Ngaba uyazi ngale thambo imangalisayo entanyeni yakho? - Konke malunga neHyoid Bone!

Ngaba wakha weva ngethambo elincinci, kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu entanyeni yakho? Eli likhethekile kancinci, kuba lelona thambo 'lidadayo' emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeli thambo limangalisayo le-hyoid. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha nje ngokuba liyintoni, lisebenza ntoni, kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zeengxaki elinokuzibangela.

Yintoni iHyoid Bone?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni ithambo le-hyoid . Lithambo elincinci, elimile okwe-crescent ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Likwindawo engaphantsi kwe-mandible yakho nangaphezulu kwe-cartilage ye-thyroid egubungela iintambo zakho zelizwi. Ungabeka iminwe yakho apho isilevu sakho sidibana khona entanyeni yakho uze uginye amathe amancinci. Kulapho unokuliva khona ithambo le-hyoid.

Eyona nto ikhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba eli thambo le-hyoid lelona thambo 'lidadayo' emzimbeni wethu. Oko kukuthi, aliqhagamshelwanga ngokuthe ngqo nakweliphi na elinye ithambo. Ngoko ke libanjwa njani endaweni yalo? Libanjwe yimisipha, izihlunu kunye ne-cartilage. Khawuthelekelele, kufana nokuxhonywa kwintambo.

Zithini imisebenzi yethambo le-hyoid?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kwenzeka ntoni kweli thambo lincinci. Khawucinge nje, eli lincinci kodwa lenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu.

• Inceda ekuthetheni: Oku kunceda ekushukumeni kolwimi xa sithetha. Ikwabandakanyeka nakwiintshukumo zengxolo.
• Inceda ekuginyeni: Eli thambo le-hyoid lihamba phezulu nasezantsi xa uginya ukutya nokusela, nto leyo enceda kwinkqubo yokuginya. Uza kuvakalelwa kukuba lihamba phezulu nasezantsi xa uginya ukutya.
• Inceda ekuphefumleni: Ikwadlala indima ekuphefumleni, ingakumbi ekugcineni imigudu yomoya ivulekile.

Ayipheleli apho, kodwa ithambo le-hyoid likwasebenza njengenkxaso kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ezijikeleze lona. Umzekelo:

• Ngolwimi lwakho
• Kwimisipha esezantsi komlomo wakho
• I-larynx yakho okanye ibhokisi yelizwi - oko kukuthi, ibhokisi eyenza ilizwi
• I-Epiglottis - Le yinxalenye encinci efana nocango ethintela ukutya ukuba kungangeni kumbhobho womoya xa siginya.
• Umqala wakho (Pharynx)

Enye into kukuba ithambo le-hyoid liqhagamshelwe kwi-ligaments ezintathu ezinkulu kunye nemisipha emininzi entanyeni, kwaye lisebenza njengendawo yokuncamathisela kuzo.

Iphi ithambo le-hyoid?

Sitshilo ngaphambili ukuba oku kukwindawo engaphambili entanyeni yakho, ngaphantsi kwesandla sasekhohlo nangaphezulu kwe-thyroid cartilage. Ukucacisa okungakumbi, ithambo le-hyoid 'liyadada' phambi kwethambo lesine lomqolo wesibeleko emgogodleni wakho.

Ithambo le-hyoid libukeka njani?

Eli thambo le-hyoid limile njengonobumba wesiNgesi u-'U'.Yiyo leyo. Kukho iinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili koku:

• Umzimba oyintloko: Le yeyona ndawo ingaphambili neyona ityebileyo yethambo le-hyoid. Ihlala ibanzi malunga neesentimitha eziyi-2.5 kwaye ityebile malunga nesentimitha enye. Nangona kunjalo, inokuba nkulu kancinci kumadoda.
• Iimpondo ezinkulu okanye i-cornua enkulu: Ezi ziindawo ezinde, ezifana neengalo zethambo le-hyoid kumacala omabini encwadi ethi 'U'.
• Iimpondo ezincinci okanye i-lesser cornua: Ezi ziiprojektha ezimbini ezincinci zamathambo kufutshane nesiqalo seempondo ezinkulu. Kulapho i-stylohyoid ligament inamathela khona.

Kuyamangalisa ukuba xa umntwana ezalwa, ithambo le-hyoid liba ngamathambo amathathu ahlukeneyo. Njengoko sikhula, ngesiqhelo phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-60, la mathambo mathathu ayadibana ukuze enze isakhiwo esinye, esiqinileyo, esimile okwesihlangu sehashe. Kodwa abanye abantu abadibani ngolu hlobo. Akuyongxaki ukuba abadibani. Lutshintsho nje oluncinci kwisakhiwo esiqhelekileyo, kwaye alubangeli ngxaki.

Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela ithambo le-hyoid?

Kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokuchaphazela ithambo le-hyoid. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ezi zihlala zinqabile .

• I-Hyoid bone syndrome: Oku kukudumba kwemisipha kunye nemisipha ejikeleze ithambo le-hyoid. Oku kunokubangelwa kukulimala kwe-tendonitis okanye entanyeni (njenge -whiplash, ukwenzakala kwentamo ngequbuliso).
• Ukuphuka kwethambo le-hyoid / Ukuphuka kwe-Hyoid: Ukuphuka kwethambo le-hyoid kunqabile kakhulu. Kubandakanya malunga ne-0.002% yazo zonke iimfantu zabantu. Oku kungenxa yokuba eli thambo lifihliwe kakuhle kwaye likhuselekile apho kudibana khona isilevu nentamo, ngoko aliphuki lula. Rhoqo, ithambo le-hyoid liyaphuka kwizenzo zobundlobongela ezifana nokukrwitshwa . Ngaphandle koko, kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nokuxhonywa, amanxeba okudutyulwa, kunye neengozi ezinkulu zemoto.
• I-Osteoradionecrosis (ORN): Le yimeko enzulu ngakumbi. Kukufa kwamathambo okubangelwa kukuvezwa kwimitha. Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abafumana unyango lwemitha yomhlaza wentloko nentamo. Idla ngokuchaphazela i-mandible, kodwa inokuchaphazela nethambo le-hyoid.
• I-Chondrosarcoma yethambo le-hyoid: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga kakhulu.I-Chondrosarcoma ngumhlaza wamathambo ongaqhelekanga oqala kwi-cartilage. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba olu hlobo lomhlaza luvele entlokweni nasentanyeni. Ngokweengxelo zonyango, zi-23 kuphela iimeko ze-chondrosarcoma zethambo le-hyoid ezibikiweyo kwihlabathi ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo olubonwa kubantu abanale meko sisiqhuma esikhula sibe sikhulu ngakumbi entanyeni.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki zethambo le-hyoid

Iimeko ezibandakanya ithambo le-hyoid zinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Intlungu ebusweni ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Intlungu yentamo.
• Umphimbo obuhlungu (mhlawumbi usulelo lomphimbo oluhlala ixesha elide - njenge -pharyngitis engapheliyo ).
• Utshintsho lwelizwi, ubunzima bokuthetha (iingxaki zelizwi).
• Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni.
• Ukuziva intlungu xa uginya ukutya nokusela.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okubangelwa kukungalali kakuhle .
• Ukugruzuka entanyeni.
• Isandi okanye imvakalelo efana nokuba amathambo ayakhuhlana ( crepitus ).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ( ukuphelelwa ngamandla ).
• Izilonda okanye izilonda emlonyeni okanye emqaleni.

Kubalulekile: Ezinye iimpawu zethambo le-hyoid zinokufana kakhulu nezo zeengxaki ze-temporomandibular joint (TMJ) . Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokukhokelela ekuxilongweni okungafanelekanga. Ukuba ufumana unyango lwemeko ye-TMJ kwaye awubi ngcono, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ingaba inxulumene nethambo le-hyoid.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezinceda ekuxilongeni izifo zethambo le-hyoid?

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuze babone ukuba kukho ingxaki kwithambo lakho le-hyoid. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Ii-X-reyi
• I-CT scan (CT - i-computed tomography scans)
• Iskeni yePET (iskeni yepositron emission tomography)

Olu vavanyo lunokunika oogqirha umbono olungileyo ngemeko yethambo lakho le-hyoid, nokuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo, okanye kukho ezinye iingxaki.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lwezifo zethambo le-hyoid?

Oku kuya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kodwa nantsi eminye yemithi eqhelekileyo:

• Amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba ( ii-NSAID - iziyobisi ezichasene nokuvuvukala ezingezizo ii-steroidal )
• Ii-antibiotics - ukuba kukho usulelo.
• Iinaliti ze-steroid - zinciphisa ukudumba.
• Amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu
• I-Tracheostomy - Inkqubo encinci yotyando eyenziwa entanyeni ukuze kuncitshiswe ubunzima bokuphefumla kwiimeko ezithile ezinzima.
• Utyando - Lungafuneka kwiimeko ezifana nethambo elaphukileyo okanye umhlaza.

Ugqirha wakho uza kugqiba unyango olulungele wena, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba uneempawu.

Ngaba umonakalo kwithambo le-hyoid ungathintelwa?

Enyanisweni, iimeko ezinxulumene nethambo le-hyoid zinqabile kakhulu, kwaye zihlala zibangelwa zizinto ezingaphaya kwamandla ethu. Umzekelo, kunzima kuthi ukuthintela ukwaphuka ngenxa yengozi. Ngoko ke kunzima kancinci ukuthi oku 'kunokuthintelwa'.

Kodwa, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona iimpawu kwaye ufune unyango kwangethuba . Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo entanyeni okanye emqaleni, ubunzima bokuginya, utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye naziphi na iimpawu esizixubushe ngaphambili, musa ukuzityeshela . Qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho. Banokufumana unobangela ngokukhawuleza baze baqalise unyango olufunayo.

Ingaba ithambo le-hyoid likwabizwa ngokuba yi-apile ka-Adam?

Hayi, loo nto ayilunganga. I-apile yakho ka-Adam, okanye njengoko siyibiza ngesiNgesi, i-laryngeal prominence yakho , yinxalenye ye -thyroid cartilage yakho. Khumbula, besitshilo ngaphambili ukuba ithambo le-hyoid lihlala ngaphezulu kwe-thyroid cartilage. Ngoko ke nangona ezi zakhiwo zimbini zisondelelene, ziindawo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho, kwaye zombini zenza imisebenzi eyahlukileyo. I-apile ka-Adam idla ngokubonakala ngakumbi kumadoda.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Kulungile, masikhumbule oku njengesishwankathelo sethambo le-hyoid esithethe ngalo namhlanje:

• Ithambo le-hyoid lithambo elincinci, 'elidadayo' ngaphambili entanyeni yakho elingadibaniyo nelinye ithambo.
• Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthetheni, ekuginyeni, nasekuphefumleni, kunye nakwiindawo ezixhasayo ezifana nolwimi kunye ne-larynx.
• Iimeko ezichaphazela oku zihlala zinqabile , ngoko ke ungoyiki ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu engapheliyo entanyeni/emqaleni, ubunzima bokuginya, okanye utshintsho kwilizwi, musa ukuzityeshela . Kububulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ithambo le-hyoid alilo iapile lika-Adam . Zizakhiwo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.

Nokuba ithambo lakho le-hyoid lincinci kwaye lifihliwe ngasemva komhlathi wakho ongezantsi, lisenza umsebenzi omninzi. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuliqaphela kwaye uthathe amanyathelo ukuba kukho ingxaki. Hlala ukhumbula, ukuba uziva ungaphili kakuhle, oogqirha bakhona ukukunceda.

Ithambo le - Hyoid, ithambo le-Hyoid, ithambo lentamo, ukuginya, ukuthetha, umphimbo obuhlungu, isifo se-hyoid