Ngaba nawe unesifo sokungunda? (Izifo Zokungunda / I-Mycosis) Masifumanise kakuhle ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ibala elincinci elibomvu eluswini lwakho, into efana nerhashalala, onokuthi uyilume, okanye uzipho olutshintsha umbala ngequbuliso lube lukhuni? Mhlawumbi unengubo emhlophe emlonyeni wakho. Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zosulelo lwefungus, okanye njengoko oogqirha belubiza, ``Mycosis``, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.

Zithini iifungi?

Ngamafutshane, iifungi liqela lezinto eziphilayo ezingezizo izityalo okanye izilwanyana. Cinga ngezinto ezifana neefungi kunye negwele. Zihlala ngokwendalo kwindawo esingqongileyo nangaphakathi emizimbeni yethu, umzekelo emilonyeni yethu, kwiindawo zokugaya ukutya, naselusu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kuvela iingxaki xa zikhula kakhulu. Ezi fungi zisasazeka ngokukhupha iindawo zazo ezincinci ezifana nembewu, esizibiza ngokuba "zii-spores," kwindawo esingqongileyo. Nangona kukho izigidi zeentlobo zeefungi emhlabeni, zimbalwa kakhulu ezibangela izifo ebantwini.

Injani intsholongwane yefungus ngaphandle?

Ukuba unesifo sefungus eluswini lwakho, sinokuba bomvu, sidumbe, size sibonakale ngathi ngamaqhuqhuva amancinci . Ngamanye amaxesha sinokubonakala ngathi liqhuqhuva. Cinga ngako, ngamanye amaxesha ufumana ulusu olubomvu, olurhawuzelelayo phakathi kweenyawo zakho okanye kwindawo yakho yamathumbu, akunjalo? Kusenokwenzeka ukuba sisifo sefungus. Ukuba unesifo seenzipho, iinzipho zakho zinokuba tyheli, zibe mdaka, okanye zibe mhlophe, zibe nkulu, kwaye ziqhekeke lula . Ukuba unesifo emlonyeni okanye emqaleni, unokubona amabala amhlophe okanye amabala emlonyeni wakho .

Ngubani onokuthi abe nosulelo lwefungus?

Enyanisweni, nabani na anokufumana usulelo lwefungus, ingakumbi eluswini nasezinzipheni. Zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo apho kukho umswakama omninzi kwaye apho ulusu luchukumisana khona (umzekelo, emakhwapheni, emathunjini, phantsi kwamabele). Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu, ngakumbi kwiintsholongwane eziqatha ngakumbi:

• Ukuba uneengxaki zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi (umz. ukujikeleza kwegazi okungalunganga ukuya emilenzeni).
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile i-Diabetes Mellitus .
• Ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka , isenokuba ngenxa yezi zinto zilandelayo:
• imeko `(ye-HIV/AIDS)`.
• Unyango lomhlaza okanye umhlaza (umz. ichemotherapy, iradiotherapy).
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (umz., amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba kwiimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba, okanye emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye ukufakelwa iiseli ze-stem).

Ngaba usulelo lwefungus lunokuba yingozi?

Amaxesha amaninzi, usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwefungus eluswini okanye ezinzipho alubi yingozi . Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka, ezinye usulelo lwefungus zinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu . Ke ngoko, ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukungayinaki nokuba yinto encinci.

Ziziphi iintlobo zosulelo lwefungus ezikhoyo?

Singazahlulahlula izifo zefungus zibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, oko kukuthi, kuxhomekeke apho isifo sikhoyo:

1. Iintsholongwane ezenzeka phezu kolusu, iinzipho, okanye kwiinwebu zesikhumba (umz., emlonyeni, emqaleni, kwilungu lobufazi) (`Iintsholongwane zefungus ezingaphezulu` okanye` iintsholongwane zesikhumba`)

2. Iintsholongwane ezingaphantsi kolusu (`Iintsholongwane zefungus ezingaphantsi kolusu`)

3. Iintsholongwane ezikwizitho zangaphakathi zomzimba (umz. imiphunga, ingqondo, intliziyo) (`Iintsholongwane ezinzulu zefungus`)

Ngoku makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ntlobo ngeenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

1. Usulelo lwefungus olungaphandle

Ezi zezona zifo zixhaphakileyo zefungus esizibonayo.

• I-Ringworm (dermatophytosis): Le ayisiyo mbungu, kodwa yi-fungus. Le fungus ihlala kwiiseli zesikhumba, iinwele, kunye nezinzipho. Ingabonakala ezinyaweni zakho (`(tinea pedis)` okanye `(unyawo lomdlali)`), i-groin yakho kunye namathanga angaphakathi (`(tinea cruris)` okanye `(jock itch)`), intloko yakho (`(tinea capitis)`), izandla zakho (`(tinea manuum)`), iindevu zakho kunye nolusu olujikeleze yona (`(tinea barbae)`), nakweyiphi na indawo emzimbeni wakho (`(tinea corporis)`). Cinga ngayo, ingaba le meko ayibizwa ngokuba yi-`athlete's foot` ixhaphake phakathi kwabantu abadlala imidlalo ngamanye amaxesha? Kwakhona, abanye abantu bafumana ukurhawuzelelwa, ukurhawuzelelwa okubomvu kwindawo ye-groin, okunokuba yi-`(jock itch)`.
• Iintsholongwane zeMikhuhlane yeZinzipho (i-Onychomycosis): Ezi ntsholongwane zinokuvela kwiinzipho zakho okanye ezinzipho zakho, ezibangelwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zefungi. Iinzipho ziyatshintsha umbala, zibe nkulu, kwaye zibe buthathaka .
• Usulelo lweCandida (iCandidiasis): Uhlobo lwegwele olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Candida", ingakumbi uhlobo lwe-"Candida albicans", luhlala luhlala emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kweengxaki, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha lunokukhula kakhulu luze lubangele usulelo. Imizekelo:
• Amabala amhlophe emlonyeni (i-oral thrush). Mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba oku kwenzeka kwiintsana ezincinci.
• Ezinye iintlobo ze-`(irhashalala ye-diaper)`.
• Usulelo lwemvubelo yesini (usulelo lwemvubelo yesini okanye i-vulvovaginitis).
• Usulelo lweCandida kwi-esophagus (`(esophageal candidiasis)`).
• Usulelo lweCandida (`(candidal intertrigo)`) oluvela kwiindawo ezigobileyo zesikhumba nakwiindawo ezibilayo.
• I-Tinea versicolor / i-pityriasis versicolor: Imeko ebangelwa yi-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Malassezia)` ebangela ukutshintsha kombala wolusu kunye namabala. Abanye abantu bafumana la mabala amhlophe, ngelixa abanye beba mdaka.

2. Usulelo lwefungus olungaphantsi kwesikhumba

Oku kwenzeka xa ifungi ingena emzimbeni ngenxeba lesikhumba okanye isilonda. Umzekelo, inokuba yinto efana nokuhlatywa ngameva ngelixa ulima igadi. Oku kunokubangela ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, izilonda, kunye nezinye iimpawu. Olu sulelo luxhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla eshushu neshushu.

Imizekelo:

• I-Sporotrichosis (isifo somlimi wegadi yerozi): Ibangelwa yi-fungus `(Sporothrix).` Ingachaphazela imiphunga okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Chromoblastomycosis:Ingabangelwa ziintlobo ngeentlobo zeefungi. Ibangela usulelo lwesikhumba oluhlala ixesha elide (olungapheliyo). Amaxesha amaninzi, inokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Eumycetoma: Ibangelwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zefungus. Ixhaphake kakhulu ezinyaweni.

3. Usulelo lwefungus oluvela kwizitho zangaphakathi zomzimba (`Usulelo lwefungus olunzulu`)

Ezi zizifo ezingenzeki eluswini, kodwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni, kwiindawo ezifana nemiphunga, igazi, umchamo, kunye nengqondo. Ezinye zazo zikwabizwa ngokuba "zizifo ezithatha amathuba." Oku kuthetha ukuba azisoloko zibangela ukugula, kodwa zinokusulela umntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka.

Imizekelo:

• I-Histoplasmosis: I-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-Histoplasma inokosulela imiphunga, ingqondo, okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Coccidioidomycosis (umkhuhlane wentlambo): I-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-Coccidioides inokosulela imiphunga, kwaye, ngamanye amaxesha, nezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Blastomycosis: I-fungus `(Blastomyces)` ichaphazela amathambo, ulusu kunye nemiphunga. Ayifane ichaphazele ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
• I-Aspergillosis: Uhlobo lwesikhunta olubizwa ngokuba yi-Aspergillus lunokubangela iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo zemiphunga, ezifana ne-allergy bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) kunye ne-chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Lunokosulela nezinye iindawo zomzimba okanye lwenze i-fungus mass (aspergilloma) emiphungeni.
• Usulelo lweCandidal urinary tract: Uninzi lwezifo ze-urinary tract (UTIs) zibangelwa yibhaktheriya, kodwa ezinye zibangelwa yi-yeast efana neCandida.
• I-Invasive candidiasis: Le meko ibangelwa ziintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeCandida. Ingosulela intliziyo, igazi (candidemia), ingqondo, amehlo (endophthalmitis), amathambo, okanye ezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• I-Pneumocystis pneumonia (PJP): Le meko ye-pneumonia ibangelwa yi-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Pneumocystis jirovecii)` esulela imiphunga.
• I-Mucormycosis: Oku kubangelwa liqela leefungi ezibizwa ngokuba yi-mucormycetes. Ezi zinokusulela ii-sinuses kunye nobuchopho (i-rhinocerebral mucormycosis), imiphunga (i-pulmonary mucormycosis), indlela yesisu (i-gastrointestinal mucormycosis), kunye nolusu (i-cutaneous mucormycosis). Ngamanye amaxesha inokusasazeka kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba ngaxeshanye (i-disseminated mucormycosis).
• I-Cryptococcosis: Oku kubangelwa yifungi `(Cryptococcus neoformans)` kunye `(Cryptococcus gattii)`. Nangona ixhaphake kakhulu kwimiphunga, ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela ingqondo kunye nomqolo, ibangele `(cryptococcal meningitis).`

Zithini iimpawu zosulelo lwefungus?

Iimpawu zosulelo lwefungus ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo nendawo olukuyo usulelo.Ziyahluka. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezolusu, iinzipho, umlomo, umphimbo, okanye i-vaginal. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zosulelo emiphungeni, ebuchotsheni, emehlweni, emathunjini, okanye kwizintso nazo zinokubakho.

Iimpawu zosulelo oluphezulu kwesikhumba okanye phantsi kwesikhumba:

• Ukurhawuzelela, iintlungu, ukubomvu, okanye ukurhawuzelela kwindawo echaphazelekayo.
• Ukutshintsha kombala, ukuqina, okanye ukwaphuka kwezipikili.
• Intlungu xa usitya, ukuphelelwa yincasa, okanye amabala amhlophe emlonyeni/emqaleni .
• Iqhuma elingenabuhlungu phantsi kolusu.

Iimpawu zosulelo lwefungus emiphungeni:

• Ukukhwehlela, mhlawumbi kunye ne-phlegm kunye negazi.
• Ukuziva udiniwe, udiniwe (`(Ukudinwa)`).
• Ifiva.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Intlungu yemisipha.
• Intlungu yamalungu.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ukubila ebusuku.

Iimpawu zosulelo lwefungus kwezinye iindawo zomzimba:

• Usulelo lobuchopho: intloko ebuhlungu, umkhuhlane, intlungu yentamo, isicaphucaphu/ukuhlanza, ukuva ukukhanya, ukudideka.
• Usulelo lwamehlo: iintlungu zamehlo, ukubomvu, ukuphuma kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukubona okufipheleyo, ukukrazuka, ukuva ukukhanya.
• Usulelo lwenkqubo yamathumbu: iintlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza.
• Usulelo lwee-sinuses: umkhuhlane, impumlo exineneyo, intloko ebuhlungu, ukudumba kwelinye icala lobuso, iintlungu zobuso.

Yintoni ebangela usulelo lwefungus?

Iimvubelo, ukungunda, kunye nezinye iifungi zezona zibangela ezi zifo. Uninzi lweefungi azigulisi abantu, kodwa ezinye ziyagula. Ezinye iintsholongwane, njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, 'zinamathuba'. Oko kukuthi, azibangeli ngxaki, kodwa zisebenzisa iimeko, njengaxa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka, ukuze zibangele izifo.

Ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zefungus ezibangela usulelo:

• Iidermatophytes: Ezi liqela leefungi ezixhomekeke kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-"keratin" efumaneka kwiinwele, ezinzipho, nangaphandle kolusu. Azisuleli izicubu eziphilayo.
• I-Candida: I-Candida albicans luhlobo lwegwele oluhlala ngokwendalo emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, inokukhula kakhulu kwaye ibangele ukurhawuzelela, ukubomvu, kunye nezinye iimpawu. Amaxesha amaninzi, inokubangela usulelo olukhulu.
• Iifungi ezihlala emhlabeni okanye emanzini: Imizekelo ibandakanya `(Histoplasma)`, `(Coccidioides)`, `(Blastomyces)` kunye `(Aspergillus)`.

Zisasazeka njani ezi zifo zefungus?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo zokusasazeka kwezifo zefungus:

• Ukusuka kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke ezifumileyo. Umzekelo, amagumbi okuhlambela kawonke-wonke kunye namagumbi okutshintshela kwiindawo zokuzivocavoca.
• Ngokudlula kwinxeba okanye eluswini.
• Ngokuphefumla iifungi ezikwindawo ezingqongileyo (umz., umhlaba, uthuli).
• Ngenxa yokuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.Kuba xa ii-antibiotics zibulala iintsholongwane ezilungileyo emizimbeni yethu, ezinye iifungi zinokuphindaphindeka ngaphandle kolawulo.
• Ezinye izifo zedermatophyte zinokusasazeka ngokudibana ngqo nomntu okanye isilwanyana esosulelekileyo.

Ngaba usulelo lwefungus luyasulela?

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yifungus, ezifana ne-ringworm, zinokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokudibana ngqo . Izifundo zibonisa ukuba izifo ze-Pneumocystis jirovecii zinokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, izifo ezinzulu, ezifana nefungus eziphefumlelwa emiphungeni zisuka kwindawo esingqongileyo, aziqhelekanga ukuba zosulele.

Uyibona njani intsholongwane yefungus?

Indlela ugqirha wakho ayifumanisa ngayo intsholongwane yefungus ixhomekeke ekubeni ikuphi emzimbeni wakho. Usenokukhangela iimpawu zefungus kwezi zinto, okanye azame ‘ukuyikhulisa’ le ntsholongwane:

• Iisampulu ezithathwe kulusu okanye kwezinye izicwili ezichaphazelekayo.
• Isiqwenga seenzipho (`ukunqunyulwa kwezinzipho`).
• Isampuli yegazi.
• Isampuli yesikhohlela.
• Ulwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo (`ulwelo lwe-CNS`).
• Isampuli yomchamo.
• Ukukhupha kwamehlo.
• Ukukhupha ulwelo oluphuma kwilungu lobufazi.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unentsholongwane yefungus emiphungeni yakho, engqondweni, okanye kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, unokuyalela ii-X-ray, ii-MRI, okanye ii-CT scans ukujonga iimpawu zentsholongwane.

Izifo zefungus zinyangwa njani?

Iintsholongwane ezininzi zefungus zinokunyangwa ngamayeza okubola . La mayeza abulala ifungus ngaphakathi nangaphandle komzimba wakho. Uhlobo lwamayeza olunikwa ngugqirha wakho luya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni ifungus ikuphi.

Nangona ezinye iindlela zonyango zingathengwa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (OTC) ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, kungcono ukubonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokunyanga usulelo lwefungus.

Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswa kunyango?

Ukunyanga usulelo lwefungus, ugqirha wakho angakunika unyango lwe-fungus olufana nolu:

• Amayeza omlomo.
• Amayeza afakwa kwimithambo yegazi (`amayeza e-IV`). La mayeza afakwa ngqo emthanjeni kwiofisi kagqirha okanye esibhedlele.
• Iiloshini, iikhrimu okanye iipowder.
• Iilozenji zokuhlamba umlomo okanye zokuhlamba umlomo.
• Amaconsi amehlo.
• Iintlobo ze-shampoo.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yosulelo lwefungus?

Ukuze uphephe iintlobo ngeentlobo zezifo zefungus, kubalulekile ukugcina ucoceko oluhle lomntu kwaye uzikhusele kwizifo zefungus ezikwindalo esingqongileyo. Landela la macebiso ukuze uthintele izifo zefungus:

• Hlamba rhoqo emva kokubila okanye ukungcola.Musa ukushiya iindawo zesikhumba zimanzi.
• Musa ukuhamba ngeenyawo kwiindawo zokuhlambela zikawonke-wonke, kwiishawa, okanye kwiindawo zokutshintshela iimpahla kwiindawo zokuzivocavoca.
• Nxiba impahla yangaphantsi ecocekileyo, eyomileyo, yekotoni.
• Gcina amazinyo nomlomo wakho ucocekile.
• Ukuba unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, zicoce njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho wamehlo.
• Gcina iinzipho zakho zimfutshane kwaye zicocekile.
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka athathwe kuphela xa enikwe ngugqirha. Ukusela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elide kunokubangela ukuba igwele likhule emzimbeni kwaye libangele usulelo.
• Musa ukwabelana ngezixhobo zemidlalo, iitawuli, okanye ezinye izinto zobuqu nabanye.
• Xa usebenza ngomhlaba, nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela efana neeglavu, izihlangu, iibhulukhwe ezinde, kunye neehempe ezineemikhono emide . Ukuba ukwindawo apho iifungi eziyingozi zixhaphake khona kwindawo ohlala kuyo, nxiba imaski yokuphefumla ye-N95 ukuthintela ukuphefumla.
• Ukuba uhlala kwindawo enefungi eyingozi emhlabeni, nxiba imaski yobuso xa kukho uthuli, okanye hlala endlwini uvale iifestile.

Kuthekani ukuba kukho isifo sefungus?

Oko unokukulindela xa unentsholongwane yefungus kuxhomekeke ekubeni unezinye iimeko ezifihlakeleyo na, kwaye apho intsholongwane ikhoyo emzimbeni wakho. Iintsholongwane zefungus zeenwele, ulusu, kunye neenzipho zihlala zingekho mbi kakhulu , kodwa zingathatha ixesha ukuba ziphele ngokupheleleyo ngonyango. Iintsholongwane zefungus ezinzulu zemiphunga okanye ezinye izitho zangaphakathi zinokuba yingozi ebomini, ingakumbi ukuba inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo lwefungus, ingakumbi emiphungeni okanye kwezinye izitho zangaphakathi, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Ukuba unyanga usulelo lwefungus, ungalibali ukubona ugqirha wakho kwakhona ukuba alupheli.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Yintoni ebangele olu sulelo? Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela oku kwixesha elizayo?
• Ndingayithintela njani le ntsholongwane ukuba ingasasazeki kwabanye?
• Ndingakubona nini kwakhona?
• Ulisebenzisa njani eli yeza?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?

Izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule kweli nqaku (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Iifungi zikho kuyo yonke indawo. Enyanisweni, ezinye iintlobo zeefungi zihlala ngokwemvelo emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokuba sicinge ngazo. Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba siza kufumana usulelo lwefungus ngaxa lithile ebomini bethu. Uninzi lwazo lunokunyangeka ngonyango.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokuzikhusela ngayo ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka okanye usengozini yosulelo oluqatha okanye oluhlala ixesha elide.

Kwakhona, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga kulusu okanye ezinziphoni zakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphandle kokuyityeshela.

Usulelo lwefungus , i-mycosis, izifo zesikhumba, ifungus yezinzipho, i-candida, i-eczema, i-psoriasis, ifungus, i-mold, i-yeast