Ngaba unengxaki yokulawula umsindo oqhambuka ngesiquphe? Masithethe nge-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uyacaphuka ngento encinci kangangokuba awukwazi nokuyicinga? Ngaba uyakhwaza, uphosa into phantsi, okanye ude ubethe umntu? Oku kunokuba yinto enzulu kunokuba "ngumkhwa ombi" okanye "umntu ocaphuka ngokukhawuleza." Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolu hlobo lomsindo ngequbuliso, imeko yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Intermittent Explosive Disorder - IED)`.

Yintoni "Ingxaki Yokuqhambuka Okungapheliyo - IED"?

Ngamafutshane, i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) yimeko yempilo yengqondo ebonakaliswa kukuziphatha okukhawulezileyo, okungalawulekiyo, okanye ukugqabhuka komsindo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba aba bantu basabela kumsindo ngendlela engaphaya kwale meko. Nokuba yinto encinci kunzima kakhulu ukuba bayiphathe. Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntu utsiba phambi kwakho emgceni, uze ucaphuke kakhulu kangangokuba uphume emotweni yakho uzibulale ngayo, loo nto ayisiyonto iqhelekileyo.

Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba, xa bengacaphukanga, abantu abane-"IED" baziphatha ngendlela eqhelekileyo nephilileyo. Le yimeko ekwicandelo le-"Impulse control disorders", oko kukuthi, izifo apho kunzima ukulawula iminqweno evela engqondweni.

Uphando lufumanise ukuba abantu abafikelela kwi-80% abane-IED banokuba nenye ingxaki yempilo yengqondo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi zizifo zokuxhalaba, isifo se-bipolar, i-autism, kunye nokukhubazeka kwengqondo.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko `(IED)`?

Le meko inokuchaphazela abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 ubudala okanye abantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, idla ngokufunyaniswa kubantu abadala abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Kuthiwa ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda .

Abaphandi baqikelela ukuba phakathi kwe-1.4% kunye ne-7% yabemi behlabathi banokuba ne-Intermittent Explosive Disorder. Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona ingaqhelekanga kangako, inani elikhulu labantu linengxaki yesi sifo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Intermittent Explosive Disorder - IED)`?

Uphawu oluphambili lwale meko kukuba umsindo uvela ngequbuliso ngendlela engafanelekanga kwaphela, engeyonjongo, kwaye engalinganiyo kwaphela nemeko. Aba bantu bayazi ukuba indlela abaziphatha ngayo ayilunganga kwaye ayifanelekanga, kodwa ngelo xesha banengxaki yokuzilawula.

Nantsi indlela ezi zinto zibangelwa ngumsindo:

• Asinto eyenziwa ngabom, yinto eyenzeka ngequbuliso nangokungacwangciswanga. Asinto ecwangciswe kwangaphambili.
• Lo msindo uqala kwimizuzu embalwa emva kokuba kwenzeke into ethile (ukucaphuka).
• Olu msindo aluhlali ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-30.
• Esi siganeko simbangela umntu ochaphazelekayo uxinzelelo olukhulu lwengqondo kunye nosizi.
• Le ndlela yokuziphatha ibangela iingxaki esikolweni, emsebenzini nasekhaya.

Iphuma njani le ngqumbo?

Lo msindo unokuzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezininzi. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukucaphuka komsindo: Izimo ezifana nokuqengqeleka phantsi, ukukhala, nokukhwaza njengomntwana omncinci.
• Izisongelo zomlomo: ukukhwaza, ukusongela abanye, ukuthuka.
• Ukuhlasela abantu okanye izilwanyana ngokwasemzimbeni: ukutyhala, ukubetha, ukubethela, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nokusebenzisa isixhobo ukwenzakalisa.
• Ukonakalisa impahla: ukuphosa izinto ngokuthanda kwakho, ukukhaba, ukwaphula ifanitshala, ukuvalela iingcango.
• Ubundlobongela basekhaya: Ukuxhatshazwa kwamalungu osapho.
• Umsindo wendlela: Khawuthelekelele unomsindo kangangokuba ufuna ukubulala umntu kuba esandul’ ukukudlula endleleni.

Ezi ziganeko zomsindo ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba zincinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba qatha kangangokuba umntu angenzakaliswa kakhulu, okanye ade afe.

Ziziphi izinto onokuziva ngaphambi kokuba ucaphuke?

Ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke uqhushumbo olunjalo, unokufumana ezinye zezi mpawu:

• Umsindo, imvakalelo yomsindo engenakugcinwa engqondweni.
• Ukucaphuka.
• Ndiziva ndixinezelekile kakhulu kwaye ndixinezelekile entliziyweni yam.
• Kufana neengcinga ezingaphakathi entlokweni yakho zihlala zibaleka ngesantya esiphezulu.
• Andikwazi ukuthetha kakuhle nabanye abantu.
• Kungathi umzimba wam unamandla angakumbi ngequbuliso.
• Iinyikima.
• Isantya sentliziyo siyanda ngequbuliso (iintlungu ezibukhali).
• Ukuxinana kwesifuba.

Emva kokuba umsindo ukhululwe, kubakho ukukhululeka okomzuzwana, kodwa emva koko kuvela iimvakalelo zosizi, ukuzisola, kunye neentloni . Uzibuza, "Ndenze ntoni?"

Kutheni kukho i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)?

Abaphandi basazama ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela oku, kodwa bacinga ukuba kungenxa yezinto ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Oku kusenokusebenza kwiintsapho. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unale meko, nawe unokuba nayo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba kukho impembelelo yemfuza engama-44% ukuya kuma-72% ekuphuhliseni ezo ndlela zokuziphatha zingxamisekileyo nezinobundlongondlongo.

2. Izinto ezibangela i-biological: Utshintsho kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwengqondo yethu lunokuba negalelo koku. Umzekelo, ii-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scans zifumanise ukuba inxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-amygdala, elawula iimvakalelo zethu, iyachaphazeleka. Zikwafumanise ukuba amanqanaba e-neurotransmitter serotonin (ikhemikhali ethwala imiyalezo phakathi kwemithambo-luvo kwaye esebenza njengehomoni) aphantsi kunesiqhelo kubantu abane-IED.

3.Izinto ezibangela imeko-bume: Ukuxhatshazwa ngamazwi okanye ngokwasemzimbeni usengumntwana, okanye ukubona ukuxhatshazwa ekhayeni, kunokudlala indima ekuphuhlisweni kwesi simo. Kwakhona, isiganeko esinye okanye ezingaphezulu ezibuhlungu ezenzeka ebuntwaneni zinokuba yimbangela.

Isifo Sokuqhambuka Esiqhubekayo (IED) sifunyanwa njani?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo, ingakumbi umntwana wakho, unokuba nezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo kuqala . Basenokukuthumela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo egxile ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni ezi meko. Lo unokuba yingcali yezifo zengqondo, ingcali yezengqondo, okanye unontlalontle weklinikhi.

Baxilonga i-IED besebenzisa iindlela ezithile ezivela kwi-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Baza kuthetha nawe ngononophelo baze bakubuze imibuzo enzulu malunga neempawu zakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho. Baza kubuza imibuzo malunga nezinto ezifana nezi:

• Imbali yakho neyentsapho yakho yezonyango, ingakumbi malunga neemeko zempilo yengqondo.
• Malunga nobudlelwane bakho bobuqu (Imbali yobudlelwane).
• Iinkcukacha zesikolo nendawo yokusebenza.
• Malunga nokukwazi kwakho ukulawula iminqweno yakho.

Usenokukwazi nokufumana ulwazi malunga nokuziphatha kwakho kunye nembali yakho kusapho lwakho nakubahlobo bakho abasondeleyo.

Ukuze uxilongwe ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-``(IED)'', kufuneka ubonise ukungakwazi ukulawula iminqweno erhabaxa, efana nale:

• Okanye, iziganeko ezixhaphakileyo, kodwa ezingonakalisi kangako: oko kukuthi, ukuhlasela ngamazwi (ukukhwaza, ukusongela, ukuphikisana) okanye ukuhlasela ngokwasemzimbeni impahla, izilwanyana, okanye abantu (kodwa ngaphandle kokwenzakala okukhulu okanye umonakalo omkhulu wempahla) okwenzeka ubuncinci kabini ngeveki kangangeenyanga ezintathu .
• Okanye, iziganeko ezingaqhelekanga kodwa ezinzulu: Iziganeko ezintathu zomonakalo wepropathi kunye/okanye ukuhlaselwa kwezilwanyana okanye abantu okubangela ukwenzakala, kwisithuba seenyanga ezili-12 (unyaka omnye) .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba inqanaba lomsindo alilingani nemeko kwaye linzima ngokungaqhelekanga. Kwaye ezi ayizozenzo ezicwangcisiweyo kwangaphambili. Zenzeka ngequbuliso, ngenxa yomsindo okanye ukungxama. Kwakhona, ugqirha uya kuqinisekisa ukuba ezi mpawu azibangelwa sisifo sengqondo, esinye isifo somzimba, okanye ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi.

Umntu kufuneka abe neminyaka emi-6 ubudala ubuncinane ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba unale meko, kodwa idla ngokubonakala okokuqala ebuntwaneni okanye xa efikisa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-"Intermittent Explosive Disorder - IED"?

Unyango lwale meko ikakhulu lunyango lwengqondo (unyango lokuthetha) kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amayeza. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yakho, uhlobo kunye nobunzima beempawu zakho.

Injongo ephambili yonyango kukufezekisa ukukhululeka ngokupheleleyo kweempawu, okanye ubuncinane ukunciphisa ubukhali bempawu enye okanye ezimbini. Nangona abanye abantu besenokungakwazi ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo, injongo kukugcina umntu kunye nabanye bekhuselekile kwaye kuncitshiswe ukuphindaphindeka, ubukhali, kunye nokuphindaphindeka kokuqhambuka kwesifo.

`(Unyango lwezengqondo)` lwe `(IED)`

Unyango lwengqondo lolona nyango luphambili nolubaluleke kakhulu koku. Ngokukodwa , i-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) isetyenziswa ngempumelelo kakhulu kule njongo.

>`(CBT)` yindlela yonyango ecwangcisiweyo, ejolise kwiinjongo. Kule ndlela, ingcali yezonyango ikunceda ukuba ujonge nzulu kwiingcinga zakho neemvakalelo zakho. Ungayiqonda indlela iingcinga zakho ezichaphazela ngayo izenzo zakho. `(CBT)`, ungasusa iingcinga ezingalunganga, eziyingozi kunye neendlela zokuziphatha ezimbi entlokweni yakho kwaye ufunde ukucinga nokuziphatha ngendlela enempilo endaweni yoko. `(IED)` inokunceda abantu abane-`(CBT)` ukuba balawule iimeko ezinzima kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye balawule iminqweno ebangela umsindo.

Ezinye zeendlela ezithile ezisetyenziswa kwi-IED kwi-CBT zezi:

• Uhlengahlengiso lwengqondo: Oku kuquka ukuchonga nokutshintsha iingcamango ezingalunganga kunye neengcinga ezimbi onazo malunga neziganeko ezibangela umsindo okanye izinto ozibona njengezisongelo.
• Uqeqesho lokuphumla: Ukuphefumla nzulu kunye nokuphumla kwemisipha okuqhubekayo (indlela apho uqinisa kwaye uphumza kancinci imisipha emzimbeni wakho ngelixa ucinga ngeemeko ezibangela umsindo) kunokukunceda ukunciphisa impendulo yakho kumsindo.
• Uqeqesho lwezakhono zokumelana neengxaki: Ukudlala indima nogqirha wengqondo, iimeko apho umsindo unokuvela khona, kunye nokuziqhelanisa neempendulo ezisempilweni, njengokusuka kwindawo ohlala kuyo.
• Ukuthintela ukuphinda ubuye: Abantu abane-IED bafundiswa ukuba kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba baphinde babuyele ekuziphatheni okunobundlobongela, kwaye akufuneki kubonwe njengokusilela, kodwa njengempazamo encinci okanye 'ukubuyela umva'.

Amayeza e-`(IED)`

Amanye amayeza anokunyusa "umda" wakho, nto leyo ethetha ukuba ungacaphuka kakhulu nangezinto ezincinci.

I-Fluoxetine (iSelective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor - SSRI) yeyona iyeza elifundwa kakhulu kunyango lwe-IED. Amanye amayeza afundwe kwi-IED aquka iPhenytoin, iLithium, iOxcarbazepine, kunye neCarbamazepine.

Oogqirha banokumisela ezi ntlobo zamayeza e-IED:

• `(Ii-Antidepressants)`
• `(Amayeza okubulala iingqondo)` (amayeza okugula ngengqondo)
• `(Anticonvulsants)` (amayeza anikwayo kwiimeko ezifana nesifo sokuwa)
• `(Amayeza okulwa nokuxhalaba)` (Amayeza okulwa nokuxhalaba)
• `(Abalawuli beMood)` (iziyobisi ezizinzisa imood)

Kubalulekile: La mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha, ngokwemilinganiselo emiselweyo, nangexesha elimiselweyo. Ukuthatha okanye ukuyeka amayeza ngokuthanda kwakho kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu.

Ziziphi izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko wokufumana isifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)?

Abaphandi bafumanise izinto ezininzi ezibangela le meko:

• Ukuba yindoda eselula.
• Ukungabikho kwemisebenzi.
• Ukuba ngumntu ongatshatanga (ongatshatanga).
• Inqanaba lemfundo eliphantsi kakhulu.
• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwesondo, ingakumbi ebuntwaneni.
• Ukuba nelungu losapho elisondeleyo eline-Intermittent Explosive Disorder.

Ukuba uneenkxalabo okanye amathandabuzo okuba umntwana wakho unokuba nale meko, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ngayo.

Ithini ingqikelelo yomntu onesifo sokuqhambuka kwezifo esiqhubekayo (IED)?

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantu abane-IED banolwaneliseko oluphantsi ebomini kunye nobomi obuphantsi. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elibi kwimpilo yakho iyonke, kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu kubomi bakho bobuqu, kubomi bosapho, emsebenzini, nakubudlelwane bakho nabantu.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-IED inokulawulwa ngempumelelo nge-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba izifundo zibonisa ukuba i-IED idla ngokuba yimeko yexesha elide, ehlala iminyaka eli-12 ukuya kwengama-20, okanye ubomi bonke.

Ukongeza, abantu abane-IED banamathuba amaninzi okuba nezi meko zilandelayo:

• `(Uxinzelelo)` (Uxinzelelo)
• `(Ixhala)` (Ixhala)
• `(Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala)` (Ukuxhomekeka kutywala)
• `(Ingxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi)` (Ukuxhomekeka kwezinye iziyobisi)

Kubaluleke kakhulu: Abantu abane-IED basengozini enkulu yokuzilimaza (umz., ukuzisika, ukuzitshisa) nokuzibulala. Ke ngoko, ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unokuba ne-Intermittent Explosive Disorder, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED)?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-Intermittent Explosive Disorder, kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezi kukufuna unyango lobuchwephesha nolwezonyango kwaye unamathele kulo. Kunyango, ungafunda izinto ezininzi ezinokukunceda uthintele umsindo ukuba ungenzeki, kwaye ukuba uyenzeka, ulawule:

• Iindlela zokuphumla: Izinto ezifana nokuzilolonga ngokuphefumla nzulu kunye nokucamngca.
• Ukutshintsha indlela ocinga ngayo (Ukulungiswa kwengqondo): Ukuchonga nokutshintsha iingcinga ezibangela umsindo.
• Izakhono zonxibelelwano: Ukufunda ukuveza iimvakalelo zakho neemfuno zakho ngokucacileyo kwabanye ngaphandle komsindo.
• Tshintsha indawo okuyo, kwaye ufunde ukubaleka kwiindawo ezixinezelekileyo ukuba kunokwenzeka: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukubaleka nje kwindawo okanye umntu okwethutyana kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Enye into ebaluleke kakhulu kukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa utywala nezinye iziyobisi. Ezi zinto zinokunciphisa ngakumbi amandla akho okulawula iminqweno yakho kwaye zonyuse umngcipheko wakho wokuziphatha ngogonyamelo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha malunga `(Intermittent Explosive Disorder - IED)`?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho niye nafunyaniswa ukuba ninesifo sokuQhuma esiPhakathi, kufuneka nidibane neqela lezonyango (ugqirha, ingcali yezonyango) rhoqo ukuze nibone ukuba unyango lwenu (i-psychotherapy kunye/okanye amayeza) luyasebenza na kwaye ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho ekufuneka lwenziwe.

Ukuba indlela oziphatha ngayo okanye yomntwana wakho ibangela ingozi okanye ingozi kwabanye (abanye abantu, izilwanyana), funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, ukuba umntu one-`(IED)` ucinga ngokuzilimaza okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala, uncedo luyafuneka ngokukhawuleza. Nceda wazise ugqirha okanye umntu othembekileyo ngokukhawuleza, okanye ubhekisele kwinkonzo yezempilo yengqondo ekufutshane (umz., iyunithi yengqondo yesibhedlele sikarhulumente).

Khumbula, i-Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED) yimeko yempilo yengqondo. Ayisiyonto imbi okanye umkhwa ombi. Njengakwesiphi na isifo sengqondo, ukufuna uncedo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uqaphela iimpawu kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka neengxaki ebomini bakho. Iingcali zempilo yengqondo zinokukunika isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe wena kwaye sikuncede ukulawula iingcinga zakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho.

Intsapho kunye nabantu obathandayo babantu abane-IED badla ngokuziva bexinezelekile kakhulu, bedakumbile, kwaye bebodwa. Kubalulekile ukunyamekela impilo yakho yengqondo kwaye ufune uncedo ukuba unale mpawu. Ukuba uthandana nomntu one-IED, cinga ngokuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela wena nabantwana bakho.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako.

• Isifo Sokuqhushumba Esiqhubekayo (IED) sisifo sengqondo sokwenyani. Asikuko nje "umsindo ombi" okanye "umsindo ombi."
• Le meko inokulawulwa ngempumelelo ngonyango lwengqondo kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza.
• Kungcono ukufumana uncedo nonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuze iingxaki zisombululwe ngaphambi kokuba zibe nkulu.
• Musa ukuba neentloni zokucela uncedo kwimeko enje. Awuwedwa.
• Njengamntu one-IED, amalungu osapho lwakhe adinga inkxaso noncedo. Nabo banokubandezeleka yile nto.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, nceda uthethe nogqirha okanye nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo ofanelekileyo.

Isifo Sokuqhambuka Esiqhubekayo , i-IED, ulawulo lomsindo, ukuziphatha okungxamisekileyo, impilo yengqondo, i-CBT, unyango