Xa sisiva igama elithi umhlaza, sonke siyoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Phakathi kwazo, umhlaza we-colorectal sisifo esixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lethu. Xa sithetha nogqirha okanye sijonga ingxelo yezonyango, siva kwaye sibona amagama amaninzi angaqhelekanga. Umzekelo, amagama afana neColonoscopy, iBiopsy, iChemotherapy. Ngenxa yokuba singawaqondi kakuhle la magama, ngamanye amaxesha sinokuziva singakhululekanga, sididekile, kwaye soyike ngokungeyomfuneko. Ngoko ke namhlanje sicinge ukuba singathetha nawe ngentsingiselo elula yala magama ambalwa. Njengokungathi sithetha nomhlobo osenyongweni, ngendlela ekhululekileyo.
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Masiqale sifunde ngomhlaza kunye neentlobo zeethumba.
Masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni umhlaza. Ngamafutshane, imizimba yethu yenziwe ngeebhiliyoni zeeseli ezincinci. Umhlaza uvela xa ezi seli zahlukana ngokukhawuleza nangokungalawulekiyo. Ezi seli zomhlaza ziyahlangana ukuze zenze ithumba .
Ezi nati zezona ntlobo zimbini:
- I-Benign Tumor: Ezi zi-tumor "ezilungileyo" ezingezizo ezomhlaza. Zihlala zikwindawo enye kuphela kwaye azisasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
- Ithumba Elibi: Olu luhlobo "olubi" lwethumba, oko kuthetha ukuba lunomhlaza. Lungonakalisa izicwili ezijikelezileyo kwaye luhambe luye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngegazi okanye inkqubo ye-lymphatic. Xa umhlaza usasazeka ngale ndlela, siwubiza ngokuba yi-metastasizing .
Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu udla ngokuqala njengeentsholongwane ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba zii-polyps . Nangona ezi zingengomhlaza ekuqaleni (njengee-adenomas), ekugqibeleni zinokuguquka zibe ngumhlaza. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuzibona nokuzisusa kwangethuba.
Masifunde kancinci malunga nokuba esi sifo sivela phi.
Amagama amabini athi Colorectal Cancer athetha umhlaza okhula kwiColon (amathumbu amakhulu) kunye neRectum (anus). Masiqonde nje ukuba zeziphi ezi ndawo.
Le yindlela yokugqibela apho inkunkuma eseleyo emva kokuba ukutya esikutyayo kugayiwe kwaye izondlo zifunxwe emizimbeni yethu.
- Ikholoni/Amathumbu Amakhulu: Le yinxalenye yenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya ekufutshane nesiphelo, malunga neenyawo ezi-1. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukufunxa amanzi kunye neetyuwa ezivela kwinkunkuma zibuyele emzimbeni kwaye zenze indle.
- I-Rectum: Ii-intshi ezi-8 zokugqibela zamathumbu amakhulu zibizwa ngokuba yi-rectum. Kulapho indle igcinwa khona okwethutyana ngaphambi kokuba ikhutshwe.
- Impundu: Ngumngxuma apho ilindle liphuma khona emzimbeni.
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Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeempawu kunye namagama ezonyango anxulumene nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ubone ugqirha.
| Igama lezonyango / uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukopha emqolo | Igazi elibomvu eliphuma kwi-anus likhona okanye lingekho. Oku kusenokubangwa zii-hemorrhoids, kodwa akufuneki kungananzwa. |
| I-anemia (ukungabikho kwegazi) | Njengoko umhlaza uphuma kancinci kancinci emzimbeni, umthamo wegazi emzimbeni unokwehla. Oku kunokubangela ukuba uzive udiniwe kakhulu kwaye uphaphathekile. |
| Ukuqhinwa | Ithumba elinomhlaza linciphise indlela yamathumbu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphuma endle. |
| Urhudo | Kwezinye iimeko, urhudo lunokwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela esebenza ngayo amathumbu. |
| IiHemorrhoids | Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi kwi-rectum. Abanye abantu babhidanisa oku nomqondiso womhlaza kuba unokopha. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe ngugqirha. |
| Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD) | Le yimeko yokudumba kwamathumbu ehlala ixesha elide. Iquka zombini iSifo sikaCrohn kunye neUlcerative Colitis . Abantu abane-IBD basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba ufumana naluphi na utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela ohamba ngayo amathumbu (umz., ukuqhina kunye norhudo), iintlungu zesisu, okanye ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Emva kokubuza ngeempawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo. Musa ukoyika ezi. Kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kuwe ukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezi.
| Uvavanyo | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? (Kwenzeka ntoni?) |
|---|---|
| I-Colonoscopy | Ityhubhu eguquguqukayo enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ifakwa nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe ikoloni yonke. Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo noluchanekileyo lokufumanisa umhlaza wekoloni. Ukuba kukho naziphi na izihluma, ezifana nee-polyps, ezifumanekayo, zingasuswa ngoko nangoko. |
| I-Biopsy | Ngexesha le-colonoscopy, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwindawo ekrokrisayo lize lihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu. Olu vavanyo luqinisekile nge-100% ukuba ingaba lunomhlaza okanye akunjalo . |
| Iskena se-CT | Indlela ekhethekileyo ye-X-ray ithatha imifanekiso enqamlezileyo (imifanekiso yezilayi) yangaphakathi lomzimba. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kubonwe ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwamathumbu okanye kwezinye iindawo, ezifana nesibindi okanye imiphunga. |
| Uvavanyo lweGazi leMpawu zoBugcisa (FOBT) | Uvavanyo olulula olujonga igazi elingabonakaliyo esitulweni. Olu vavanyo lusetyenziswa njengovavanyo lokuhlola umhlaza. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango lomhlaza?
Xa isifo siqinisekisiwe, unyango lumiselwa ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lomhlaza, ukusasazeka kwawo, kunye nemeko yempilo yomguli.
Utyando
Olu lolona nyango luphambili. Apha, ithumba elinomhlaza kunye nenxalenye yezicubu eziphilileyo ezijikeleze lona ziyasuswa ngotyando.
- Ukususwa kwenxalenye yomhlaza kumathumbu amakhulu.
- I-Anastomosis: Emva kokuba icandelo lamathumbu lisusiwe, iziphelo ezimbini eziseleyo ziyaxhunyaniswa kwakhona.
- I-Colostomy: Kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi ukuba umhlaza usondele kakhulu kwi-anus, akunakwenzeka ukudibanisa iziphelo ezimbini zamathumbu. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kwenziwa umngxuma wexeshana okanye osisigxina phezu kolusu lwesisu ukuze kuvuleke indle ukuba idlule. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-colostomy. Akukho mfuneko yokukhathazeka ngale nto, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baya kukufundisa indlela yokuyilawula.
Unyango ngamakhemikhali
La ngamayeza akhethekileyo anikwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza okanye ukuthintela ukukhula kwazo. Anganikwa njengeenaliti okanye iipilisi. Asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ithumba ngaphambi kotyando, okanye ukubulala naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokushiyeka emva kotyando.
Unyango lweMisebe
Ukusebenzisa imitha enamandla aphezulu (njenge-X-ray) ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu kumhlaza werectal.
Ngamanye amaxesha olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi ndlela zonyango lungasetyenziswa kunye. Umzekelo, i-chemotherapy enikwa ukongeza kutyando ibizwa ngokuba yi-adjuvant therapy .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba awuyiqondi into ethethwa ngugqirha, ungoyiki ukubuza. Lilungelo lakho ukucacisa imeko yakho yempilo.
- Ungaze uzityeshele iimpawu ezifana nokopha emqolo okanye utshintsho kwindlela ohamba ngayo amathumbu. Isenokuba zii-hemorrhoids, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe ngugqirha.
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu unokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ufunyaniswa kwangethuba. Ngoko ke, abantu abasengozini (ngesiqhelo emva kweminyaka engama-45) kufuneka bathethe nogqirha wabo baze bafunde ngeemvavanyo ezifana ne-colonoscopy.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza. Kodwa khumbula, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olufumanekayo namhlanje.
- Ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki yempilo, musa ukuthembela kulwazi olufumaneka kwi-intanethi kuphela, kodwa funa iingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo kuphela.
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