Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ilizwi lakho liphuma njani, la magama akhiwa njani xa sithetha kwaye sicula? Inxalenye encinci kodwa ebaluleke kakhulu yomqala wethu inceda kakhulu kule nto. Elo candelo libizwa ngokuba yi-glottis. Usenokuba awuzange ulive eli gama ngaphambili. Kodwa kulungile, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngalo ngokulula.

Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni kule glottis? Kutheni ibalulekile emizimbeni yethu?

Ngamafutshane, i-glottis yakho yindawo ephakathi kwebhokisi yakho yelizwi , okanye i-larynx. Kulapho kukho khona iintambo zakho zelizwi (okanye iifoldi zelizwi). Ikwabandakanya nendawo ephakathi kwezo ntambo zelizwi kunye ne-cartilage ezishukumisayo.

Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba i-larynx yibhokisi nje enemisonto yelizwi eyenza ilizwi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo ze-larynx, imisonto yakho yelizwi ikweli candelo libizwa ngokuba yi-glottis kuphela. Kungenxa yale glottis kunye nemisonto yelizwi okwaziyo ukuthetha nokwenza izandi ukuze abanye bakwazi ukukuqonda.

I-glottis yenza imisebenzi emithathu ephambili:

1. Ikunceda uphefumle: Ngokwesiqhelo, iintambo zakho zelizwi zivulekile ngendlela efana no-"V" ngaphakathi kwi-glottis. Xa uphefumla, umoya ovela empumlweni okanye emlonyeni wakho udlula kwezi ntambo zelizwi zivulekileyo uye kwi-windpipe yakho uye emiphungeni yakho. Xa uphefumla, iintambo zelizwi zihlala zivulekile.

2. Ithintela ukutya ekungeneni emiphungeni: Xa uginya into ethile, i-epiglottis, inxalenye efana ne-flap ye -larynx yakho ephezulu, ivala umnyango we-larynx. Emva koko, ukutya kwehlela kwi-esophagus yakho endaweni ye-windpipe yakho. Kwangaxeshanye, ii-vocal cords zakho nazo zivala ngaphakathi kwi-glottis. Le yenye indlela yokhuseleko ethintela ukutya ekungeneni kwindlela yokuphefumla. Khawuthelekelele ukuba bekuya kuba nzima kangakanani ukuba ukutya okuncinci okanye amanzi angene kwi-windpipe yakho! Le ndlela iyasebenza ukuthintela oko kungenzeki.

3. Ikunceda wenze izandi: Xa uqala ukuthetha okanye ukucula, iintambo zakho zelizwi ziyafinyela zize zivaleke. Umoya ophuma emiphungeni yakho ungena kwindawo engaphantsi kweentambo zelizwi, kwaye xa loo moya unamandla ngokwaneleyo, iintambo zelizwi ziqala ukungcangcazela. Oko kungcangcazela kuko okudala amaza esandi. Ungathetha kwaye wenze izandi ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yokungcangcazela okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwi-glottis.

Yintoni i-glottal stop? Masiqonde kancinci.

Olu phawu lokuma luyindlela elungileyo yokuqonda indlela i-glottis ekunceda ngayo ukuthetha.Zama into ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Glottal Stop``. Uninzi lwezandi luqala kwi-glottis yakho, emva koko isandi sihamba kwindawo engaphezulu kwe-glottis, siye kwiisinuses zakho, size siye emlonyeni wakho, apho sifumana khona iimpawu zaso ezahlukileyo. Kodwa kwi-``Glottal Stop,`` isandi siqala size siphele kwi-glottis.

Ukuze wenze iGlottal Stop, kufuneka umise indlela yomoya kwiGlottis ngelixa usenza isandi sesikhamiso. Cinga ngayo njengokuba uthi "uh-oh." Okanye, yithi "t" kwigama elithi "city" ngaphandle kokulibiza (si-e). Xa usenza oku, iintambo zakho zelizwi ziyangcangcazela ekuqaleni kwegama, uze uvale ngokukhawuleza embindini (umzekelo, emva kuka "a" kwi "a-uh" okanye emva kuka "si" kwi "si-e"). Umisa isandi kwiGlottis. Ngoku, zama ukubiza u "t" kwigama elithi "city" ngokuchanekileyo. Uza kuyiphepha iGlottal Stop.

Zama ukuqonda umahluko phakathi kwendlela esivakala ngayo isandi xa sima kwi-glottis ngale ndlela, nendlela esivakala ngayo xa ubiza amagama ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwaso.

Iphi kanye kanye le glottis?

I-glottis yakho ikwindawo engasemva kwe-cartilage ye-thyroid, elithambo elisemqaleni wakho, okanye i-apile yakho ka-Adam. Ikwindawo ephezulu ye-larynx yakho (ebizwa ngokuba yi-supraglottis) kunye nenxalenye esezantsi (ebizwa ngokuba yi-subglottis).

• I-Supraglottis: Le yindawo efana ne-crescent ngaphambili kwentamo yakho eqala phezulu kwethambo le-hyoid ukuya kwi-glottis. Kulapho i-epiglottis yakho ikhoyo, kwaye apho uya kufumana khona imiqolo ye-mucous membrane (ebizwa ngokuba yi-ventricular folds, ngamanye amaxesha ebizwa ngokuba yi-"false vocal cords").
• I-Glottis: Oku kususela kumda ongezantsi we-supraglottis ukuya kumda ophezulu we-subglottis.
• I-Subglottis: Oku kususela ezantsi kwe-glottis ukuya kwi-cartilage ye-cricoid (i-cartilage efana nesangqa ejikeleze umbhobho wakho womoya).

Zithini iindawo zeGlottis?

I-glottis inezakhiwo ezimbini eziphambili: iintambo zakho zelizwi kunye nomnyango ophakathi kwazo, i-rima glottidis .

• Iintambo Zelizwi: Ezi zizicubu ezimbini zemisipha ezilawula isandi selizwi lakho (ukuba liphezulu okanye liphantsi kangakanani). Iintambo zelizwi ezinkulu nezixineneyo zivelisa ilizwi eliphantsi (elirhabaxa), kwaye iintambo zelizwi ezincinci nezincinci zivelisa ilizwi eliphantsi (elithambileyo).
• URima Glottidis:Lo ngumngxuma ophakathi kweentambo zakho zelizwi. Xa i-rima glottidis ivuliwe, umoya ungadlula kwiintambo zelizwi. Xa uthetha, i-rima glottidis ivaliwe. Umoya uhamba kwiintambo zelizwi. Kule meko ivaliweyo, ukungcangcazela okubangela ukuba zingqubane kudala isandi.

I-glottis yakho ikwanayo ne-cartilage , i-ligaments , kunye nemisipha exhasa kwaye ishukumise ii-vocal cords zakho. Isandi selizwi lakho sixhomekeke kakhulu kubukhulu kunye nobunzima bee-vocal cords zakho, kodwa indlela ozilawula ngayo nayo iyayichaphazela le nto. Umzekelo, ezi zihlunu zinokuqina okanye ziphumle xa uxelisa ilizwi eliphefumlayo okanye ucula kakhulu.

Ijongeka njani i-glottis?

Ukuba ubunokujonga iiglottis ukusuka phezulu, ubunokhumbula iliso lekati. Cinga nge-rima glottidis njengomfundi omnyama ophakathi kweliso, kunye neentambo zelizwi njengecala lasekunene nelasekhohlo laloo mfundi.

Inkangeleko ye-glottis iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni i-rima glottidis yakho ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe. Xa ivaliwe, ii-vocal cords ziyadityaniswa kwaye zibukeka njengomgca. Xa i-rima glottidis ivuliwe, ungabona imo "V", kunye nee-vocal cords ezenza amacala asekhohlo nasekunene e-"V".

Ziziphi izifo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela i-glottis?

Kukho iimeko ezininzi kunye neengxaki ezinokuchaphazela i-glottis. Makhe sijonge ukuba ziyintoni na:

• I-Glottic Stenosis: Olu luhlobo lwe-laryngeal stenosis. I-Glottic stenosis kuxa i-glottis yakho iba mxinwa kakhulu. Inokubakho xa uzalwa. Okanye ingavela emva kokuba izicubu ziqhekekile ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye usulelo.
• Ukungakwazi ukuthetha kakuhle: Kule meko, iintambo zelizwi azivaleki kakuhle xa uthetha. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokungena kokutya neziselo kumbhobho womoya (i-aspiration). Kunokubangela neempawu ezifana nokurhawuzelela kunye nobunzima bokuginya.
• Umhlaza weGlottic: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza we-laryngeal. Umhlaza weGlottic uqala kwimicu yelizwi okanye kwizicubu ezixhasayo kwi-glottis.

Kwakhona, iimeko ezichaphazela ii-vocal cords zakho nazo zinokuchaphazela i-glottis. Ezinye zazo ziquka:

• I-Laryngitis (le yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo)
• I-Laryngospasm (ukufinyela ngequbuliso kwe-larynx)
• Uxinzelelo lweMisipha Uxinzelelo lweMisipha (Iingxaki zelizwi ezibangelwa kukuxinana kwemisipha)
• I-Reinke's Edema (imeko apho iintambo zelizwi zivuvukala)
• I-Spasmodic Dysphonia (utshintsho lwelizwi olubangelwa yingxaki yemithambo-luvo kwiintambo zelizwi)
• Ukuvaleka kweLaryngeal okungavumelekanga (eyayisakuba yiVocal Cord Dysfunction)
• Amaqhuqhuva eNtambo yelizwi, iiPolyps, kunye neeCysts
• Ukukhubazeka kweNtambo yeVolo okanye iParesis (Ukukhubazeka kweNtambo yeVolo okanye iParesis)

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zengxaki ye-glottis?

Ukuba unemeko echaphazela i-glottis yakho, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi (i-Dysphonia)
• Ukuziva intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki xa uginya okanye uthetha
• Umphimbo obuhlungu okanye ukukhwehlela
• Ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia)
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)

Ukuba uneempawu ezinje, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwayo ukujonga impilo ye-glottis?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, unokufuna ukubona ingcali ukuze ichonge iingxaki ezichaphazela i-glottis. Iingcali zendlebe, impumlo, nomqala (ENT), iingcali ze-laryngologists ezinyanga iingxaki zebhokisi yelizwi, kunye neengcali ze-speech-language pathologists (SLPs) ezigxile koku zinokunceda.

Ezinye iimvavanyo onokuthi ufune ukuzenza:

• Uvavanyo olusebenzisa ikhamera ekhethekileyo ukujonga ngokusondeleyo amaqhuqhuva akho. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-laryngoscopy kunye ne-videostroboscopy.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuze kujongwe iingxaki zesakhiwo. Umzekelo, i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography Scan) okanye i-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
• Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lokujonga usulelo, olufana novavanyo lwegazi kunye nenkcubeko yomphimbo.
• Ukuhlola isampuli yethishu ukuze kubonwe ukuba akukho zimpawu zomhlaza na. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwezifo ezinxulumene ne-glottis?

Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango eziqhelekileyo:

• Amayeza okunciphisa usulelo kunye nokudumba, kunye nokunciphisa iintlungu.
• Unyango lwelizwi .
• Ukuphumla kwelizwi (hayi ukuthetha okanye ukucula).
• Kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka utyando .

Ndingawanyamekela njani amaqhuqhuva am kakuhle? (Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka ndizikhumbule)

Ukunyamekela kakuhle amaqhuqhuva akho kuthetha ukuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela imicu yakho yelizwi. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba kwaye unciphise ukusetyenziswa kotywala:Umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibindi uyanda ngokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba nokusela utywala obuninzi. Ukutshaya notywala nako kunokomisa imicu yakho yelizwi, nto leyo enokwenza kube lula ukuba yonakale.
• Hlala Umanzi: Ukuhlala umanzi kuthetha ukuba iintambo zakho zelizwi akufuneki zisebenze nzima ukuze zingcangcazele. Oku kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa ilizwi lakho kwaye kungenzeki ukuba lonakale. Kwakhona, ukuhlala umanzi kunceda ekunciphiseni i-mucus enokuqokelelwa kwi-glottis yakho, okwenza kube lula ukuyicoca. Oku kuya kukunceda uphephe ukukhohlela nokucoca umqala wakho. Ukukhohlela akulunganga kwiintambo zakho zelizwi.
• Thintela usulelo lokuphefumla: Thatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukugula. Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo, kwaye uhlale kude nabantu abanomkhuhlane de baphile.
• Ziphephe izinto eziyingozi emqaleni wakho: Ziphephe iindawo ezinothuli oluninzi kunye neekhemikhali kangangoko unako. Ezi zinokuba yingozi emqaleni wakho.
• Kuphephe ukucinezela ilizwi lakho: Ukuba ilizwi lakho litsho ngelizwi eliphantsi okanye livakala libuthathaka, zama ukungathethi okwethutyana. Ukuba usafuna ukuthetha, kodwa ufuna ukuliphumza ilizwi lakho, sebenzisa imakrofoni.

Nangona igama elithi "ibhokisi yelizwi" lisenokuvakala lilula, i-larynx yakho ngokwenene yisakhiwo esintsonkothileyo esinamacandelo aliqela, kuquka ne-glottis. Ukwazi nge-glottis yakho kunokukunceda uqonde ngakumbi ngendlela esebenza ngayo i-vocal cords yakho. Kunokukunceda nokuba uzinyamekele kakuhle. Nangona i-glottis yakho yinxalenye encinci yomqala wakho, eli lungu lincinci lidlala indima enkulu ekukuncedeni uphefumle, uthethe, kwaye wenze ilizwi lakho elahlukileyo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulinyamekela!

I-Glottis , iintambo zelizwi, ilizwi, i-larynx, ukuphefumla, izifo zomqala, ibhokisi yelizwi