Ifoto yangasemva kwamehlo akho? (I-Fundus Photography) Masifunde ukuba yintoni kanye kanye!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ugqirha wamehlo ujonga njani izinto ezincinci, kodwa ezibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi kwamehlo ethu? Ngamanye amaxesha bafaka amayeza emehlweni baze benze iliso elimnyama libonakale likhulu, akunjalo? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela ethatha ifoto yomva weliso, 'i-fundus'. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"Fundus Photography" .

Yintoni iFundus Photography?

Ngamafutshane, olu ``(Fundus Photography)`` kuxa ingcali yakho yamehlo ithatha umfanekiso wodonga olungasemva lweliso lakho, oluyinxalenye esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'fundus'. Ngokujonga le mifanekiso, ugqirha unokuhlola iindawo ezininzi zeliso ezibaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni kwakho. Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungangenisi ntsholongwane.

Zeziphi iindawo ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kweliso?

Kukho izakhiwo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi nangasemva kwamehlo ethu. Kufana nasendlwini yethu, yonke into inendawo yayo. Cinga ngayo, ezi zezona ndawo ziphambili:

• I-Retina: Le yilaphu equlethe iiseli ezibona ukukhanya, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-photoreceptors. Ezi seli zithumela imiqondiso engqondweni malunga nokukhanya ezikubonayo. Ingqondo isebenzisa ezi mpawu ukudala umfanekiso omkhulu "owubonayo."
• I-Macula: Le yeyona ndawo ibuthathaka kakhulu kwi-retina yakho. Iqulethe ii-photoreceptors ezikunceda ubone imibala kunye neenkcukacha ezincinci. Ifana nekhamera ye-HD! Xa ufunda incwadi, i-macula ikunceda ubone umbhalo ngokucacileyo.
• I-Optic Nerve: Oku kufana 'ne-data cable' edibanisa i-retina yakho nengqondo yakho. Izifo ezininzi zamehlo zinokuchaphazela inxalenye yale mithambo-luvo edibanisa neliso.
• I-Choroid: Le layer ingaphantsi kwe-retina yakho. Iyinxalenye yomaleko ophakathi wodonga olujikeleze iliso lakho olubizwa ngokuba yi-uvea. Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwi-retina yakho ikwi-choroid.

Olu vavanyo lokufota nge-fundus lwenziwa nini?

Olu vavanyo lwe-"Fundus Photography" lunokwenziwa njengenxalenye ye-"Routine Eye Exam" yakho. Okanye, ukuba uneempawu zamehlo okanye utshintsho ekuboneni, lusetyenziswa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwamehlo olukhethekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela. Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olufana nolu lunceda ekufumaneni iimpawu ezithile zezifo zamehlo.

Khawucinge nje, kukwiimeko ezinje apho oogqirha badla ngokuthatha isigqibo sokwenza olu vavanyo lwe-"(Fundus Photography)":

• Izifo ze-retina ezifana ne-retinopathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile okanye i-retinopathy ye-hypertension.
• Ukwenzakala okanye umonakalo kwi-retina, njengokukrazuka okanye ukuqhekeka.
• Utshintsho oluthile kwi-retina, olufana nokuwohloka kwe-macular okanye ukulahleka kombono wombala.
• I-Uveitis yimeko yokuvuvukala echaphazela i-retina okanye i-choroid.
• Iimeko zemithambo-luvo yamehlo ezifana ne-optic atrophy kunye ne-papilledema.
• Utshintsho okanye umonakalo kwi-retina kunye/okanye kwi-optic nerve ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-glaucoma.
• Izizathu zamabala amnyama (iiScotomas) ekuboneni okanye kwiziphene zentsimi yokubona.
• Umhlaza wamehlo kunye nezimila ezingezizo zomhlaza (ezingenobungozi), ezifana 'ne-retinoblastoma'.
• Iintsholongwane ezenzeka ngaphakathi kweliso, ezifana ne-toxoplasmosis.

Isebenza njani iFundus Photography?

Olu vavanyo lwe-``(Fundus Photography)`` lwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-``(Fundus Camera)``. Uninzi lweekliniki zamehlo lunesinye sezi zixhobo zikhethekileyo. Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba ezi khamera zibukeka njani.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeekhamera ze-fundus:

Iikhamera zeFundus eziQhelekileyo

Esi sixhobo sijongeka njengetyhubhu yeteleskopu. Kwelinye icala, kukho ifreyimu yokubamba isilevu sakho nebunzi, kwelinye icala, kukho ilensi encinci ukuze ugqirha ayibone, kwaye kukho amaqhosha okulawula. Ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezilungileyo kwezi khamera, ugqirha uza kufaka amaconsi avulekayo emehlweni akho ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngaphakathi kweliso lakho ngcono.

Iikhamera ezisekelwe kwiLaser ebanzi

Ezi khamera zisebenzisa i-laser ekhethekileyo kunye neendlela zokuskena ukuze zithathe imifanekiso ye-fundus ngokukhawuleza, nokuba amehlo akho awavulekanga (oko kukuthi, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amayeza okwandisa umbungu). Nangona kunjalo, kulula ukuthatha imifanekiso xa amehlo akho evuleke kakhulu. Ezi khamera zihlala zinesithuba esinye esijikelezayo onokusibona. Loo sithuba sikwisigqubuthelo esikhulu, eside, esithe tyaba. Indawo ejikeleze loo sithuba idla ngokugqunywa ngerabha ethambileyo, ngoko ke ikhululekile kwaye ayibuhlungu xa uyibambe ebusweni bakho.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngaphambi nangexesha lovavanyo?

Ngaba kufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Hayi, olu vavanyo lwe-"(Fundus Photography)" aludingi kulungiselela okuninzi kuwe. Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala. Ugqirha angakufaka amaconsi emehlweni akho ukuze andise indandatho emnyama emehlweni akho ngaphambi kokuba athathe imifanekiso. La maconsi athatha imizuzu embalwa ukusebenza. Kufuneka ube nomonde okwethutyana.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

Ngoku, sithethe ngeentlobo ezimbini zeekhamera ze-fundus. Ngoko ke oko uhlangabezana nako kuya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwekhamera esetyenziswa ngugqirha. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokwenzeka ukuthatha imifanekiso ngazo zombini ezi ntlobo zeekhamera.

Iikhamera zeFundus eziQhelekileyo

Xa uthatha imifanekiso ngesi sixhobo, uhlala esitulweni okanye esitulweni, ujonge kwifreyimu ecaleni lakho letyhubhu. Ugqirha uza kucoca ibunzi lakho nesilevu sakho ngesisuli sokuhlambulula ngaphambi kokuba abeke ubuso bakho.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina isilevu sakho kunye nebunzi lakho zikwifreyimu. Ngale ndlela, kuya kuba lula kugqirha ukuba athathe imifanekiso ngokukhawuleza. Nje ukuba intloko yakho ikwindawo efanelekileyo, kufuneka ujonge kwelinye icala letyhubhu. Ngaphakathi, uya kubona ukukhanya kukhanya emehlweni akho.

Ugqirha uhlala kwelinye icala letyhubhu, ajonge ngeliso lekhamera, alungise ikhamera, ayibhekise kwiindawo ezithile, aze athathe imifanekiso nganye nganye. Bakuxelela ukuba ujonge phambili, ujonge ngasekunene, ujonge ngasekhohlo, njl. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuthatha imifanekiso, bathatha imifanekiso yeliso elinye okanye omabini. Nje ukuba imifanekiso ithathwe, uvavanyo luphelile. Ngokukhawuleza, akunjalo?

Iikhamera ezisekelwe kwiLaser ebanzi

Xa ujonga kwi-aperture yekhamera ebanzi, uza kubona uphawu olujikelezayo, ekufuneka ulujonge ngqo. Imvelaphi engasemva kophawu inokutshintsha umbala. Ugqirha okanye ingcali eqhuba uvavanyo iza kukuxelela ukuba imibala ithetha ukuthini, indlela yokuhamba, kunye nezinye izinto ekufuneka zithathwe kumfanekiso.

Wakuba ukwindawo efanelekileyo, uza kuvula ikhamera. Uza kubona ukukhanya okuluhlaza okukhanyayo, okufana nokukhanya kwiphepha elingaphakathi kwi-copier, kudlule ekuboneni kwakho. Kuhlala ixesha elifutshane, malunga nomzuzwana. Ungakhathazeki, akuyi kuba buhlungu. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuthathwa imifanekiso emithathu yeliso ngalinye. Nje ukuba imifanekiso ithathwe, uvavanyo luphelile.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba imifanekiso ye-fundus ithathiwe, ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kukusa kwigumbi lovavanyo. Apho uza kudibana nogqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo. Baza kwenza lonke uviwo, okanye baza kujonga imifanekiso ye-fundus yakho baze bakuchazele ukuba ithetha ukuthini.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kolu vavanyo?

Olu `(Fundus Photography)` luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu . Akukho ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unikwe iyeza lokwandisa umbona weliso lakho (`(Eye Dilation`), iyeza linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Umzekelo, ukubona kwakho kusenokungacaci okwethutyana, kwaye amehlo akho asenokubonakala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphandle. Kodwa ezi zihlala zincinci kakhulu kwaye ziya kuba ngcono emva kwexesha elithile. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhulise amehlo akho, amehlo akho aya kuhlala ekhulile de iyeza liphele. Uninzi lwexesha, eli yeza liya kuphela kwiiyure ezimbalwa (ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani).

Ukuba une-photophobia, oko kuthetha ukuba amehlo akho ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ungaphandle, ungaziva ungakhululekanga xa ukukhanya kubetha emehlweni akho xa uthatha imifanekiso. Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yexeshana nje, kwaye ugqirha wakho uya kukunceda ngaloo nto. Uninzi lwamagumbi ovavanyo lwamehlo anezibane ezifiphalayo, ngoko ke ukuba awukhululekanga ngokukhanya okuqaqambileyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukusebenzisa.

Ndingaqhuba imoto emva kokuthatha iifoto ze-fundus?

Ewe, kwiimeko ezininzi ungaqhuba ngaphandle kweengxaki emva kokuba wenze i-``(Fundus Photography)``. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni kutheni uthathe imifanekiso, imeko yamehlo akho ngaphambi kovavanyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezimbalwa.

Abantu abaninzi baqhuba ngemoto ukuya eofisini kagqirha, kwaye ungaqhuba ubuye emva kovavanyo. Ukuba ugqirha ukhulise amehlo akho (usebenzise amayeza okwandisa amabala amnyama), banokukunika izigqubuthelo ezinombala onokuzinxiba njengeeglasi zelanga. Ezi zilungele amehlo akho xa uphuma. Ukuba unxiba iiglasi, ungazishiya ezi zigqubuthelo ezingasetyenziswayo phezu kweeglasi zakho ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ude ugqibezele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awuqinisekanga, kungcono ubuze ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqhube.

Zinjani iziphumo? Zisixelela ntoni?

Iikhamera zeFundus kwiikliniki ezininzi zamehlo zinokuthumela imifanekiso kwikhompyutha ekwigumbi lovavanyo kwangoko nje ukuba zithathwe. Ugqirha wakho angayibona imifanekiso kwiscreen sekhompyutha. Angakubonisa nemifanekiso aze achaze izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibonisayo. Angatsho izinto ezinje, "Jonga umthambo we-optic ongaphakathi kweliso lakho..."

Ukuba i-fundus yeliso lakho ibonakala iqhelekile, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela loo nto. Kuyathuthuzela ukuva into efana nokuthi , "Akukho nto imbi, yonke into ilungile." Ukuba imifanekiso ibonisa naluphi na utshintsho olubalulekileyo okanye ukungaqheleki, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela. Ukuba ugqirha wakho unemifanekiso yakho yangaphambili, angayithelekisa. Angathi izinto ezifana nokuthi, "Nanku umahluko omncinci kwixesha elidlulileyo."

Ngokusekelwe kwinto esiyibonayo kwiifoto zamva nje, usenokuba wenza enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zinto:

• Cebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo (umz., olunye uphononongo olukhethekileyo)
• Ibonelela ngeendlela zonyango (umz. amayeza, unyango lwe-laser)
• Kuza kucwangciswa idinga lokulandelelana. (Umzekelo, masiphinde sibonane kwakhona kwiinyanga ezi-3 ezizayo)
• Uza kuthunyelwa kwenye ingcali (umz. ingcali yesifo seswekile).

Kukho intetho ethi, 'Umfanekiso uxabisa iwaka lamagama.' Kanye ngaloo ndlela, umfanekiso ongasemva kwamehlo akho awunakuthelekiswa nanto kwimpilo yamehlo akho.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku.

Ngoko ke, olu `(Fundus Photography)` luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokujonga impilo yamehlo akho. Ingcali yakho yamehlo ingasebenzisa le mifanekiso ukubona ukuba amehlo akho aphilile na kwaye ichonge naziphi na iingxaki. Okungcono nangakumbi kukuba olu vavanyo `(Fundus Photography)` lunokubona utshintsho ngaphakathi kweliso ngaphambi kokuba ubonise naziphi na iimpawu. Oku kuyinxalenye yovavanyo lweliso oluqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, lunokubona izifo eziqala ngaphakathi kweliso ngaphandle kokuba uqonde.

Ngoko ke, ungacela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nendlela oku okunokukunceda ngayo. Ungalibali ukuba luxanduva lwakho ukukhusela amehlo akho! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo .

Ifoto yeFundus , Uvavanyo lwamehlo, iRetina, Impilo yamehlo, iMacula, iOptic Nerve