Kuqhelekile ukuba nexhala kwaye ungakhululeki xa uxelelwa ukuba kufuneka wenze i-colonoscopy. Abantu abaninzi bayayiphepha kuba ifuna ukulungiselela okuninzi kwaye ithatha usuku lokuphumla emsebenzini. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho iimvavanyo onokuzenza ekhaya ukuze ufumane umhlaza we-colorectal kwangethuba? Nangona ezi zikho okwethutyana, kutshanje ziye zathandwa ngabantu abaninzi. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Zithini ezi mvavanyo zomhlaza wamathumbu ekhaya?
Ngamafutshane, ezi ziimvavanyo ezisebenzisa isampuli yendle yakho (isampulu yendle) ukukhangela iimpawu zomhlaza okanye ukukhula okungaphambi komhlaza (iipolyps). Umgangatho obalaseleyo wokufumanisa umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu yi-colonoscopy. Kodwa ukwenza oko kufuna ukutyelela ugqirha, i-anesthesia, kunye nokucoca amathumbu amakhulu ngokucokisekileyo.
Olu vavanyo lulula kakhulu kwaye lukhawuleza ukwenziwa ekhaya. Lukwayindlela elungileyo kwabo bangafuniyo ukwenza i-``(Colonoscopy)`` okanye abanengxaki yokufumana ixesha lokwenza oko. Lukhuselekile kwaye luyasebenza, kodwa zombini ezi ndlela zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki zazo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Ukuba ucinga ngovavanyo lomhlaza ekhaya, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba, ufunde iinkcukacha, kwaye wenze izicwangciso zokuxoxa ngeziphumo.
Zeziphi iintlobo zovavanyo ezi?
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zovavanyo ekhaya. Zonke ezintathu zibandakanya ukuqokelela isampuli yesitulo, kodwa zahlukile kwindlela ezisebenza ngayo kunye nokuba kufuneka zenziwe kangaphi.
| Igama lovavanyo | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | Lixesha lokukwenza |
|---|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi oluvela kwindle yaseGuaiac (gFOBT) | Uvavanyo lwekhemikhali olufumanisa igazi elifihliweyo kwindle (igazi elingaqhelekanga). Oku kufuna iintsuku ezininzi zeesampuli zendle. Ukutya kunye namayeza athile anokuchaphazela iziphumo. | Qho ngonyaka. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Fecal immunochemical (FIT) | Oku kukwabona igazi elifihliweyo esitulweni. Nangona kunjalo, kusetyenziswa ii-antibodies ezikhethekileyo koku. Ezi antibodies zibopha kuphela kwiproteni ye-hemoglobin egazini. Ngokwesiqhelo, isampulu enye yesitulo yanele. Akukho lawulo lokutya okanye amayeza olufunekayo. | Qho ngonyaka. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-DNA yestool enezinto ezininzi ezijolise kuzo (umz. iCologuard) | Ukongeza ekufumaneni igazi elifihliweyo esitulweni, ikwabona ne-DNA etshintshileyo, okanye ii-genes, ezinokubaleka kumhlaza okanye ii-polyps zize zongezwe esitulweni. | Rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3. |
Ngubani olungele olu vavanyo?
Ngokwezikhokelo zonyango, abantu abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu kufuneka baqale ukuxilongwa ukususela kwiminyaka engama-45 ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-75 ubuncinane.
Uvavanyo lwasekhaya lunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo ukuba unezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba kunzima ukuthatha ikhefu emsebenzini, lungiselela kwaye wenze i-colonoscopy.
- Ukuba uyoyika ukuthomalalisa umzimba.
- Ukuba unezinye iimeko zempilo ezikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu weengxaki ezivela kwi-anesthesia.
Ngubani osengozini ephezulu kuneqhelekileyo?
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu, ibali lahlukile kancinci. Abantu abanjalo banokufuna ukuxilongwa besebancinci kwaye rhoqo. Kwaye badla ngokucetyiswa ukuba benze i-"colonoscopy" kuba ivumela ugqirha ukuba ajonge ngqo ngaphakathi kwamathumbu amakhulu aze asuse naziphi na ii-polyps ezinokuba ngumhlaza.
Uthathwa njengosengozini enkulu ukuba:
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu, iintlobo ezithile zeepolyps, okanye iimeko zofuzo ezonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza.
- Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu okanye iipolyps, oko kungaba ngumhlaza.
- Ukuba unezinye izifo zekholoni okanye i-rectum, umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-`(Ulcerative Colitis)` okanye `(Isifo sikaCrohn)`.
Lusebenza njani olu vavanyo lwasekhaya?
Uvavanyo ngalunye lufuna ukuba uqokelele isampuli yendle, uyipakishe ebhegini, uze uyithumele kwilebhu okanye kwiofisi kagqirha. Uhlala ufumana le khithi yovavanyo kunye nomyalelo kagqirha.
Kutheni le nto ezi mvavanyo zikhangela igazi kwindle?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba une-polyps ezinkulu okanye ukukhula komhlaza kumathumbu akho amakhulu. Imithambo yegazi ekuyo ilungile kakhulu. Njengoko indle idlula kuyo, le mithambo yegazi mincinci inokonakala, kwaye igazi elincinci kakhulu ukuba lingabonwa ngamehlo linokongezwa kwindle. Olu vavanyo lukhangela elo gazi lifihliweyo.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku. Umhlaza awungowona kuphela unobangela wegazi esitulweni. Ungabangelwa nazezinye iimeko, ezifana nee-hemorrhoids okanye izilonda kumathumbu amakhulu. Yiyo loo nto ukuba uvavanyo lubonise ukuba kukho i-HIV, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe i-colonoscopy ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela ochanekileyo.
Uvavanyo lweCologuard lusebenza njani?
Uvavanyo lweCologuard lwahlukile kancinci kolunye kuba lufuna ukuba uthumele isampuli epheleleyo yendle. Le khithi ingaziswa ekhayeni lakho ngokwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Usebenzisa izixhobo ezikwikhithi, uqokelela isampuli yendle, wongeze ulwelo kuyo, uyivale, uze uyithumele kwilebhu.
Kwilabhoratri, iingcali, ukongeza ekujongeni igazi elikwisitulo, zikwajonga ne -DNA etshintshileyo enokuphuncuka kwiiseli zomhlaza.
Ziphumelela kangakanani ezi mvavanyo zasekhaya?
I-Colonoscopy inokufumanisa malunga ne-99% yomhlaza. Eli pesenti liphantsi kancinci ngovavanyo lwasekhaya. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba lwenziwa rhoqo, kukho ithuba lokuba into ephosweyo ingafunyanwa kamva.
- I-Cologuard: Ifumanisa malunga ne-9 kwi-10 yomhlaza.
- Uvavanyo lwe-FIT: Lufumanisa malunga ne-8 kwi-10 yomhlaza.
- I-gFOBT: Ifumanisa malunga ne-7 kwi-10 yomhlaza.
Kodwa kukho enye into apha. Oko "kukungachaneki." Oko kukuthi, uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba usemngciphekweni nangona ungenawo umhlaza. Uvavanyo lweCologuard lunokunika ezi ziphumo zingachanekiyo kunovavanyo lwe-FIT.
Ekugqibeleni, akukho bungqina bubambekayo bokuba naziphi na kwezi ndlela zingcono kakhulu kunezinye iindlela ngokubhekiselele ekusindiseni ubomi. Oogqirha bathi uvavanyo olungcono lolo ulwenza ngokwakho. Kwabanye abantu, i-colonoscopy rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 ilula kunovavanyo lwasekhaya lonyaka. Kwabanye, i-colonoscopy ayisiyonto inzima. Kwabo bantu, uvavanyo lwasekhaya lusebenza ngakumbi.
Wenza ntoni emva kokuba iziphumo zifikile?
Nokuba luvavanyo luni na oluya kwenziwa, iziphumo ziya kufumaneka kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini. Emva koko , kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba.
- Ilungile/Ingaqhelekanga: Ukuba iziphumo zilungile, oko kuthetha ukuba kufunyenwe igazi okanye i-DNA etshintshiweyo kwindle. Musa ukoyika. Inyathelo elilandelayo, kuya kufuneka wenze i-'Colonoscopy' ukuze ufumane unobangela ochanekileyo.
- Okubi/Okuqhelekileyo: Ukuba isiphumo 'sibi', oko kuthetha ukuba akukho zinto zinobungozi ezifunyenweyo. Ungaphinda uvavanye ngokweshedyuli yakho yovavanyo eqhelekileyo (ngonyaka omnye kwi-'FIT', kwiminyaka emi-3 kwi-'Cologuard').
Nangona kunjalo, nokuba sele uvavanyiwe, ukuba uneempawu ezilandelayo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuzilungisa (umz. urhudo, ukuqhina).
- Igazi elingaphakathi okanye elihamba nesihlalo.
- Intlungu yesisu engapheliyo okanye ukuqaqamba.
- Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwasekhaya lomhlaza wamathumbu lukhetho oluhle kubantu abaninzi abasengozini eqhelekileyo.
- Iziphumo ezilungileyo ezivela kuvavanyo lwasekhaya azithethi ukuba unomhlaza, kodwa i-colonoscopy linyathelo elilandelayo.
- Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lovavanyo olulungele wena.
- Nokuba sele uvavanyiwe, musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana negazi elisesitulweni sakho, iintlungu zesisu, okanye ukwehla kobunzima. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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