Ngaba i-opioid kunye ne-opiate ziyinto enye?
Usenokuba ukhe waweva omabini la magama. Kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwala magama mabini. Ngamafutshane, ii-opiates ziikhemikhali ezifumaneka ngokwemvelo kwisityalo se-poppy (iPapaver somniferum). Umzekelo, i-morphine kunye ne-codeine ziintlobo zee-opiates. Ii-opioids ligama elibanzi. Ziquka ezo zivela ngokwemvelo kwisityalo se-poppy, ezo zenziwe ngamakhemikhali kwilebhu (ezenziweyo), kunye nezo zidibeneyo zombini (ezenziweyo kancinci) - zonke ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-opioids. Oko kukuthi, yonke i-opiate yi-opioid, kodwa ayizizo zonke ii-opioid eziyi-opiate . Cinga ngayo njengegama elithi 'isithuthi'. Iimoto, iiveni, kunye neebhasi zonke ziimoto. Ngokufanayo, ii-opiates nazo zeqela elikhulu elibizwa ngokuba zii-opioids. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zazo zombini ezi ntlobo emizimbeni yethu ziyafana. Kwaye zombini zinomngcipheko wokulutha.Ezi opioids ziwuchaphazela njani umzimba?
Inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo inee-receptors ezikhethekileyo ezilawula izinto ezifana neentlungu, iimvakalelo kunye noxinzelelo. Ezi receptors sizibiza ngokuba zii-opioid. Xa uthatha iyeza le-opioid, liya ngqo kwezi receptors kwaye lizibophelele kuzo. Xa oko kusenzeka, kwenzeka izinto ezimbini eziphambili: 1. Linciphisa uvakalelo lwentlungu: Lithintela imiqondiso yentlungu eya engqondweni, linciphisa intlungu oyivayo. 2. Lidala ulonwabo kunye nokuphumla: Liyandisa imveliso ye-neurotransmitter 'Dopamine' engqondweni, esenza sizive sonwabile kwaye siphilile. Oku kubangela ukuziva siphumle kakhulu kwaye sivuya.Isizathu esiphambili sokuba likhoboka le-opioid kukuvakalelwa kamnandi nokonwaba okuveliswa yiyo, ukongeza ekunciphiseni iintlungu.
Izinto ekufuneka uzazi ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha akunike eli yeza
Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuzinika i-opioid, kukho izinto ekufuneka uzixoxe ngokunyanisekileyo nogqirha wakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.| Yintoni omawuyixelele ugqirha wakho | Kutheni kunjalo? |
|---|---|
| Nokuba wena okanye nabani na kusapho lwakho ukhe wasebenzisa iziyobisi/utywala. | Ukuthambekela ekubeni likhoboka kunokwenzeka kwiintsapho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuvavanya umngcipheko wakho. |
| Malunga nayo nayiphi na eminye imithi, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ozisebenzisayo ngoku. | Amanye amayeza anokusabela kwi-opioids aze abangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi. |
| Nokuba usela utywala na kwaye utywala obungakanani. | Ukusela utywala kunye nee-opioids kunye kunokubangela iimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana nokozela kakhulu kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Nokuba ukhulelwe, uceba ukukhulelwa, okanye ungumama oncancisayo. | Ezi zinokuba yingozi kumntwana ongakazalwa kunye nosana oluncancisayo. |
| Ezinye izifo onazo (imiphunga, isibindi, izifo zezintso). | Ezi ntlobo zeemeko zinokwenziwa zibe mandundu zii-opioids. |
Kutheni le nto ezi zinto zibangela umlutha lula kangaka?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku. Uvuyo esikhulume ngalo ngaphambili sesona sizathu siphambili. Ngenxa yokuba ingqondo inqwenela loo mvakalelo, abanye abantu bayaqhubeka nokusela iyeza nokuba intlungu ayisekho. Enye into kukukhula kokunyamezela . Oko kukuthi, emva kokusebenzisa idosi efanayo okwethutyana, ukuze bazive ukukhululeka kwintlungu okanye ulonwabo ababeluva ngaphambili, idosi yeyeza kufuneka yonyuswe. Njengoko idosi inyuswa ngale ndlela, umzimba uqala ukuxhomekeka ngokwasemzimbeni kwiyeza. Emva koko, ukuba iyeza liyekiswa, umzimba uqala ukufumana iimpawu zokurhoxa ezingathandekiyo. Ukuze ubalekele olu xinzelelo, umntu uphinda alisele. Lo ngumjikelo oyingozi.Siyisebenzisa njani le yeza ngokukhuselekileyo?
Musa ukucinga ngee-opioids njengento eyingozi. Ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngqo , ziluncedo kakhulu kwaye zikhuselekile.- Thatha kuphela idosi emiselweyo: Ungaze uthathe ngaphezu kwedosi emiselwe ngugqirha wakho, okanye uyithathe ngaphambi kwexesha elimiselweyo.
- Musa ukutshintsha umthamo weyeza : Musa ukutyumza, ukuhlafuna, okanye ukunyibilikisa iipilisi ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba iyeza lingene emzimbeni ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunokuba yingozi.
- Kuphephe ukuqhuba: Oku kunokubangela ukozela kunye nesiyezi , ngoko musa ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini abayingozi, ingakumbi kwiintsuku zokuqala.
- Musa ukuyisebenzisa notywala : Ukusela ii-opioids notywala kunokubangela iziphumo ezibulalayo, ezifana nokuma kokuphefumla .
- Qaphela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga : Ukuba ufumana naluphi na uvakalelo olungaqhelekanga, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukunika mntu amayeza akho: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Musa ukunika ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo amayeza akho nangasiphi na isizathu. Kunokuba yingozi kuloo mntu.
- Zigcine zikhuselekile: Soloko uzigcina kwindawo etshixiweyo kude nabantwana nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Ukugqithisa kunye nongxamiseko
Ukuba umntu usela i-opioid eninzi kakhulu, isenokuba yi-overdose. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango enokuba yingozi ebomini. Iimpawu zokusebenzisa i-overdose ziquka:- Ukuphefumla kuyacotha kakhulu okanye kuyeke.
- Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neenzipho.
- Umzimba uba ngumntu ongenabomi.
- Ukulala ubuthongo obunzulu, ungakwazi ukuvuswa nokuba uthetha.
- Iimbombo zamehlo zincinci kakhulu (njengencam yephini).
Ukuba ubona umntu esela ii-opioids kwaye ebonisa ezi mpawu, yimeko engxamisekileyo leyo. Mse kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu.
Ingaba ezi zifanelekile koomama abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo?
Ii-opioid azikhuthazwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba amayeza athathwa ngumama anokuchaphazela umntwana osesibelekweni. Umntwana unokuba likhoboka lamayeza. Emva kokuzalwa, umntwana unokubonisa iimpawu zokurhoxa (i-neonatal abstinence syndrome). Le yimeko ebuhlungu kakhulu kumntwana. Kwakhona, la mayeza anokudluliselwa kumntwana ngobisi lwebele. Ke ngoko, ukuba ungumama oncancisayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe la mayeza kwaye uxoxe ngenye indlela ekhuselekileyo.Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-opioids zizinto ezinamandla zokuthomalalisa iintlungu . Zifanele zisetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye zijongwe ngugqirha.
- Hlala ulandela idosi kunye nexesha elichazwe ngugqirha wakho. Ungaze wandise idosi ngokwakho.
- Ukuba uziva ngathi uqalisa ukuxhomekeka okanye ukuba likhoboka lamayeza, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Musa ukunika omnye umntu amayeza akho nangasiphi na isizathu. Angabeka ubomi esichengeni.
- Kuphephe ukusebenzisa ii-opioids kunye notywala kunye. Kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokusebenzisa kakhulu amayeza, cinga ukuba kungxamisekile kwaye ngoko nangoko uthabathe isigulana usise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ekufutshane.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Luhlobo luni lwamayeza e-opioid?
Ii-opioids liqela lee-painkillers ezinamandla ezinikwa ngoogqirha ukunciphisa iintlungu ezinzima (umz. iTramadol, iMorphine). Ezi zihlala zinikwa ukunciphisa iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo kwizigulana ezinomhlaza emva kotyando olukhulu.
💬 Yeyiphi ingozi enkulu yee-opioids?
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngezi zinto kukuba zikhawuleza zibe ngumlutha, njengeziyobisi. Ukuba siqhubeka nokusebenzisa ezi ziyobisi, iingqondo zethu ziya kuziqhela, kwaye ezi ziyobisi ziya kuba yinto engenakuphepheka, ekugqibeleni ziphele kwintshabalalo enkulu.
💬 Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
Ukuba unikwe eli yeza, musa ukuthatha ngaphezu kwedosi emiselweyo kwaye uthabathe iintsuku ezicetyiswa ngugqirha wakho. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha ukuba likhoboka kukuyeka ukulisebenzisa ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba intlungu iphele.
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