso lwengqondo
3. Uphuhliso lolwimi
4. Uphuhliso lwentlalo nolweemvakalelo
Sijonga ngokusondeleyo uphuhliso lomntwana ukuze sibone ukuba ezi zakhono zikhula ngeminyaka efanelekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo na. Kuba ukulibaziseka kwezi zakhono ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba luphawu lwemeko ethile yengqondo okanye yomzimba. Ngoko ke , okukhona sifumanisa into efana naleyo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona sinokufumana uncedo olufunekayo kumntwana ngokukhawuleza.
Kutheni ezi zakhono zibaluleke kangaka?
Khawucinge nje... Ubomi bethu bebuya kuba njani ukuba besingenazo ezi zakhono zintle zokunyakaza? Ukususela ekuhlambeni amazinyo kusasa, ukuya ekutyeni irayisi, ukwenza ikomityi yekofu, ukunxiba ihempe, ukuthumela umyalezo kwifowuni yethu, siyawudinga lo mandla phantse kuyo yonke into esiyenzayo.
Ezi zakhono zibalulekile ekuzimeleni kwethu nasekuzinyamekeleni . Zikwayimfuneko nakwizinto esizenzayo ukuze sonwabe, njengokudlala isixhobo somculo, ukuzoba, okanye ukudlala imidlalo yekhompyutha.
Kumntwana, oku kubalulekile kumsebenzi wesikolo. Olu buchule lubalulekile kwizinto ezifana nokubamba ipensile nokubhala, ukusika ngesikere, nokuzoba. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa imisebenzi emininzi esiyenzayo njengabantu abadala ikwafuna olu buchule. Cinga ngomntu osebenzisa ikhompyutha, ugqirha wotyando, okanye ingcali esebenza ngezixhobo ezibuthathaka.
Zeziphi izakhono zeMoto eziLungileyo esizisebenzisayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla?
Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ingezantsi ukuze sibone imisebenzi esiyenzayo yonke imihla kunye nendlela eyidinga ngayo le khono.
| Umsebenzi | Indlela yokusebenzisa izakhono zemoto ezintle |
|---|---|
| Ukubamba ipensile okanye ipeni nokubhala/ukudweba | Ukubamba ipensile ngokuchanekileyo ngeminwe uze uyishukumise ngolawulo. |
| Ukusika into ngesikere | Ukulawula izikere ngesandla esinye, kunye nokuphatha iphepha ngesinye. |
| Ukuqhobosha/Ukuzipha | Ubambe iqhosha elincinci, usebenzisa iminwe yakho ukuze ulifake emngxunyeni. |
| Ukutya ngecephe okanye ifolokhwe | Ukubamba icephe ngokuchanekileyo uze uzise ukutya emlonyeni. |
| Ukuthayipha kwikhibhodi yekhompyutha | Ukuhambisa umnwe ngamnye ngokwahlukeneyo, ukuwubeka kwisitshixo esichanekileyo. |
| Ukubopha imitya yezihlangu | Sebenzisa izandla zombini kunye, bamba imitya uze ubophe iqhina elintsonkothileyo. |
Indlela izakhono zomntwana zokunyakaza eziphuhla ngayo ngokweminyaka (Iimpawu zophuhliso)
Ngexesha lokukhula komntwana, izakhono ezithile ziyakhula xa eneminyaka ethile. Sizibiza ngokuba 'ziiMigqaliselo zoPhuhliso'. Kodwa khumbula oku, ayingabo bonke abantwana abafanayo . Abanye abantwana banokuthatha ixesha elide ukufezekisa ezi zinto. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa oku kuya kukunceda ufumane ingcamango ecacileyo.
| Ubudala | Izakhono ezilindelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Iinyanga ezi-0 ukuya kwezi-3 | I-Grasp reflex, ukusondeza isandla emlonyeni xa into ibekwe esandleni. |
| Iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 | Ukuhlanganisa izandla, ukuxhoma amathoyizi, ukubamba nokushukumisa ithoyizi. |
| Iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 | Ukudlulisela into ukusuka kwesinye isandla ukuya kwesinye, uchola izinto ezincinci ngomnwe wokukhomba nobhontsi (ukubamba nge-pincer). |
| Iminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwemi-2 | Ukubeka iibhloko ezininzi phezu kwenye, ukujika amaphepha encwadi, ukubamba ikhrayoni nokuzoba imigca. |
| Iminyaka emi-2 ukuya kwemi-3 | Ukuzama ukuncamathisela iintsimbi ezinkulu, ukuzama ukujika nokukhulula izinto ezifana nesigqubuthelo sebhotile yamanzi. |
| Iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 | Ukusika iphepha ngesikere, ukubamba ipensile ngokuchanekileyo ngeminwe emithathu, kunye nokucinezela amaqhosha. |
Singamnceda njani umntwana wethu ukuba aphuhlise ezi zakhono?
Enyanisweni, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphuhlisa izakhono zomntwana zokunyakaza kakuhle kukumvumela adlale . Ngelixa edlala, umntwana uqhelisela ezi zakhono ngaphandle kokuqaphela. Ungenza izinto ezilula ezinje kunye nomntwana wakho.
Kwabantwana abancinci/abancinci
- Izinto zokudlala zePlay-doh (zodongwe): Ukwenza iibhola ezincinci ngePlay-doh, ukuzityumza, nokwenza imiqulu emide ngumthambo olungileyo kwiminwe.
- Ukudlala ngeeBloko: Ukwakha iinqaba ngokubeka iibhloko ezinkulu phezu kwenye kwaye ukuzibamba kuphuhlisa ubuchule besandla.
- Ukudlala ngamanzi: Faka amanzi esityeni, unike isiponji uze usivumele sikrwitshwe. Kukwalungile nokugalela amanzi ezikomityini.
- Ukupeyinta iminwe: Le yinto abantwana abayonwabela kakhulu ukuyenza. Inika iminwe imvakalelo entle kunye nolawulo oluhle.
Kwabantwana abasaqalayo ukuya esikolweni
- Ukubhida: Banike iibhida ezinemingxuma emikhulu kunye nomtya otyebileyo uze uzibophe. Oku kunceda ekuphuhliseni ukulungelelaniswa kwesandla namehlo.
- Ukusika ngesikere: Nika abantwana izikere zokhuseleko uze ubavumele basike ecaleni kwephepha elinemigca. Ziqhelise ukusika imigca elula kuqala, uze emva koko wenze imilo efana nezangqa nezikwere.
- Izinto zokudlala zeLego: Ukuhlanganisa nokuqhekeza iziqwenga ezincinci zeLego kulungele kakhulu amandla eminwe kunye nokuchaneka.
- Nceda ekuphekeni: Bandakanya umntwana wakho kwimisebenzi elula efana nokuxova intlama ye-chapati okanye ukunqunqa imifuno ngesandla.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunganyanzelisi ezi zinto kumntwana, kukumvumela ukuba azenze njengomdlalo, ngolonwabo.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezinokuchaphazela izakhono zomzimba ezichanekileyo?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, nayiphi na ingxaki echaphazela ingqondo, umqolo, imithambo-luvo, izihlunu, okanye amalungu omzimba inokuchaphazela ezi zakhono zintle zokunyakaza. Isiphumo sinokuqala kancinci ukuya kutsho kubunzima. Kungathatha ixesha elide ukucofa iqhosha, okanye kusenokungenzeki konke konke.
Kukho amakhulu eemeko ezinokubangela oku. Ezinye zazo zinokunyangwa okanye zilawulwe ngonyango. Ezinye zazo zinokubangela iingxaki ezingapheliyo.
Ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni zezi:
- Ingxaki ye-Autism Spectrum
- Umvakalelo yokitazo
- Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso
- I-Down Syndrome
- Ubunzima bokubhala (i-Dysgraphia)
- Ingxaki Yokucubungula Imvakalelo
Iimeko ezichaphazela abantu abadala nabantwana:
- Iimeko zofuzo
- Ithumba lobuchopho
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemisipha
- Ukulimala kwamathambo, amalungu, okanye imithambo-luvo
- Istroke
- Ukulimala Kwengqondo Okubuhlungu
Iimeko eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabantu abadala:
- Irheumatoid arthritis
- Isifo seCarpal Tunnel
- Isifo sikaParkinson
- Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo
- I-Peripheral Neuropathy (isifo semithambo-luvo esichaphazela izandla neenyawo)
Ndingenza ntoni xa kukho ingxaki? Ndingambona nini ugqirha?
Kunokuba yinto ephazamisayo ekuqaleni ukwazi ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninengxaki ngezi zakhono zintle zokunyakaza. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba kukho iindlela ezininzi kunye nezixhobo zokuziqhelanisa nezi ngxaki nokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ibe lula.
Kukho ingcali enokukunceda ngale nto. Yingcali yezonyango ezisebenza ngomzimba. Banceda abantu bayo yonke iminyaka ukuphucula amandla abo okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela nangokulula. Baza kukufundisa imithambo, imisebenzi kunye nezixhobo ezikhethekileyo onokuzisebenzisa ekhaya.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha ngayo ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho ingxaki.
Ufanele udibane nini nogqirha wakho:
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho akafikeleli kwinqanaba lokukhula elifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe , musa ukoyika uze uthethe nogqirha wakho wezingane ngale nto. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo aze akunike iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nilahlekelwa ngequbuliso sisakhono ababesinobuchule kuso (regression) , oko kuthetha ukuba abasakwazi ukwenza into ababenobuchule kuyo ngaphambili, yimeko ekufuneka ixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko , kuba inokuba luphawu lwemeko embi efihlakeleyo.
Khumbula, ezi zakhono zintle zokunyakaza komzimba zizinto ezikhula kancinci kancinci ukususela ekuzalweni. Ezi zakhono zikhula ngokuvumela umntwana ukuba adlale aze ahlole imeko-bume. Njengabazali, singongeza eminye imisebenzi elula neyonwabisayo enceda koku. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izakhono zomzimba ezichanekileyo zibalulekile ekwenzeni imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla nasekuphileni ngokuzimela.
- Wonke umntwana ukhula ngesantya sakhe, ngoko ke kuphephe ukumthelekisa nabanye abantwana. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela amanyathelo aqhelekileyo okukhula.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphuhlisa ezi zakhono kumntwana kukumbandakanya kwimidlalo elula neyonwabisayo efana nePlay-doh, iibhloko, kunye nokubetha.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho okanye ukulahlekelwa ngamandla ngequbuliso, qhagamshelana nogqirha wabantwana bakho ngokukhawuleza.
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