Ngaba kufuneka sifunde ngee-H2 Blockers xa une-heartburn kunye ne-gastritis?

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ukunyuka kwe-asidi esiswini, isitshiso sentliziyo, okanye ukungonwabi esiswini emva kokutya? Okanye ngaba unesifo esifana ne-gastritis? Mhlawumbi sele uve ngohlobo lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-H2 blockers. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba zeziphi ezi H2 blockers, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, kunye neemeko ezisetyenziswa kuzo.

Zithini ii-H2 blockers (ii-H2 antagonists)?

Ngamafutshane, ii-H2 blockers luhlobo lwamayeza anciphisa ubungakanani be-asidi eveliswa esiswini sakho. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba i-asidi yesisu yenzelwe ntoni. I-asidi yesisu ibalulekile ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ziqala xa le asidi iba ninzi kakhulu. Emva koko izicubu ezibuthathaka zenkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya (GI - indlela yesisu) zinokonakala. Yiyo loo nto iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu kunye ne-heartburn zenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutya ukutya okuneziqholo kunokuba nzima kangangokuba unokucinga, "Owu, kutheni nditye loo nto?"

Ngoko ke, ukuba ungumntu oneempawu ezibangelwa kukwanda kwe-asidi yesisu, ungacinga ngokusebenzisa i-H2 blocker.

Ziziphi iimeko ezinyangwa nge-H2 blockers?

Ii-H2 blockers zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga iimeko ezinxulumene nokuveliswa kwe-asidi egqithisileyo esiswini. Kodwa kukho into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ngokuqhubeka nokusebenzisa la mayeza, ukusebenza kwawo kunokuncipha kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo nesihlala ixesha elide esibandakanya i-asidi egqithisileyo esiswini, ungacinga ngohlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-proton pump inhibitor (PPI) . Nangona ii-PPI zingasebenzi ngokukhawuleza njenge-H2 blockers, zikwanciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi esiswini kwaye zingasetyenziswa ixesha elide kune-H2 blockers. Ii-PPI luhlobo lwamayeza anamandla ngakumbi ekulawuleni i-asidi kune-H2 blockers.

Makhe sijonge ezinye zeemeko eziphambili ezinyangwa nge-H2 blockers:

Izilonda zesisu kunye nezilonda ze-duodenal

Xa i-asidi yesisu iphezulu kakhulu, inokutshaya ulwelo lwesisu kwaye ibangele izilonda. Ii-H2 blockers zinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu, zinika ezi zilonda ixesha lokuphola.

Kwakhona, i-asidi yesisu ngamanye amaxesha inokunyuka iye kwinxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu ethu amancinci (i-duodenum) ize ibangele izilonda apho. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba zizilonda ze-duodenal . Nangona ii-PPI zilunyango olusebenzayo koku, ii-H2 blockers nazo zinokunyanga le meko. I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile ii-H2 blockers zonyango lolondolozo lwexesha elifutshane ukuthintela ukwakheka kwezilonda ezintsha. Ugqirha wakho angathetha nawe malunga nonyango olufanelekileyo kunye nenkqubo yolondolozo kuwe.

I-reflux ye-Acid kunye ne-GERD

Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. I-acid refluxKuthetha ukuba i-asidi esesiswini iyabuya inyuke, oko kukuthi, inyuke, ize ingene emqaleni nge-esophagus (ipayipi yokutya). Yiyo le nto ibangela isitshiso sentliziyo. Ukuba le meko iyaqhubeka, ukudumba kwe-esophagus (i-esophagitis) nako kunokubakho. I-H2 blocker inokubonelela ngoncedo kwi-acid reflux ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa ukuba unesifo se-acid reflux sexesha elide, oko kukuthi, i-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) , kungcono ukusebenzisa i-PPI.

Isifo sikaZollinger-Ellison

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Iyenzeka xa iithumba ezithile emizimbeni yethu zibangela ukuba izisu zethu zivelise i-asidi eninzi kakhulu. Ii-H2 blockers zinokunceda ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika i-PPI.

Iimpawu ziyancipha ngenxa ye-H2 blockers

La mayeza anokunceda kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukudumba, ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya
• Intlungu yesisu
• Isitshiso sentliziyo kunye ne-reflux
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
• Isisu esimuncu, incasa emuncu emqaleni

Zisebenza njani ii-H2 blockers?

Elinye igama le-H2 blockers yi -histamine-2 (H2) antagonists . Eli gama lisinika umbono omncinci wendlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi ziyobisi. Usenokuba ufunde ngendima 'yomntu ochaseneyo' kwiklasi yesiNgesi xa wawusesikolweni. Kwisivakalisi, umntu ochaseneyo yinto ebangela ukuphazamiseka. Ngendlela efanayo, abantu abachaseneyo be-H2 bathintela ukuveliswa kwe-asidi yesisu.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Emva kokutya, umzimba wakho ukhupha ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-H2. Le H2 iyahamba ize inamathele kwiindawo ezithile (ii-H2 receptors) kwiiseli ezisezindongeni zesisu sakho. Olu qhagamshelo lubangela ukuba isisu sakho sikhuphe i-asidi.

Xa uthatha i-H2 antagonist, okanye i-H2 blocker, iyeza liya kwezo receptors ze-H2 ngaphambi kokuba i-H2 ikwazi ukuzibopha. Ngamafutshane, ii-H2 blockers "zivimba" i-H2 ekuzibopheni kwezo receptors. Oku kunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi esiswini.

Oku akuyi kuphazamisana nenkqubo yakho yokwetyisa. Kodwa kuya kunciphisa ubungakanani be-asidi eyongezelelweyo ebangela ezo mpawu zibuhlungu. Uyayazi?

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-H2 blockers? (Amayeza afumaneka kwimarike)

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-H2 blockers. Ezinye ungazithenga ngaphandle kwekhawuntara (OTC) kwikhemesti ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha (Rx). Ezinye zifuna imvume kagqirha. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwamayeza kunye nomthamo.

Iindidi ze-H2 blockers ezikhoyo ngoku zezi:

• I-Cimetidine ( igama lophawu, umzekelo, iTagamet®) - Le ifumaneka zombini i-OTC kunye ne-Rx.
• I-Famotidine(Igama lophawu, umzekelo, iPepcid®) - Oku kukwafumaneka zombini i-OTC kunye ne-Rx.
• I-Nizatidine (igama lophawu, umzekelo, i-Axid®) - Oku kungafumaneka kuphela nge-Rx.

Usenokuba ukhe weva ngeRanitidine ( eyaziwa ngegama lophawu iZantac®). Yayiyeyokuqala i-H2 blocker eyavunywa yi-FDA ngo-1983. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-Epreli 2020, i-FDA yayalela abavelisi ukuba basuse iRanitidine kwimarike. Isizathu soku kukuba uvavanyo lwe-FDA lufumanise ukuba xa iRanitidine igcinwe ixesha elide, amanqanaba e-carcinogen enokwenzeka (i-nitrosodimethylamine, okanye i-NDMA) anyuka ukuya kumanqanaba angakhuselekanga. Abaphandi bakwafumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-NDMA ayanda xa iRanitidine igcinwe kubushushu obuphezulu.

Ungayisebenzisa njani le yeza?

Uninzi lwee-H2 blockers ziza ngohlobo lweepilisi okanye iikhaphu ozithatha ngomlomo. Ngamanye amaxesha ziza nomgubo onokuwuxuba nolwelo kwaye usele kubantu abanengxaki yokuginya iipilisi.

Ezinye ii-H2 blockers zinganikwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV) , ingakumbi ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye awukwazi ukusela amayeza ngomlomo.

Leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuthatha i-H2 blocker?

Ukuba uyazi ukuba uza kutya into ongayithandiyo, njengesidlo esinongwe nge-spicy, kungcono ukuthatha i-H2 blocker malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ngaphambi kokuba uyitye. Ngale ndlela, iyeza linexesha lokuqala ukusebenza. Kulungile ukulithatha emva kokuba ugqibile ukutya, kodwa kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiyure ukuba iimpawu zakho ziphele.

Njengonyango lwexesha elifutshane kwimeko efana nesilonda esiswini, ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uthathe eli yeza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Kanye ngemini, ngaphambi kokuba ulale ebusuku.
• Okanye kube kanye kusasa kube kanye ebusuku.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba kufuneka usebenzise i-H2 blocker kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini ukulawula iimpawu zakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Akuyongcinga ilungileyo ukuthembela kwi-H2 blockers ixesha elide ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ii-H2 blockers zisebenze? Yahluke njani kwezinye amayeza?

Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neyure ukuziva ukhululekile kwiimpawu emva kokuthatha i-H2 blocker. Iziphumo zihlala ukusuka kwiiyure ezine ukuya kwezilishumi . Esi senzo sisebenza ngokukhawuleza senza kube lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba ufuna ukukhululeka ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuba une-heartburn ngamaxesha athile.

Ukuba ufuna uncedo olukhawulezileyo, ungazama i- antacid . Ii-antacids zinciphisa i-asidi esesiswini sakho. Ziza kuqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kune-H2 blocker, kodwa iziphumo zazo aziyi kuhlala ixesha elide njenge-H2 blocker.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ixesha elide, ingakumbi ukuba i-H2 blocker ayiniki ncedo lwaneleyo, kunokufuneka uthathe i-PPI. I-PPI ingathatha usuku olunye ukuya kwezine ukuba isebenze ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ihlala ixesha elide kakhulu kune-H2 blocker.

Ngaba ii-H2 blockers zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?

Ii-H2 blockers zinceda ngomngcipheko omncinci weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci zinokwenzeka.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo

• Intlungu yesisu
• Intlungu yemisipha
• Ukuqhinwa
• Urhudo (ukudumba kwesisu)
• Umlomo owomileyo
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu

Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokukodwa

Nangona zinqabile kakhulu, ii-H2 blockers zinokubangela iimpawu ze-neurological (umz., ukudideka, ukuthetha okungaqondakaliyo) kwamanye amaqela asengozini enkulu. Unamathuba amaninzi okuba nezi mpawu ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 kwaye ungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso okanye isibindi . Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zihlala ziphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuyeka amayeza.

Ngaba kukho iingxaki ngamanye amayeza?

Ezinye ii-H2 blockers (umzekelo, i-cimetidine) zinokuthintela amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo ukuba angasebenzi kakuhle. Umzekelo, i-cimetidine inokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezinye ii-SSRIs (uhlobo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zengqondo ezifana nokudakumba) kunye ne-warfarin (iyeza elithintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi).

Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba uqalise amayeza amatsha, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba kukho nayiphi na impembelelo embi kumayeza osele uwasebenzisa.

Ngaba kukhuselekile ukusebenzisa ii-H2 blockers ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokuncancisa?

Kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lokusebenzisa ii-H2 blockers ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa abaphandi bayazi ukuba iyeza lidlulela kubisi lwebele .

Ukuba usebenzisa i-H2 blocker kwaye ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Mbuze ukuba kukhuselekile na ukusebenzisa eli yeza ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngelixa uncancisa.

Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukuba kufuneka usebenzise ii-H2 blockers kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini ukulawula iimpawu zakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kubalulekile ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye ebangela iimpawu zakho. Usenokufuna isisombululo sexesha elide, njenge-PPI.

Kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unemiphumo emibi kwiyeza okanye uqaphela naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Umthamo wakho unokufuneka utshintshwe okanye unokufuneka utshintshele kwelinye iyeza.

Yeyiphi eyona blocker ikhuselekileyo ye-H2? Yeyiphi eyona ilungileyo kwi-GERD?

Ii-H2 blockers ezivunyiweyo yi-FDA zifana kakhulu ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko nokusebenza kwazo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usebenzisa amanye amayeza kwaye ucinga ngokusebenzisa i-H2 blocker, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Kubalulekile ukukhetha amayeza angaphazamisi ukusebenza kakuhle kwamayeza osele uwasebenzisa.

Kwi-GERD, nayiphi na i-H2 blocker inokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ze-acid reflux. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-acid reflux yakho ayihlali ixesha elide (njengakwi-GERD), kungcono ukuba ungayisebenzisi ngokupheleleyo i-H2 blockers kwaye ukhethe i-PPI. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-H2 blockers namhlanje, akunjalo?

Ii-H2 blockers, ii-antacids, kunye nee-PPI zonke zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa yi-asidi egqithisileyo esiswini. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngezinketho ezininzi kangaka, kunokudideka ukwazi ukuba yeyiphi omawukhethe.

Cinga ngale ndlela: Ukuba ufuna isiqabu sexesha elifutshane esihlala iiyure ezimbalwa, ii-H2 blockers zinokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kuwe. Ingakumbi ukuba uyazi ukuba unokufumana isitshiso sentliziyo emva kokutya into ekrakra, licebo elihle ukuthatha i-H2 blocker kwangaphambili.

Khumbula, ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga nale mithi, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwaziswa ngempilo yakho!

Izithinteli ze- H2, i-gastritis, ukudumba kwesisu, i-asidi yesisu, ukudumba kwesifuba, izilonda zesisu, amanqaku ezonyango eSinhala