Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emizimbeni yethu emva kwengozi enkulu okanye xa silahlekelwa ligazi elininzi? Okanye yeyiphi imeko enzulu enokwenzeka xa umzimba ulahlekelwa ngamanzi ngenxa yorhudo oluqhubekayo nokuhlanza ? I-Hypovolemic Shock , esithetha ngayo namhlanje, yimeko eyingozi kakhulu kwaye isongela ubomi enokwenzeka ngexesha elinjalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda ngokuchanekileyo le nto kwaye wenze okuthile ngexesha.
Yintoni iHypovolemic Shock?
Ngamafutshane, le yimeko engxamisekileyo eyenzeka xa inani elikhulu legazi okanye olunye ulwelo (umz., ulwelo oluvela ekuhlanzeni okanye ekurhudeni) luphuma emzimbeni wethu ngequbuliso. Oku kubangela ukuba inani elipheleleyo legazi elijikeleza emzimbeni wethu, okanye umthamo wegazi, lehle ngequbuliso. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba 'yi-low-volume shock'.
Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi , ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto.
Cinga ngako, igazi libalulekile ekulawuleni ubushushu bomzimba wethu, ukujiya igazi xa sisopha igazi, nokuthwala ioksijini kunye nezondlo kwiseli nganye. Ngoko ke xa inani legazi lincipha kakhulu, amalungu ethu aphambili njengentliziyo, ingqondo, kunye nezintso awafumani ioksijini kunye nezondlo abazidingayo. Ngenxa yoko, loo malungu awakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle.
Le meko idla ngokubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu, njengokuqhekeka komthambo wegazi, okubangela ukopha kakhulu. Loo meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-hemorrhagic shock . Ingabangelwa kukutsha kakhulu, ukuhlanza okungapheliyo, kunye norhudo.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Iimpawu zoku zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka iminyaka yakho, naziphi na iimeko zempilo zangaphambili, unobangela wokulahleka kwegazi okanye ulwelo, ukuba kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, kunye nokuba kulahleke malini.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziphambili.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukopha kakhulu | Oku kubonakala ngokucacileyo xa umntu enzakele. Nangona kunjalo, akubonakali xa ephuma igazi ngaphakathi, njengokukhulelwa okungaphandle kwesibeleko (ukukhulelwa komntwana ngaphandle kwesibeleko) okanye umonakalo welungu lomzimba. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza | Intliziyo ibetha ngokukhawuleza kuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni. |
| Ukuphefumla kuba mfutshane kwaye kube ngokukhawuleza. | Ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini emzimbeni, ukuphefumla kuqala ngokukhawuleza nangokunganzulu. |
| Ubuthathaka bomzimba, ukudinwa | Umzimba uziva ungenabomi kuba iiseli azifumani amandla kunye neoksijini eziyidingayo. |
| Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo | Le meko yenzeka xa umlinganiselo wegazi oya ebuchotsheni uncipha. Nokuba intetho ingathetha into engaqondakaliyo. |
| Ukuchama okunciphileyo okanye ukuyeka ukuchama | Ngenxa yokungangeni kakuhle kwegazi ezintsoni, imveliso yomchamo iyehla. Olu luphawu oluyingozi kakhulu. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi | Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla ngenxa yokuncipha komthamo wegazi emzimbeni. |
| Ulusu olupholileyo, oluthambileyo | Umzimba unciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwiindawo ezifana nemilenze kwaye uqondisa igazi kwizitho ezibalulekileyo ezifana nentliziyo nengqondo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulusu lube bandayo kwaye lubile. |
Yintoni ebangela oku?
Izizathu zoku zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: ezo zibangelwa kukopha kunye nezo zibangelwa kukukhululwa kolwelo ngaphandle kokopha.
Izizathu zokopha
- Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo amakhulu, njenge-hip
- Amanxeba anzulu entloko nasentanyeni
- Ukonakala kwamalungu esisu, njengepleen , isibindi, nezintso, ngenxa yengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa
- Umngxuma okanye ukuqhekeka entliziyweni okanye emthanjeni omkhulu wegazi (njenge-aortic aneurysm)
- Ukopha ngenxa yezilonda kwindlela yokugaya ukutya
- Ukukhulelwa kwesibeleko
- Ukuphazamiseka kwe-placenta ngexesha lokukhulelwa
- Ukuqhekeka kwe-cyst ye-ovary
- Ukopha kakhulu ngexesha lokubeleka okanye kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24 emva kokubeleka
Izizathu zokungophi igazi
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu
- Urhudo oluqhubekayo kunye nokuhlanza
- Ukulahleka kolwelo emzimbeni ngenxa yokutsha kakhulu
- Ukuqokelelana kolwelo kwindawo enye yomzimba ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne -pancreatitis
Amanqanaba amane e-Hypovolemic Shock
Amanqanaba amane achongiwe ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bale meko, emiselwa bubungakanani begazi okanye ulwelo olulahlekileyo emzimbeni.
| Iqonga | Ubungakanani bokulahleka kwegazi/kolwelo | Iimpawu |
|---|---|---|
| Inqanaba loku-1 | Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15% (malunga ne-750 milliliters) | Uxinzelelo lwegazi, isantya sentliziyo, kunye nokuchama zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Usenokuziva uxhalabile kancinci. |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 | 15% – 30% (750-1500 ml) | Isantya sentliziyo siyanda. Ukuziva uxhalabile. Ulusu lunokubanda kancinci. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 | 30% – 40% (1500-2000 ml) | Uxinzelelo lwegazi luyehla kakhulu. Umchamo uphantsi kakhulu. Izandla neenyawo ziyabanda. Udidekile kakhulu. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 | Ngaphezulu kwama-40% (ngaphezulu kwama-2000 ml) | Imeko embi kakhulu. Isantya sentliziyo sikhawuleza kakhulu. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luphantsi kakhulu. Umchamo uyayeka. Usenokude ulahlekelwe yingqondo. |
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo koku kukusa isigulana esibhedlele, ingakumbi i-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) , ngokukhawuleza. Xa usiya apho, ukuba kukho ukopha okubonakalayo, kufuneka uzame ukukuthintela ngokucinezela ngelaphu elicocekileyo.
Esibhedlele, iqela lezonyango liza kuqala lizame ukusindisa ubomi bakho.
- Baza kuhlala bejonga ubushushu bakho, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi (ii-vitals).
- Uvavanyo olufana ne -X-ray, i-ultrasound scans, kunye ne-CT scans zenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo luyenziwa.
- I -ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) yenziwa ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
Njengonyango, kukho iinjongo ezintathu eziphambili:
1. Ukubonelela ngeoksijini eninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kuwo onke amalungu omzimba.
2. Ukuyeka okanye ukulawula ukopha.
3. Ukutshintsha igazi kunye nolwelo olulahlekileyo.
Ngenxa yoku, uza kunikwa i-saline (IV fluids) nge-cannula efakwe emthanjeni. Ukuba umthamo wegazi lakho wehlile ngaphezulu kwama-30%, unokufuna utofelo-gazi . Ukuba kukho ukopha ngaphakathi okanye ingxaki yabasetyhini, unokufuna utyando ukuze uyeke.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?
Ukuba le meko ayinyangwanga kakuhle kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka iingxaki ezinkulu kakhulu.
- Ukuba oku kubangelwa kukwenzakala, kusenokwenzeka usulelo .
- Ukonakala kwamalungu omzimba okungapheliyo kwizitho ezifana nezintso, intliziyo, nengqondo.
- Ekugqibeleni, nokufa kunokwenzeka.
Ukuchacha kwakho kuxhomekeke ekubeni ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza kangakanani, ukuba ulahlekelwe ligazi elingakanani, nokuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo. Ngoko ke ukuba urhanela ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye umse esibhedlele.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukothuka kwe-Hypovolemic yimeko engxamisekileyo eyingozi kakhulu ebangelwa kukulahleka kwegazi okanye ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni.
- Izizathu eziphambili zoku zinokuba kukopha kakhulu, ukuhlanza/urhudo olungapheliyo, kunye nokutsha kakhulu.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudideka, kunye nokubanda kolusu , thatha isigulana usise kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukulibazisa unyango kunokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwamalungu omzimba afana nezintso kwanokufa, ngoko ke ixesha libaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uyayirhanela le meko, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ungaze uzityeshele ezi mpawu.
Umothuko weHypovolemic IsiSinhala, umthamo wegazi ophantsi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, iingozi, ukopha kakhulu, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, umothuko
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