Ngaba unegazi eliqhekekileyo emzimbeni wakho? Masifunde nge-hematoma ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wabetha into ethile ngamandla yaze yajika yaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, yadumba, yaza yabuhlungu xa uyichukumisa? Okanye wakha waphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba akukho ngozi, ulusu lutshintsha umbala ngequbuliso kwaye kuvela amahlwili egazi? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hematoma . Akukho nto yokoyika, masithethe ngayo ngokulula.

Yintoni le hematoma?

Ngamafutshane, i-hematoma yingqokelela yegazi emzimbeni wakho engenandlela yokuphuma. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi oqhekekileyo oqokelela amanzi kwindawo enye, kodwa oku kwenzeka emzimbeni wakho. Xa eli gazi liqokelelana, izicwili ezijikelezileyo ziqala ukuphuma. Ii-hematoma ezincinci zixhaphake kakhulu kwaye zinokukhula naphi na emzimbeni. Uninzi lwexesha, azibi nzulu kwaye ziya kuphola zodwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-hematoma zinokuba nkulu kakhulu, okanye ukuba zenzeka kufutshane nesitho esibalulekileyo, zinokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. Kulapho ke oku kuba yimeko efuna inkxalabo ethile. Kodwa akukho nto ibalulekileyo nge-hematoma ezincinci ezingabalulekanga kangako.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-hematoma?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-hematomas kuxhomekeke ekubeni zakheka phi. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili:

• Iihematoma zebele
• I-Cephalohematomas kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa
• Iintlobo zee-hematomas ezenzeka ngaphakathi kwentloko, oko kukuthi, ngaphakathi kwekhakayi. Umzekelo , ii-hematomas ze-subdural kunye nee-epidural hematomas ziyingozi kakhulu.
• Iimeko ezinje ngokopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ingakumbi i-hemoperitoneum .
• IiHematomas ezenzeka kwimisipha, ezifana neehematomas ze-rectus sheath, ezenzeka kufutshane nemisipha yesisu.
• Ii-hematomas ze-subchorionic zinokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• I- subungual hematoma sisilonda esiphuma phantsi kweenzipho. Ngamanye amaxesha, isikhonkwane esandleni okanye ezinyaweni zakho siya kuba lukhuni size sibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanye ngaloo ndlela.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-hematoma?

Xa i-hematoma inkulu, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ibonakalise iimpawu. Ngokufanayo, iimpawu zinokuvela ukuba ibekwe kwindawo encinci okanye ukuba isondele kwizicubu ezibalulekileyo.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo

Nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Intlungu: Ekubeni ii-hematomas zihlala zikhula emva kwengozi, intlungu luphawu oluphambili. Ivakala ngathi yintlungu ebukhali kwindawo echaphazelekayo.
• Ukudumba/Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ulusu lwakho lutshintsha umbala ngenxa ye-hematoma ekufutshane nolusu. Ngamanye amaxesha ibonakala ngathi ngamachaphaza amancinci abomvu ( iPetechiae).(ebizwa ngokuba yi-purpura), okanye ingaba ngamabala amakhulu amfusa (ebizwa ngokuba yi-purpura ), okanye ingaba yimivumbo emikhulu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esiyaziyo.
• Ukudumba: Ukuqokelelana kwegazi kunokutyhala izicwili ezingqongileyo, ezifana nolusu okanye izihlunu, kuze kubangele ukuba zidumbe. Ngamanye amaxesha oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-edema , kodwa xa sisithi ukudumba, uyayiqonda ingcamango.
• Iimpawu ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo: Ngamanye amaxesha le hematoma inokucinezela imithambo-luvo. Oku kunokubangela ukungaziva kakuhle kwamalungu omzimba (okubizwa ngokuba yi-paresthesia ), ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo kwiindawo ezithile, okanye iintlungu ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo.

Iimpawu eziyingozi - lumka kwezi!

Ezinye ii-hematomas ziyingozi kancinci, ingakumbi ezo zenzeka ngaphakathi entlokweni. Kuba indawo yokuba igazi liqokeleleke ngaphakathi kwentloko yethu incinci kakhulu. Xa igazi elinjalo liqokelelana, linokutyhala ingqondo lize libangele umonakalo engqondweni. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngezi mpawu.

Iimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-hematoma yangaphakathi kwentloko

• Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso.
• Ukuziva ngathi icala elinye lomzimba okanye elinye icala lobuso liyaphela, uzive ubuthathaka.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha (i-Aphasia) okanye ubunzima bokuginya (i-Dysphagia).
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukungakwazi ukuhamba kakuhle, kunye nokungakwazi ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi yemisipha (ataxia).
• Ukuba neengxinano.
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuya kwi-coma.

Iimpawu ezilumkisayo ze-hematoma enkulu esifubeni okanye esiswini

Ngokufanayo, ukuba igazi elininzi liqokelelana ngaphakathi esifubeni okanye esiswini kwaye lenze i-hematoma, inokubangela iimpawu eziyingozi. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, utshintsho kwiindlela zokuphefumla. Umzekelo, ukuphefumla kungakhawuleza ( tachypnea ) okanye kucothe ( bradypnea ).
• Intlungu esifubeni okanye esiswini.
• Ukuphazima kwesikhumba ngequbuliso (ukufiphala), ukuziva ubanda, kunye nokubila.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu kakhulu, ingakumbi intlungu evakala imbi kakhulu kunengozi enokwenzeka okanye engenakucaciswa.

Ziziphi izizathu ze-hematoma?

Eyona nto ibangela i-hematoma ziingozi . Xa ubetha into enzima (i-blunt force trauma), igazi liqala ukuhamba ngaphakathi emzimbeni, kwaye igazi alinandawo yokuya, ngoko ke kuvela i-hematoma. Cinga ngayo xa uwe ndaweni ithile, okanye ukuba ubetha into ethile.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba kukho into ebambekayo emzimbeni wakho (ukulimala okungenayo), i-hematoma ingenzeka. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba uyayivala ngokukhawuleza inxeba ukuze uyeke ukopha (inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemostasis ). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inxeba liyaqhubeka nokopha emva kokuba livaliwe, i-hematoma ingenzeka.

Ngenxa yeengozi

Ezinye iimeko ezithile ezinokubangela i-hematoma enxulumene nengozi ziquka:

• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo , ingakumbi xa ithambo liphukile ngokupheleleyo.
• Iimeko ezinje ngokwaphuka kwempumlo, ukwaphuka kobuso, okanye ukwenzakala kwe-cartilage endlebeni, njenge-'cauliflower ear'.
• Ukulimala entloko kunye nokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu , ingakumbi ukopha ngaphakathi kwentloko .
• Ukulimala kwamalungu angaphakathi , ingakumbi xa kukho ukopha okukhulu.
• Izinto ezenzeka ngexesha lonyango. Umzekelo, ukuvuthuluka komthambo xa umgca we-IV ubekwe engalweni, okanye ukopha ngaphakathi emva kotyando.
• Ukudumba kwemisipha.
• Ukuqhekeka okuhlukeneyo kunye nokukrazuka kwezicubu emzimbeni.
• Ukwenzakala okubangelwa kukolula, okufana nokukruneka kwamalungu.

Ngenxa yezinye iimeko zempilo

Kukwakho neemeko zempilo ezinokubangela ukuba i-hematoma ivele, ngaphandle komngcipheko wokopha ngaphakathi. Nazi:

• Ukukrazuka komthambo wegazi, njenge-aorta (umz., ukuqhekeka komthambo wegazi).
• Iingxaki zokuqunjelwa kwegazi - umzekelo, i-hemophilia.
• Umhlaza wegazi - njenge-leukemia okanye i-lymphoma.
• Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi ngenxa yeethumba ezikhula ngaphakathi emzimbeni (ezi zinokuba zingenabungozi okanye zibe yingozi).
• Ukubetha kwegazi.
• Ukonakala kwamalungu omzimba angaphakathi ngenxa yezinto ezifana namatye ezintso.
• Izifo ezibangela izilonda kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Ukopha engqondweni ngenxa yezifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu). (Nangona sithi "uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu", eli ligama lezonyango).
• I-aneurysm eqhumayo yi-bulge efana nebhaluni kwimithambo yegazi (i-aneurysm).
• Izifo ezosulelayo ezibangela ukopha emzimbeni, umzekelo, ezinye izifo ezibangelwa kukopha ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.

Ngaba i-hematoma ingabangela iingxaki?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-hematoma ayibangeli iingxaki ezinkulu, kodwa ukuba kukho ukopha okuninzi, iingxaki zinokuvela. Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho zezi:

• Ukothuka kwe-Hypovolemic:Oko kuthetha ukothuka okubangelwa kukulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi emzimbeni.
• I-Ischemia: Xa i-hematoma icinezela umthambo wegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyo kuyanqanyulwa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi lilahleke kuloo ndawo.
• Iimpawu zokucinezelwa kwemithambo-luvo.

Ezinye iingxaki zinokwenzeka ngokuxhomekeke kwimbali yakho yempilo kunye nezinye izinto. Ugqirha wakho angakunika iingcebiso ezilungileyo malunga nomngcipheko wakho weengxaki.

Ungazi njani ukuba yintoni i-hematoma?

Ugqirha unokuxilonga i-hematoma ngokukuxilonga ngokwasemzimbeni aze enze uvavanyo oluthile lwemifanekiso.

Uvavanyo lomzimba lubaluleke kakhulu, ingakumbi ukuba ukhe waba sengozini. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ulusu lwakho ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho, amamele nge-stethoscope, aze atsale amehlo. Ukutsale amehlo kuyanceda kuba i-hematoma ivakala yahlukile xa uyichukumisa kunezicubu eziphilileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza nangeempawu zakho, njengokuthi ziqale nini kwaye njani.

IiHematoma kulula ukuzibona nge -imaging scans kuba zinokujonga ngaphakathi emzimbeni. IiMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans zezona zibalaseleyo ekuboniseni iiHematoma, ingakumbi ezo zingaphakathi emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, i-MRI scan ithatha ixesha elide kunezinye ii-scans. Yingakho oogqirha besebenzisa olu hlobo lwee-scans:

• I-Computed Tomography (CT) scan: Oku kunokujonga i-hematoma engaphakathi entloko ebangela uxinzelelo kwizicubu zobuchopho.
• I-Angiography: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekufumaneni iindawo apho igazi liphuma khona emzimbeni kunye nee-hematomas ezinxulumene noko.
• I-ultrasound scan: Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga ii-hematomas ezikufutshane nolusu okanye kwiindawo ezithile, njengakwisibeleko.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo. Uza kukuxelela okungakumbi malunga nendlela ezi mvavanyo ezinokukunceda ngayo.

Iphathwa njani i-hematoma?

Ii-hematoma ezincinci azidingi nyango luphezulu kwaye zinokunyangwa ngezinto ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya. Ukuba unemivumbo okanye ukukruquka okuncinci, sebenzisa indlela ye-RICE .

Izinto ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya (indlela yeRICE)

I-RICE yindibaniselwano yoonobumba abane. Ithetha oku:

• R - Phumla: Phumla indawo eyonzakeleyo kwaye iya kuqala ukuphola ngokukhawuleza.
• I - Umkhenkce: Faka ipakethe yomkhenkce. Kodwa musa ukubeka umkhenkce ngqo eluswini, wusonge ngelaphu elincinci, kungenjalo ulusu lunokuqandusela kwaye lonzakale (iqabaka) .
• C - Uxinzelelo: Songa indawo eyonzakeleyo ngokuqinileyo, ngokungathi usebenzisa ibhandeji elastiki.
• E - Phakamisa: Gcina indawo eyonzakeleyo ingaphezulu kwentliziyo yakho.

Iimeko ezifuna unyango

Ukuba i-hematoma imbi kakhulu, into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukulawula naziphi na iziphumo eziyingozi okanye iingxaki. Umzekelo, ukuba kukho ukulahleka kwegazi okuninzi , kufuneka utofelo-gazi , okanye ukuba intliziyo iyekile , ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo (CPR) kwenziwa ukuze kugcinwe ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Wakuba uphumile kwingozi ekhawulezileyo, unyango lugxila ekujongeni unobangela we-hematoma. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Utyando: Lungisa imithambo yegazi kunye nezicubu ezonakeleyo.
• Iindlela zokususa i-hematoma: Umzekelo, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-centesis isebenzisa inaliti ukususa igazi eliqokelelweyo emzimbeni.
• Ukulungisa amathambo aphukileyo nokuwabeka kwindawo apho angenakushukuma khona.
• Ukususa igazi eliqokelelweyo: Oku kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiindawo ezingqongileyo, kwaye kuya kuba lula ngomzimba ukuba uphile.
• Amayeza: Anceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene noko.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango. Uza kukuchazela iindlela ezahlukeneyo onokukhetha kuzo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxaki okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-hematoma?

Ukuba une-hematoma, amava akho aya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Ingachatshazelwa bubungakanani bayo, unobangela we-hematoma, kunye nembali yakho yezonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kuba ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukukuxelela into omawuyilindele kunye nento omawuyenze kwimeko yakho ethile. Baza kukuxelela nokuba imeko yakho iya kuba njani kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyiphucula.

Ngaba ukwakheka kwe-hematoma kungathintelwa?

IiHematomas zihlala zenzeka ngokungalindelekanga, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuzithintela. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nazo:

• Ukuthintela iingozi okanye ukunciphisa ubukhali bazo: Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokhuseleko. Umzekelo, ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko, ukunxiba amabhanti ezimotweni. Nezinto ezincinci zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
• Ukulawula iimeko ezingapheliyo: Oku kunokukunceda ukulibazisa okanye ukuthintela iimeko ezinzulu ezifana nestroke kunye nokopha kwegazi ebuchosheni. Kunganciphisa nomngcipheko wokwakheka kwe-hematoma ngenxa yeengxaki zokujiya kwegazi/ukopha.
• Lumka xa uzilolonga kwaye uqeqesha:Ekubeni ii-hematomas zinokwakheka ngenxa yomonakalo kwizihlunu nakwizicubu ezithambileyo, ukuthintela loo monakalo kuya kunciphisa amathuba okwakheka kwee-hematomas.

IiHematoma zinokuvela ngenxa yezinye iimeko zonyango ezihlala ixesha elide. Ukuba unayo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuthintela iiHematoma.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-hematoma?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza ukuze uzinyamekele kukuphepha ukwenzakala okubangele i-hematoma kwaye uyenze ibe mandundu. Ukuyinika ixesha lokuphola kudla ngokwanela. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nendlela yokunceda i-hematoma iphole, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha. Angakunika ulwazi oluchanekileyo noluluncedo oluphathelele imeko yakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba unazo ezi zinto, kufuneka uthethe okanye ubone ugqirha malunga ne-hematoma.

Ixesha lokufumana ingcebiso yezonyango rhoqo

• Ukuba kukho inxeba elingapholiyo emva kweeveki ezimbini.
• Ukuba unemivumbo rhoqo ngaphandle kokufumana unobangela, okanye ukuba unemivumbo ebuya rhoqo.
• Ukuba inxeba lihamba nezinye iimpawu, oko kungaba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu engundoqo (umzekelo: ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukungaziva, ukuphelelwa zimvakalelo, ukutshintsha kombala wolusu ngenxa yokungahambi kakuhle kwegazi).

Iimeko apho kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko!

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, nceda ufune uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zesimo esiyingozi esinxulumene ne-hematoma:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Intloko ebuhlungu ngequbuliso, enganyamezelekiyo, neqatha.
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka kwelinye icala lomzimba.
• Ubunzima bokugcina ibhalansi.
• Utshintsho kwimbono.
• Ubunzima bokuthetha ngokucacileyo.
• Ukucaphuka nokuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• "Kutheni ndifumene le hematoma?"
• "Inzulu kangakanani le nto?"
• "Ndingayinyanga le nto ekhaya? Okanye kukho into endinokuyenza ukuyinyanga?"
• "Ingaba oku kufuna unyango lobuchwephesha? Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinokukhetha kuzo?"
• "Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba i-hematoma yam iphole?"

I-hematoma ingaba yingozi kangakanani?

I-hematoma inokwahluka ukusuka kwencinci ukuya kwenzulu. Izinto eziphambili ezichaza ukuba i-hematoma inzulu kangakanani zezi:

• Yintoni isizathu soko?
• Ingakanani inkulu?
• Iphi?
• Nokuba ingenzakalisa into ejikeleze yona, okanye sele iyenzakalisa.
• Nokuba oku kuyachaphazeleka yimeko yakho yangoku okanye yangaphambili yempilo kwaye kungayenza ibe yingozi ngakumbi.

Cinga ngayo, i-hematoma isenokuba linxeba elincinci elibangelwa kukubetheka unyawo lwakho etafileni, okanye isenokuba lihlwili legazi elimfusa phantsi kweenzipho zakho elivela kumntu onyathela unyawo lwakho. Kodwa ukuba i-hematoma inkulu, isasazeke emzimbeni wakho, okanye ihamba neempawu ezithile, ayilunganga ukuyityeshela.

Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokusindisa ubomi kwimeko ye-hematoma enzima. Ngokufanayo, ukunyanga imivumbo emincinci kunye nokuzivumela ukuba ziphilise ngokufanelekileyo kunokunceda ukuba ziphele njengoko umzimba uphola.

Okokugqibela, khumbula (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, i-hematoma yingqokelela yegazi emzimbeni. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zibonakala njengemivumbo emincinci kwaye ziyaphola ngokwazo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ulumke kakhulu malunga ne-hematoma ezinkulu, ezo zivela entlokweni, okanye ezo ziza neempawu eziyingozi ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu, kunye nokulahlekelwa yingqondo.

Kwimivumbo emincinci, ungasebenzisa indlela ye-RICE (ukuphumla, umkhenkce, ukucinezelwa, ukuphakama). Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imivumbo ayiphucuki emva kweeveki ezimbini, ukuba unemivumbo ephindaphindayo, engachazwanga, okanye ukuba uneempawu eziyingozi ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha.

Khumbula, indlela oziva ngayo ngomzimba wakho ibaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, akukabi lixesha lokufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Hlala usempilweni!

I - hematoma, imivumbo, ukopha, ukudumba, iimpawu, unyango, isilumkiso