Ngaba ukhotyokiswe kukusebenzisa izinto zasekhaya ukuze unxile? Makhe sithethe nge-(Inhalant Use Disorder)

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ezinye izinto zasekhaya zemihla ngemihla, ezifana neemveliso zokucoca, itshungama, okanye ipeyinti yokutshiza, zingasetyenziselwa ukukunxilisa? Oku kunokuba yingxaki enkulu kwabanye abantu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'(Inhalant Use Disorder)'. Ngamafutshane, oku kukwaluhlobo lomlutha weziyobisi. Masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kuba le yinto sonke ekufuneka siyiqaphele.

Yintoni le ``(Ingxaki Yokusebenzisa Umoya)''? Masiyiqonde ngokulula, akunjalo?

Ngamafutshane, "(Inhalant Use Disorder)" sisiyobisi sokuzama ukunxila ngokuphefumla iikhemikhali ezithile ezifumaneka kwizinto zasekhaya okanye kwiindawo zokusebenza zemihla ngemihla. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi "snorting," "bagging" (sniffing into a bag) okanye "huffing" (sniffing into a cloth). Khawucinge nje, kukho iimveliso ezingaphezu kwe-1,000 ezinokusetyenziswa ngale ndlela! Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Isicoci se-oven
• Iglu yomzekelo
• Ipeyinti yokutshiza
• Ipeyinti encinci
• Ulwelo lokucoca
• Isisusi sepolishi yeenzipho
• Ipetroli
• Ulwelo olukhaphukhaphu

Xa usebenzisa ezi zinto, ezo khemikhali ziya ngqo engqondweni kwaye zivuselele ngoko nangoko "iinkqubo zokuqinisa nokunika umvuzo" engqondweni yethu. Njengamanye amayeza. Yiyo loo nto ezi zinto zinokuba ngumlutha kangaka. Xa umntu eba likhoboka lazo, yonke enye into ebomini bakhe inokuthatha indawo yokubuyela umva. Oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kungekuphela nje kwimpilo yakhe, kodwa nakubomi bakhe bonke.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu koku? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Oku kuyadanisa ngokwenene. Kuba, uninzi lwabo basebenzisa ezi '(Inhalants)' ngabantwana kunye nabantu abaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-12 neli-17. Uphando lubonise ukuba ngamanye amaxesha abantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ubudala baye bazisebenzisa ezi. Kutheni aba bantu baselula besebenzisa ezi zinto? Isizathu esiphambili kukuba ezi zinto zingabizi kakhulu kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Zizinto ezifumaneka ekhaya.

Khawucinge nje, kunzima kumntwana omncinci ukuthenga icuba okanye ibhotile yotywala evenkileni. Kodwa akunzima kangako ukufunxa i-spray okanye ityhubhu yetshungama ekhaya.

Amaxesha amaninzi, aba bantu baselula baqala ukusebenzisa izinto zokuphefumla ngaphambi kokuba basebenzise icuba, utywala, okanye ezinye iziyobisi eziyingozi. Kwakhona, amadoda achaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko kunabafazi.

Zithini iimpawu zoku? Uzibona njani?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho okanye umntu omaziyo uxhomekeke kwinto efana nale, qaphela ezi mpawu.

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ngokwasemzimbeni:

• Ngokuphefumla okanye ngeempahlaKukho ivumba leekhemikhali.
• Kukho ipeyinti okanye amanye amabala ezandleni zakho, eminweni, okanye kwiimpahla.
• Xa uthetha , amagama ayabhidana kwaye angacaci.
• Impumlo evuza rhoqo okanye ukopha kwempumlo.
• Kukho izilonda okanye ukubomvu/ukudumba kolusu olujikeleze impumlo nomlomo.
• Uhlala ejongeka ediniwe.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha:

• Ubonisa ukungakhathali ngayo yonke into.
• Kukho ukuphelelwa ngumdla ngequbuliso kunye nokwehla kobunzima bomzimba .
• Ngequbuliso , abahlobo bayatshintsha, izinto abazithandayo ziyatshintsha.
• Kukho ingxaki enkulu emsebenzini wesikolo .
• Inkxalabo yabo ngococeko nocwangco inciphile.

Iimpawu ezibonakalayo engqondweni:

• Ukudideka.
• Ubunzima bokugxila (Ukugxila okungekuhle).
• Uxinzelelo.
• Ukucaphuka ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukungaphumli (Ukucaphuka).
• Ubutshaba.
• I-paranoia ivela ngabanye abantu.

Ukuba ubona enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziqwalasela.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwezi "(ezifunxayo)" kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi zomzimba nezengqondo. Ezinye zezi zibangelwa ngokuthe ngqo kukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi, ngelixa ezinye zibangelwa zezinye iingozi eziza nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi (umz., isondo esingakhuselekanga, ukungabikho kwendlu ezinzileyo).

Iingxaki zempilo yomzimba:

• Isifo sephepha
• I-HIV/AIDS
• Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo
• I-Bronchitis
• Isifuba
• I-Sinusitis

Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo:

• Uxinzelelo
• Ixhala
• Isifo sengqondo esibangelwa kukuphefumula
• Ingxaki enkulu okanye encinci ye-neurocognitive
• Ukudakumba kokuphefumla

Xa usiva ezi zinto, uyaqonda ukuba oku kunokuba nzulu kangakanani, akunjalo?

Oogqirha bayifumanisa njani le meko?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-Inhalant Use Disorder ngokwe-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Ngamafutshane, le meko ixilongwa xa ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-inhalants kubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu okanye ingozi ebomini bomntu, okanye xa kukho indlela enengxaki yokusebenzisa .

Ugqirha okwimeko enjaloGqiba, ubuncinane ezimbini kwezi mpawu zilandelayo kufuneka zibe khona kungekapheli unyaka:

• Ukuziva unqwenela okanye umnqweno onamandla wokusebenzisa izinto zokuphefumla.
• Nangona kukho umnqweno omkhulu wokuyeka ukusebenzisa izinto zokuphefumla, imizamo yokwenza oko iyasilela.
• Kuthatha ixesha elininzi ukufumana, ukusebenzisa, kunye nokuchacha kwiingcingo ezifuthwayo.
• Oku kubangela iingxaki emsebenzini, esikolweni, nakubudlelwane beentsapho, kodwa bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinto zokufunxa.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-inhalant kubangela ukuyekiswa kwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo yobungcali, yentlalo, okanye yokuzonwabisa.
• Nangona besazi iziphumo ezimbi zomzimba zezi zinto, abantu bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa izinto zokuphefumla.
• Ukuze ufumane "ukuphakama" okufanayo owawukufumana ngaphambili , ngoku udinga i-inhalant engakumbi (ukunyamezelana).

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi zinto, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Ngethamsanqa, kukho unyango lwesi sifo, i-Inhalant Use Disorder. Olu nyango lufana kakhulu nolo lusetyenziswa kwezinye iziyobisi.

• Unyango lomntu ngamnye: Unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) lusebenza kakhulu. Lukufundisa indlela yokujongana neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo, ukulawula iminqweno yakho yokusebenzisa iziyobisi, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo lontanga.
• Ingcebiso yosapho: Oku kunceda ukuphucula unxibelelwano, ubudlelwane, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha kusapho. Kuba inkxaso yosapho ibaluleke kakhulu kolu hlobo lwengxaki.
• Ukungenelela okukhuthazwayo: Olu luhlobo oluthile lwengcebiso olunika ulutsha inkuthazo abayifunayo ukuze benze utshintsho ebomini babo.
• Iinkqubo zomsebenzi kunye nokuzibandakanya: Ezi zibonelela ngezakhono ezintsha kunye namava entlalontle. Ezi zibalulekile njengendlela eyahlukileyo yokusebenzisa umoya. Ezi zinokubandakanya izinto ezifana nobusuku beemuvi, ukudanisa, kunye nokuhamba intaba. Zinokukunceda udibane nabahlobo abatsha abangasebenzisi iziyobisi.
• Amaqela enkxaso kunye neenkqubo ezinamanyathelo ali-12: Imizekelo ibandakanya amaqela afana ne-'Alcoholics Anonymous' kunye ne-'Narcotics Anonymous'. Ezi zinceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuyela kwiziyobisi nokugcina ubomi obungenazo iziyobisi.

Kwabo banengxaki yokulutha kakhulu, unyango kwinkqubo yonyango lwasekhaya lunokubonelela ngeziphumo ezilungileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba uthatha i-inhalants ngokugqithisileyo? Ingaba iyingozi?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo kuyingozi!Ezinye iimveliso, ingakumbi izinyibilikisi kunye nezitshizi ze-aerosol, ziqulathe ubuninzi beekhemikhali eziyingozi. Nokuba ukuphefumla kube kanye kwezi zinto kunokubangela ukuxhuzula, i-coma, kwanokufa ngequbuliso kwentliziyo. Oku kunokwenzeka nakubantu abayisebenzisa okokuqala.

Enye into eyingozi kukuphefumla ``(Inhalants)`` uphethe iphepha okanye ingxowa yeplastiki phezu kwentloko yakho. Oku kunokubangela ukufuthaniseka nokufa. Kwakhona, ukuphefumla le mfutha inetyhefu endaweni yeoksijini emiphungeni kunokubangela ukufa ngokufuthaniseka.

Ukuba umntu ufumana "(I-Overdose yokuphefumla)", unyango olungxamisekileyo kukunyanga imeko esongela ubomi ngelo xesha (umz., ukuyeka ukothuka, ukuqala kwakhona intliziyo). Okwangoku akukho nyango luthile lokuguqula imiphumo yokunxila ""(I-Inhalant)".

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa?

Ewe, singazama ukuthintela oku ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukubonelela ngoqeqesho lwezakhono zobomi kubantu abaselula abakwizinga lesikolo kuye kwakwazi ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuphefumla. Olu qeqesho lwezakhono zobomi lugxile koku kulandelayo:

• Ukuphucula ukuzithemba kunye nezakhono zonxibelelwano.
• Ukwakha ubudlelwane bomntu ngamnye.
• Ukufundisa indlela yokulawula ixhala kunye noxinzelelo.

Iinkqubo ezinje ezisekelwe esikolweni ziye zavelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.

Ngaba singaphuma kule meko? Iyintoni imbono?

Ukukwazi ukuchacha kule meko kunye noqikelelo lwesifo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.

• Ubunzima besifo.
• Inqanaba lokulutha.
• Ukuzibophelela ekuyekeni.
• Ixesha lonyango.
• Indlela yokujongana neemeko ezibangela uxinezeleko.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngoncedo olufanelekileyo, abo baphethwe yile meko banokuchacha baze baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobanelisayo. Ngoko ke, ukucela uncedo linyathelo lokuqala lokuchacha. Bona ugqirha wakho uze uthethe ngale nto.

Ungamnceda njani umntu osondeleyo kuwe ukuba lo lixhoba?

Kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kube nzima ukwazi ukuba umntu omthandayo udlula kule meko. Kodwa ungamnceda.

• Thetha nabo ngoko nangoko: Kungcono ukuthetha ngayo kwangoko wakuba uqaphela ukuba kukho ingxaki. Okukhona umntu one-Inhalant Use Disorder efumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kungcono. Thetha nabo ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo kwaye ubancede bafumane unyango ngokukhawuleza.
• Phulaphula ngovelwano: Nokuba awuvumelani nezenzo zakhe, phulaphula ngenyameko oko akutshoyo. Okukhona eqonda ukuba "uyamamela oko ndikuthethayo," kokukhona uya kuvula isifuba sakhe kuwe aze akubone njengomntu anokumthemba.
• Linda:Musa ukucinga ukuba ukuthetha nje ngayo kube kanye okanye ukuthatha inyathelo elinye kuya kuyisombulula le ngxaki. Ingxaki Yokusebenzisa Inhalant yimeko enzima. Akukho zisombululo zikhawulezileyo zayo.
• Zikhathalele: Ngelixa unceda, ungaziva udandathekile, uxinezelekile, unesizungu, okanye ulusizi. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa kubalulekile ukunyamekela impilo yakho yengqondo. Okukhona unamandla, kokukhona unokunceda omnye umntu ngcono. Ukuba ufuna uncedo, zifumanele uncedo ngokwakho.

Ingxaki Yokusebenzisa I-Inhalant Use Disorder yingxaki eyenzeka xa usebenzisa i-inhalant ukuze unxile. Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba ukusebenzisa kwakho i-inhalant kuchaphazela impilo yakho, ubudlelwane, umsebenzi, isikolo, okanye ezinye iinkalo zobomi bakho, lixesha lokufuna uncedo. Ukuba ubona umntu osondeleyo kuwe ebonisa ezi mpawu, cebisa ukuba afumane uncedo ngokukhawuleza. Njengezinye iingxaki zokusebenzisa iziyobisi, ingxaki yokusebenzisa i-inhalant yimeko enokunyangeka. Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye uthathe inyathelo lokuqala lokubuyela esiqhelweni.

Isishwankathelo sento esithethe ngayo (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Namhlanje sithethe ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Inhalant Use Disorder" abantu abaninzi abasenokungayazi, kodwa inokuba yingozi kakhulu.

• Ngamafutshane, oku kukuthanda "ukunxila" ngokunuka izinto zasekhaya zemihla ngemihla (ipeyinti, itshungama, izinto zokucoca).
• Abantwana abancinci basengozini enkulu yoku, kuba ezi zinto kulula ukuzifumana.
• Iimpawu zoku zinokuba zezomzimba, ezokuziphatha nezengqondo . Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
• Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo kwanokufa .
• Eyona nto ingcono kukuba, kukho unyango loku. Ungafumana uncedo ngezinto ezifana ne-`(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)`, iingcebiso zosapho, kunye namaqela enkxaso.
• Ukuthintela kubalulekile. Iinkqubo eziphuhlisa izakhono zobomi esikolweni ziyanceda koku.
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unengxaki, nceda ufune ingcebiso kagqirha. Okukhona ufumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona ungaphola ngokukhawuleza.

Khumbula, akufuneki ubandezeleke wedwa kwimeko efana nale. Ukucela uncedo kuyakunika amandla.

izinto zokuphefumla, iziyobisi, umlutha, impilo yolutsha, impilo yengqondo, ingxaki yokusebenzisa umoya, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi, eSri Lanka