Ngaba nawe unentloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela obona ngayo? Ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi uva ingxolo ezindlebeni zakho okanye ubona izinto ezimbini emehlweni akho? Nangona abantu abaninzi becinga ukuba le yi-migraine eqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha unobangela wale nto unokuba yimeko ekhethekileyo eyonyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi entlokweni yethu. Nangona oku kunokubonakala kuyoyikisa kancinci, ukuba uyayiqonda kakuhle kwaye uyinyanga ngexesha, inokulawulwa kakuhle. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko abantu abaninzi abangayaziyo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyazi.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)?
Eli gama livakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, akunjalo? Masilihlalutye igama negama size siliqonde.
- Idiopathic : Oku kuthetha ukuba "akukho sizathu saziwayo." Oku kuthetha ukuba oogqirha basazama ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo wesifo.
- Intracranial: Oku kuthetha "ngaphakathi kwentloko."
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Oku kuthetha "uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu."
Ngamafutshane, i-Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) kukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi entloko ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo.
Cinga ngayo, ingqondo yethu ayisiyonto nje engaphakathi ekhakhayini. Kukho ulwelo olukhethekileyo oluyijikelezileyo ukuze luyikhusele. Silubiza ngokuba yiCerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) . Olu lwelo lweCSF lukhusela ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo wethu ekubetheni nasekungqubaneni. Olu lwelo lweCSF luhlala luveliswa ngaphakathi emzimbeni wethu, kwaye luphinda lufunxwe ngumzimba. Kanye njengokuba itanki izaliswe ngamanzi, kwaye amanzi aphuma kwelinye icala.
Kwi-IIH, ngesizathu esithile, olu lwelo lwe-CSF luveliswa kakhulu okanye aluphindi lufunxwe ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni. Oku kubangela ukuba olu lwelo luqokelele ngaphakathi kwentloko kwaye lunyuke kancinci kancinci kuxinzelelo. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu alunakuchaphazela kuphela ingqondo yethu, kodwa kunye nomthambo we-optic onceda amehlo ethu abone.
Le meko yayibizwa ngokuba yi-'pseudotumor cerebri' ngaphambili. Ithetha ukuthi 'ithumba lobuchopho elingelolokwenyani.' Isizathu sokuba ibizwa njalo kukuba iimpawu zayo zifana kakhulu nezo zethumba lobuchopho. Kodwa khumbula, i-IIH ayilohlobo lomhlaza okanye ithumba lobuchopho.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-IIH?
Umntu onesi sifo unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa ezi zezona mpawu ziphambili nezixhaphakileyo. Masijonge oku kwitheyibhile ukuze sikuqonde kakuhle.
| Uphawu | Ivakalelwa njani loo nto? |
|---|---|
| Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu | Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Alufani nentloko ebuhlungu eqhelekileyo. Luqala ngequbuliso, alunyamezeleki, kwaye lunokuqala ngasemva kwentloko luze lusasazeke entanyeni. Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu iba mandundu xa uvuka kusasa. |
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokubona | Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukubona okufipheleyo, ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso imizuzwana embalwa, ukubona kabini, okanye ukulahleka kombono ongaphandle. Olu lolona phawu luyingozi kakhulu. |
| Ukuva iingxolo ezindlebeni (i-Tinnitus) | Isandi esirhabaxa, esifana nesandi "sokuqhula", sinokuvakala ezindlebeni, esifana nesingqi sokubetha kwentliziyo. Oku kunokubacaphukisa kakhulu abanye abantu. |
| Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu | Abanye abantu banokuba nesicaphucaphu kunye nokuhlanza kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. |
| Intlungu yentamo negxalaba | Ukongeza kwintloko ebuhlungu, ungaziva ukuqina okanye intlungu entanyeni nasemagxeni. |
| Ukudinwa | Usenokuziva udiniwe kwaye ulele ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile. |
Ekubeni ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakwezinye izifo, ukuba ufumana into efana nale, kungcono ukuba udibane nogqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
Kutheni le meko isenzeka? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, isizathu esichanekileyo soku asaziwa, kodwa oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba olu xinzelelo lunokubangelwa kukuvaleka kwendlela ethwala ulwelo lwe-CSF okanye ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo emikhulu (i-venous sinuses) ebuchotsheni.
Nangona le meko inokuvela nakubani na, abanye abantu banokuba nayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba bangoobani.
- Abafazi: Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda, ingakumbi abafazi abakwiminyaka yokuzala (phakathi kweminyaka engama-20-45 ubudala).
- Ukutyeba kakhulu: Abantu abatyebe kakhulu ngenxa yobude babo, oko kukuthi abo bane-Body Mass Index (BMI) engaphezulu kwama-30, basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yi-IIH. Abaphandi bathi amafutha amaninzi esiswini nasesifubeni anokwenza kube nzima ukuba igazi lihambe liye ebuchotsheni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ulwelo luqokeleleke ngaphakathi ebuchotsheni.
- Ilifa: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onalo, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba nabanye baza kulufumana. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lusaqhubeka ngale nto.
Ingaba oku kuyingozi? Ngaba kukho iingxaki ezinokwenzeka?
Oku kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa i-IIH ayisosifo esisongela ubomi. Oko kuthetha ukuba ayikubulali.
Nangona kunjalo, ingxaki ephambili neyona inzima yoku kukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngokusisigxina. Oku kungenxa yokuba uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi entlokweni luchaphazela ngqo imithambo-luvo yethu yokujonga. Ukuba le mithambo-luvo yonakele ixesha elide, ayinakulungiswa. Ke ngoko, ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngokusisigxina kunokwenzeka.
Yiyo loo nto sisithi ukuba ufumana intloko ebuhlungu kunye notshintsho oluncinci embonweni wakho (ukufiphala, ukufiphala komzuzwana, ukubona kabini), akufanele uyityeshele loo nto kwaye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba uqala unyango ngexesha, ungayithintela ngokupheleleyo le ngxaki inzima.
Ugqirha ufumanisa njani esi sifo kanye kanye?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze emva koko akuyalele uthotho lweemvavanyo ukuze aqinisekise ukuba azikho ezinye iimeko ezinokuba neempawu ezifanayo.
- Uvavanyo lwamehlo: Ingcali yamehlo iya kuhlola amehlo akho ngononophelo, ingakumbi ukujonga ukudumba kwemithambo-luvo. Baya kwenza uvavanyo lwamehlo ukujonga amabala angabonwayo kwicandelo lakho lokubona.
- Iiskeni zobuchopho: Iskeni ye-CT okanye i-MRI ingayalelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho sizathu sibalulekileyo, esifana nomhlaza wobuchopho.
- Ukubhoboza umqolo/Ukubhoboza iLumbar:Abanye abantu bayoyika xa besiva eli gama. Kodwa olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu lokuxilongwa. Into oyenzayo kukufaka inaliti encinci emqolo ongezantsi, ukhuphe kancinci kulwelo lwe-CSF esithethe ngalo, uze ulinganise uxinzelelo lwayo. Olu xinzelelo luphezulu kakhulu kunesiqhelo kumntu one-IIH.
Ukuba zonke ezi mvavanyo zenziwe kwaye akukho sizathu sifunyenweyo kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-CSF nalo luphezulu, ugqirha wakho uya kuqinisekisa ukuba une-IIH.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango lwe-IIH luneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili. Enye kukunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Enye kukuthintela ukulahleka kokubona. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bemeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango olunye okanye ngaphezulu.
Amayeza
Amaxesha amaninzi, unyango luqala ngamayeza.
- Amayeza anciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-CSF: Amayeza anjenge -acetazolamide okanye i-topiramate anikwa ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kolwelo lwe-CSF emzimbeni.
- I-Diuretics: Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokukhupha ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni ngomchamo.
- Iipilisi zokubulala iintlungu: Iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu eziqhelekileyo zinikwa ukulawula iintloko ezibuhlungu.
Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uthatha iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho, kuba amanye amayeza asenokungafaneleki kuloo meko.
Utyando
Kwiimeko ezinzima ezingenakulawuleka ngamayeza, okanye ezichaphazela kakhulu umbono, utyando lunokufuneka.
- Ukubekwa kwe-shunt: Oku kuquka ukuvumela ulwelo lwe-CSF olugqithisileyo oluqokelelana engqondweni ukuba luhambe ngetyhubhu encinci luye kwenye indawo, njengakwisisu.
- Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukuba umthambo (i-venous sinus) engqondweni unciphile, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci efana ne-mesh (i-stent) kuyo ukuze ivuleke. Oku kuvumela ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuphuculwe kwaye uxinzelelo luncitshiswe.
- Ukufakelwa kwe-optic nerve sheath fenestration: Olu lutyando lwamehlo olubandakanya ukwenza imingxunya emininzi emincinci kwi-sheath ejikeleze i-optic nerve, okuvumela i-CSF eqokelelene apho ukuba ikhuphe amanzi.
Ulawulo lobunzima
Eli linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu kunyango nasekuthinteleni ukuphinda ubuye. Ukuba i-BMI yakho ingaphezulu kwama-30, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba unciphise umzimba. Uphando lubonise ukuba ukunciphisa umzimba nge-5% ukuya kwi-10% kuphela kunokuphucula kakhulu iimpawu ze-IIH. Kungaluncedo ukusebenzisana nengcali yesondlo ukukunceda ngale nto.
Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Ndingaphila njani nale nto?
Ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, uninzi lwabantu abane-IIH banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kungekho nyango, yimeko elawulekayo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba kusenokufuneka ujongane nayo ubomi bakho bonke. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuphela zize zibuye. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela isicwangciso sonyango sikagqirha wakho, ingakumbi ukulawula ubunzima.
Wakuba ufunyenwe une-IIH, ungaphoswa kutyelelo lwakho lokulandelela rhoqo kugqirha wakho kunye nogqirha wamehlo. Kubalulekile ukukhusela amehlo akho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) ayilomhlaza wobuchopho. Yimeko apho uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwekhakayi lunyuka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
- Ukuba intloko ebuhlungu enganyamezelekiyo ihamba notshintsho embonweni (ukufiphala, ukuba mnyama), olo luphawu olukhulu lwesilumkiso.
- Le meko ibonakala kakhulu kubafazi abatyebileyo abakwiminyaka yokuzala.
- Eyona ngxaki inkulu enokubakho koku kukulahlekelwa yimbono ngokusisigxina, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango lubandakanya amayeza, ngamanye amaxesha utyando, kwaye ukunciphisa umzimba kubalulekile ekulawuleni ixesha elide.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
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