Ngaba uhlala uneengxaki zesisu? Ngaba unengxaki efana nokuziva ugcwele, urhawuzelelwa yigesi, ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya, kunye nesitshiso? Ukuba ezi ngxaki ziyaqhubeka nangona uthatha amayeza kugqirha oqhelekileyo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba lixesha lokuba ubone ugqirha onolwazi ngale nto. Loo ngcali yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'Gastroenterologist'. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngubani lo gqirha, wenza ntoni, kwaye kufuneka umfumane nini.
Ngamafutshane, ngubani lo Gastroenterologist?
I-'Gastroenterologist' ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya . Khawuthelekelele, baqala ngokuqeqeshwa njengogqirha jikelele. Emva kwesidanga sabo se-MBBS, basebenza njengogqirha jikelele kangangeminyaka emithathu, befumana amava kuzo zonke iintlobo zezifo. Emva koko, bagxila kuphela kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, baze emva koko bafunde eminye iminyaka emithathu yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo .
Kuphela emva kolu qeqesho lukhethekileyo apho bafumana khona isiqinisekiso sokuba yingcali kweli candelo. Oku kubavumela ukuba benze iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo (ezifana ne-endoscopy) ezingenakukwazi ukwenziwa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo, kwaye bahlalutye ngokuchanekileyo ezo ngxelo zovavanyo ukuze bafumanise isifo ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngaba kukho oogqirha abaziingcali abanjalo kubantwana abancinci?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Sibabiza ngokuba yi-'Pediatric Gastroenterologist'. Aba gqirha baqala ngokuqeqeshwa njengooGqirha babantwana. Emva koko, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, bafumana eminye iminyaka emithathu yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwizifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya nesibindi sabantwana abancinci, ukususela kwiintsana ukuya kubantu abadala abancinci.
Njengoko imizimba yabantwana ikhula, aba gqirha banika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwisondlo sabo. Umntwana omncinci akakwazi ukuveza iingxaki zakhe ngokuchanekileyo. Ngoko ke, aba gqirha banekhono elikhethekileyo lokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu zabo bantwana nokuhlola imizimba yabo emincinci.
Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba aba gqirha abawajongayo?
Xa usiva eli gama, ucinga ngesisu (isisu) namathumbu kuphela, akunjalo? `I-Gastro` ithetha isisu, `i-entero` ithetha amathumbu. Kodwa ezi ngcali zigxila kumalungu amaninzi ngaphezu koko. Ngamafutshane, yonke inkqubo, ukususela kwindawo apho sifaka ukutya emlonyeni wethu ukuya kwinqanaba apho inkunkuma ikhutshwa khona, iwela phantsi kolawulo lwazo.
Oko ikukuthi:
- Umlomo kunye nomqala (i-Esophagus)
- Isisu
- Amathumbu Amancinci Namakhulu
- Isibindi
- Inyongo
- I-Pancreas
- Imibhobho yenyongo
Zinyanga izifo ezichaphazela zonke ezi zitho zomzimba.
Kutheni kufuneka sibone ingcali enjalo?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unesifo sesisu esingapheliyo. Usele amayeza kugqirha oqhelekileyo, kodwa akwanelanga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali enjalo. Okanye, ukuba sele uyazi ukuba unesifo samathumbu esibi (njenge-'Inflammatory Bowel Disease'), kungcono ukubona ingcali enjalo ukuze ufumane unyango olungcono.
Inzuzo yokubona ingcali kukuba benza uphando oluthe kratya, benza uvavanyo oluthe kratya, kwaye banamava amaninzi kweli candelo kunabanye oogqirha. Ngenxa yoko, banokusixilonga isifo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo, baze basinyange ngeengxaki ezimbalwa.
Zeziphi izifo eziqhelekileyo ezinyangwa ngaba gqirha?
Zininzi izifo ezinyangwa yingcali yezifo zamathumbu. Masizihlube zibe ziintlobo ngeentlobo.
| Udidi lwezifo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Izifo zesisu namathumbu |
|
| Izifo ezinxulumene ne-Pharyngitis | |
| Izifo zesibindi | |
| Izifo ezinxulumene nepancreas, gallbladder, kunye ne-bile ducts |
Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndizixelele ugqirha ?
Ukuba uza kubona ingcali efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuchaza ngokucacileyo zonke iingxaki onazo. Nokuba yinto encinci inokunceda kakhulu ekufumaneni isifo.
| Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo onokuba nazo |
|---|
|
Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywa yi-gastroenterologist?
Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga ngokwasemzimbeni. Baza kukuchukumisa isisu sakho baze bamamele isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope. Basenokufaka umnwe kwi-rectum yakho ukuze baxilonge i-rectum yakho. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezifana novavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lwesitulo, okanye ii-X-ray.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mvavanyo azibonisi ngokucacileyo isifo, ziya kwenza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-endoscopy .
Yintoni le endoscopy?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci nethambileyo enekhamera encinci eqhotyoshelwe emzimbeni, nto leyo evumela ugqirha ukuba abone amalungu angaphakathi kwisikrini ngamehlo omabini. Olu asilotyando.
Kukho iimvavanyo eziphambili ezininzi ezenziweyo kusetyenziswa le ndlela:
- I-Upper Endoscopy (EGD): Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuze kuhlolwe umphimbo, isisu, kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancinci.
- I-Colonoscopy: Kule nto, kufakwa ityhubhu nge-rectum kwaye i-colon yonke ihlolwe.
- I-Endoscopic Ultrasound: Iskena se-ultrasound sincamathiselwe esiphelweni setyhubhu ye-endoscope kwaye amalungu angqongileyo, anjengesibindi kunye ne-gallbladder, ayahlolwa.
- Utyando lwe-polypectomy:Ukuba i-polyp ibonakala kwi-colon ngexesha lovavanyo, iyasikwa ize isuswe ngesixhobo esincinci esidluliselwa kwityhubhu.
Olu vavanyo alunakubonisa kuphela indawo echanekileyo yesifo, kodwa ukuba kuyimfuneko , iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili linokususwa (i-biopsy) lize lithunyelwe kuvavanyo. Ukongeza, le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza unyango oluncinci, olufana nokuyeka ukopha okanye ukuvula indawo evalekileyo.
Ngaba aba gqirha bayayinyanga nomhlaza?
Ewe. Ukuba unomhlaza kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha weGastroenterologist uza kuqala awuxilonge. Banokusebenzisa i-endoscopy kunye ne-biopsy ukufumana izimila ezinomhlaza, bazisuse, baze bafumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomhlaza.
Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, banokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba usasazeke kangakanani ('inqanaba'). Eminye imidlaza yesigaba sokuqala inokususwa ngokupheleleyo nge-'endoscopy' ngaphandle kotyando.
Indima yezi ngcali ibaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni izifo ezifana nomhlaza wesisu, umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu, umhlaza wesibindi, kunye nomhlaza wepancreatic.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yezifo zesisu ngugqirha ogxile kwizifo zenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya (ukusuka emlonyeni wakho ukuya kwi-anus yakho).
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu engapheliyo, igesi, ukuqhinwa, urhudo, okanye iintlungu zesifuba ezingaphucukiyo ngonyango oluqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukubona ingcali efana nale.
- I-Endoscopy kunye ne-colonoscopy azizonkqubo zotyando. Ziindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zovavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zenza unyango oluncinci.
- Ukuba uneengxaki zokugaya ukutya, ungazityesheli. Ukufuna ingcebiso kwingcali efanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni izifo ezinzulu.
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