Uvavanyo lweGlaucoma: Uyoyika ukujongwa amehlo akho? Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Axabiseke kangakanani amehlo akho kuwe? Yinto engenakuchazwa ngamazwi. Ukubona yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo esinazo ukuze sibone ubuhle kweli hlabathi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, kukho izifo ezonakalisa umbono wethu ngasese ngaphandle kweempawu ezinkulu. Olunye utshaba oluthuleyo yi "Glaucoma". Abantu abaninzi bayoyika xa besiva eli gama, kwaye banoloyiko olukhulu kunye nokuthandabuza malunga novavanyo olwenziwayo ngenxa yoku. Ke namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukuze kufunyanwe i-glaucoma kwangethuba, ingaba ziyabuhlungu, kwaye kufuneka soyike?

Yintoni kanye kanye i-glaucoma?

Ngamafutshane, i-glaucoma ligama eliqhelekileyo leqela lezifo zamehlo ezonakalisa i-optic nerve , i-optic nerve ephambili ethwala imiyalezo esuka kwiliso iye engqondweni. Cinga ngeliso lakho njengekhamera, kwaye i-optic nerve yintambo esuka kuloo khamera iye engqondweni. Ukuba le ntambo yonakele, imifanekiso ayifiki kakuhle engqondweni, kwaye kulapho ulahlekelwa khona ukubona kwakho kancinci kancinci.

Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso luphezulu kunesiqhelo. Ulwelo luyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kweliso, kwaye kufuneka lukhuphe amanzi. Ukuba kukho into ephazamisana nolu xinzelelo, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso luyanda. Olu xinzelelo lunyukayo lulo olonakalisa i-optic nerve ethambileyo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo monakalo unokwanda kwaye ukhokelele ekulahlekelweni ngokupheleleyo kombono.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku?

Nangona i-glaucoma inokuchaphazela nabani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu. Jonga ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi zinto ezichaphazela wena.

• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onaso: Ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu baneglaucoma, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nayo uphezulu kakhulu.
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala: Le ngozi iyanda xa ukhula.
• Ezinye izifo: Abantu abanesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi basengozini enkulu ye-glaucoma.
• Ukulimala kwamehlo: Ukuba ukhe wenzakala emehlweni ngaphambili okanye watyandwa amehlo ngendlela enzima.
• Amayeza athile: Kwabo basebenzisa amayeza e-corticosteroid (umz. i-prednisone) ixesha elide.
• Ezinye iingxaki zamehlo: Abantu abangaboniyo banokuba neentlobo ezithile zeglaucoma.

Ndingalufumana nini uvavanyo lweglaucoma?

I-Glaucoma idla ngokungabi nazimpawu kwasekuqaleni, yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba "lutshaba oluthuleyo olubonayo." Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zinokuvela.

• Amabala angaboniyo embonweni.
• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Ukuva iintlungu okanye uxinzelelo emehlweni.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ukubona izinto ezingqukuva ezifana nemingxunya xa ujonge ukukhanya.
• Ububomvu bamehlo.
• Umbono womjelo.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza uze uhlolwe amehlo akho.

Ngokubanzi, ishedyuli ecetyiswayo kwabo basengozini yile ilandelayo:

• Iminyaka engama-40-54: kube kanye emva kweminyaka eyi-1-3.
• Iminyaka engama-55-64: kube kanye emva kweminyaka eli-1-2.
• Abaneminyaka engama-65 nangaphezulu: Rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6-12.

Zisebenza njani ezi mvavanyo? Masizijonge nganye nganye.

Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokujonga i-glaucoma. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba uninzi lwezi vavanyo lukhawuleza, alunantlungu , kwaye alungenisi ntlungu. Makhe sijonge iimvavanyo eziphambili.

1. Ukuhlola 'i-engile' engaphakathi kweliso (Uvavanyo lwe-engile / i-Gonioscopy)

Oku kujonga i-engile apho inxalenye ecacileyo yeliso lakho (i-cornea) kunye nenxalenye enemibala yeliso lakho (iris) idibana khona. Ulwelo olwenzeka ngaphakathi kweliso lakho luhamba ngale engile. Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba lunciphile okanye luvalekile na. Ukuba luvalekile, lunokuba luphawu lwe-glaucoma.

• Indlela ekwenziwa ngayo oku: Ugqirha uza kuqala ngokufaka amaconsi amehlo ukuze avale amehlo akho. Emva koko, baza kubeka ilensi ekhethekileyo kancinci kwi-cornea yakho baze bajonge i-engile.

2. Ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea (Ukulinganisa ubukhulu be-cornea / i-Pachymetry)

Ubukhulu be-cornea yakho bukwanceda ekunikeni umbono othile ngomngcipheko wakho we-glaucoma. Ukuba i-cornea incinci kunesiqhelo, umngcipheko wakho uphezulu kancinci.

• Indlela ekwenziwa ngayo oku: Oku kuquka ukufaka amathontsi emehlweni ukuze kuthinte iliso. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincinci kakhulu (iprobe) ukuchukumisa ngobunono umphezulu weliso nokulinganisa ubukhulu balo.

3. Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluvundlileyo

Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Luvumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokucacileyo umthambo we-optic kunye ne-retina engaphakathi kweliso lakho.

• Indlela ekwenziwa ngayo oku: Amaconsi eliso asetyenziselwa ukwandisa i-pupil. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa isibane esikhethekileyo kunye neglasi yokukhulisa, umbala, ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nemithambo yegazi ye-optic nerve ziyahlolwa ngononophelo. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba i-nerve yonakele na.

4. Ukujonga uxinzelelo lwamehlo / iTonometry

Enye yeempawu eziphambili zeglaucoma kukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa olo xinzelelo.

• Indlela yokwenza oku:Iliso liyaphelelwa ngamandla ngokufaka amaconsi emehlweni kwaye kusetyenziswa isixhobo esincinci ukuchukumisa ngobunono umphezulu weliso ukulinganisa uxinzelelo. Oku akubuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ukhululekile kwaye uzolile.

5. Ukuthathwa kwemifanekiso yemithambo-luvo yamehlo

Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili obuthatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ze-optic nerve kunye ne-retina.

• Indlela eyenziwa ngayo: Eyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu yi- Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) . Okufuneka ukwenze kukubeka isilevu sakho esiseleni somatshini uze ujonge ilensi. Akukho nto ifakwayo elisweni lakho. Kwimizuzu embalwa, umfanekiso ofana nemephu wazo zonke iileya ezingaphakathi kweliso lakho uyathathwa.

6. Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo

Kwi-glaucoma, into yokuqala eyonakeleyo kukubona okungaphandle. Olu vavanyo lukhangela amabala amnyama, okanye iindawo ongenakuzibona, naphi na kwicandelo lakho lokubona.

• Indlela yokwenza oku: Xa ujonge into uvale iliso elinye, ucelwa ukuba ubone ukuba uyakwazi na ukubona imiqondiso yokukhanya evela kufutshane nawe. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa umatshini okhethekileyo ukwenza oku.

Emva kovavanyo kunye neziphumo

Emva kovavanyo, ingakumbi ukuba unikwe amayeza okwandisa i-cornea yakho, umbono wakho usenokuba luzizi kangangeeyure ezimbalwa . Usenokuba nombono oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ubekwe ekukhanyeni.

Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba uninzi lweziphumo zezi mvavanyo zifumaneka ngoko nangoko . Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela iziphumo.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba iziphumo zibonisa i-glaucoma?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-glaucoma, musa ukoyika. Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, kukho unyango olusebenzayo olufumanekayo namhlanje olunokunceda ukulawula nokunqanda umonakalo ekuboneni kwakho obangelwa yi-glaucoma . Ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa unyango olulungele wena.

Ezi ndlela zonyango zilandelayo zingacetyiswa:

• Amayeza: Amaconsi okanye iipilisi zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo.
• Unyango lweLaser: Unyango lweLaser olunceda ulwelo olusesweni luphume lula.
• Utyando: Ukwenza umngxuma omncinci ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo olugqithisileyo elisweni okanye ukufaka umbhobho omncinci elisweni ukuze kukhutshwe ulwelo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqhuba usela amayeza akho njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele, uze uye kuhlolwa kwakhona ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo.