Ngaba kukho iqhubu elingaqhelekanga kwindawo yakho yomhlathi? Masifunde ngqo ngeeNqamza zoMhlathi kunye neeTumors!

Ngaba wakha waphawula iqhuma elincinci okanye ithumba emlonyeni okanye emhlathini wakho waza wazibuza ukuba yintoni? Okanye wakha woyika xa ugqirha wamazinyo ejonga i-X-ray yakho waza wathi, "Kukho into encinci apha"? Nangona ezi zinto zingaqhelekanga, zinokwenzeka nakubani na. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe nge-Jaw Cysts kunye ne-Tumors.

Zithini ezi cysts zomhlathi kunye neethumba?

Ngamafutshane, la ngamaqhuma anokwakheka emlonyeni wakho, emathanjeni omhlathi wakho (kuquka amazinyo akho), okanye kwizicubu ezithambileyo. Iqhuma lomhlathi sisingxobo esizaliswe lulwelo okanye into engaphantsi kolwelo. Cinga ngayo njengebhubhu elincinci, kodwa lenza ngaphakathi kwizicubu. Kwelinye icala, iqhuma liyingqokelela eqinileyo yezicubu ezenziwe ziiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Zombini ezi ziqumayo zihlala zingenabungozi, okanye zingenamhlaza. Oku kuthetha ukuba zinokukhula zibe nkulu, zichaphazele izicubu zobuso bakho nomlomo, kodwa zihlala zingasasazeki kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, la maqhuqhuva okanye iithumba ezinxulumene nomhlathi zinokuba yingozi, okanye zibe ngumhlaza. Oogqirha bakwabiza lo mhlaza womhlathi ngokuthi. Ukuba awunyangwa, la maqhuqhuva kunye neethumba ezinomhlaza zinokusasazeka ngaphaya komhlathi wakho ziye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naziphi na izihluma ezintsha kwindawo yakho yomhlathi okanye ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho, kubalulekile ukuzibonisa ugqirha. Nokuba iqhuma okanye ithumba alinabungozi, ezinye iintlobo zinokubangela iintlungu, zonakalise ithambo lomhlathi, okanye zikhuphe amazinyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo zee-jaw cysts kunye nee-tumor?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-cysts kunye nee-tumor ezinxulumene nomhlathi. Oogqirha bazibeka njengezingenabungozi okanye ezinobungozi, nokuba ziqala kwizicubu ezinxulumene nokukhula kwamazinyo (ii-cysts kunye nee-tumor ezibangelwa yi-odontogenic) okanye kwezinye izicubu (ii-cysts kunye nee-tumor ezibangelwa yi-nonodontogenic).

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeethumba zomhlathi ezingengobungozi kunye neethumba

Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi azinazo iintsholongwane zomhlaza, oko kukuthi, iintlobo 'ezingenobungozi' zeethumba kunye nokukhula. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili:

• I-Ameloblastoma: Le yithumba elikhula kancinci, elingakhuliyo elivela kwizicubu ezenza amazinyo. Lihlala likhula kumhlathi wakho ongezantsi, kufutshane namazinyo akho angasemva (ii-molars). Nangona lihlala lingenabungozi, ezinye iintlobo ze-ameloblastoma zinokuba yingozi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona liyithumba elingenabungozi, ngamanye amaxesha linokukhula ngokwaneleyo ukutshintsha imo yomhlathi wakho okanye lonakalise amazinyo akho.
• I-granuloma yeseli enkulu ephakathi:Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-non-odontogenic 'benign' tumor. Ihlala isenzeka ngaphambili komhlathi ongezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka nakwi-upper layer. Uninzi lwee-tumor lubangela ukudumba komhlathi okungenabuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, ii-tumor ezikhula ngokukhawuleza zinokubangela ukudumba okubuhlungu kunye nokukhubeka kwamazinyo.
• Iicysts zamazinyo: Olu lolona hlobo lwesibini oluqhelekileyo lwe-odontogenic cyst, oluvela kwizicubu ezenza amazinyo. Ezi ziicysts ezikhula kancinci ezijikeleza izicubu zamazinyo angaqhumanga emlonyeni. Zihlala zenzeka kufutshane namazinyo akho angasemva (ii-molars). Ngamanye amaxesha, zinokufumaneka kufutshane nezinja eziphezulu, ezingamazinyo kumacala omabini amazinyo akho angaphambili.
• Ii-Odontogenic keratocysts: Ezi zikwayi-cysts ezikhula kancinci. Zihlala zenzeka kufutshane namazinyo angasemva (ii-molars). Ii-keratocysts ezincinci azisoloko zibuhlungu, kodwa ii-cysts ezinkulu zinokubangela ukudumba okubuhlungu. Ezi cysts ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba luphawu lwesifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esibizwa ngokuba yiGorlin syndrome . Le meko inyusa umngcipheko wokufumana ii-odontogenic keratocysts kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu.
• I-Odontogenic myxoma / myxofibroma: Le yithumba elingelona libi, elikhula kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, eli thumba linokukhula ngokwaneleyo ukuba lonakalise umhlathi wakho kwaye lisuse amazinyo.
• I-Odontoma: Le yeyona tumor ixhaphakileyo nengenabungozi. Uhlobo olunye ludla ngokuvela kumhlathi ongezantsi kwaye lunezakhiwo ezininzi ezifana namazinyo (`uhlobo lwe-compound`). Olunye uhlobo ludla ngokuvela kumhlathi ongaphezulu kwaye lunezicubu ezingaqhelekanga ezingafaniyo namazinyo (`uhlobo oluntsonkothileyo`).
• Iicysts zePeriapical: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-jaw cyst. Zibangelwa kukudumba okubangelwa kukwenzakala kwezinyo.

Iintsholongwane ezingaqhelekanga zemihlathi kunye neethumba

Ngethamsanqa, iithumba zomhlathi kunye nee-cysts ezibangelwa ngumhlaza, okanye 'ziyingozi' azifumaneki lula. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• I-Carcinoma: Olu luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kwizicubu ezijikeleze amalungu omzimba, imijelo yangaphakathi, kunye nolusu.
• I-Sarcoma: Lo ngumhlaza oqala emathanjeni okanye kwizicubu ezithambileyo ezijikelezileyo.
• I-Carcinosarcoma: Le yindibaniselwano yazo zombini iintlobo zomhlaza, `(Carcinoma)` kunye `(Sarcoma).`

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi cysts kunye neethumba ezinxulumene nomhlathi?

Enyanisweni, iithumba kunye namaqhuma anxulumene nomhlathi azixhaphakanga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, iintlobo ezinobungozi okanye ezinomhlaza azixhaphakanga kakhulu.

Nangona kunjalo, uphando lubonise ukuba abantu kwiindawo ezithile banamathuba amaninzi okuba nazo. Umzekelo, eMntla Melika, yi-1% kuphela yokukhula okungaqhelekanga emlonyeni okubangelwa ziithumba ezibangela ukudumba. Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe aseAfrika, eli nani liphezulu njenge-20%.

Zithini iimpawu ukuba ndineqhubu okanye ithumba emhlathini wam?

Uninzi lwexesha, la maqhuqhuva kunye namaqhuqhuva akhula kancinci kwaye awabangeli zimpawu. Usenokungazi nokuba unayo ngaphandle kokuba ifunyenwe ngengozi ngexesha le-X-ray yamazinyo okanye uvavanyo lomfanekiso wenye ingxaki yentloko nentamo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa amahlumela ekhula kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba aqala ukuhlasela izicwili ezisempilweni ezikufutshane, iimpawu zinokuvela. Ezi ziquka:

• Intlungu, ukuqina, okanye ukuba ndindisholo kwindawo yomhlathi.
• Ukudumba (oku kusenokuba buhlungu okanye kusenokuphela).
• Utshintsho kwindlela obubonakala ngayo ubuso bakho.
• Iqhuma elitsha emhlathini (eli linokuba lukhuni okanye lithambile).
• Utshintsho kwindlela amazinyo adibana ngayo (Ukutshintsha kokuluma).
• Ukutshixiza amazinyo.

Yintoni ebangela la maqhuqhuva emihlathini kunye namaqhuqhuva?

Uninzi lweethumba zomhlathi kunye neethumba zikhula kuba iiseli ezinceda ekwenzeni amazinyo aziphathe ngendlela engaqhelekanga, zenze iithumba okanye iingxowa ezizaliswe lulwelo (ii-cysts). Oku kwenzeka ekukhuleni kwe-"odontogenic". Nangona kunjalo, iiseli akufuneki zibandakanyeke ekwakhiweni kwamazinyo ukuze zikhule ngendlela engaqhelekanga.

Ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli kudla ngokubangelwa lutshintsho kwi-DNA (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) . Njengoko usazi, i-DNA yikhowudi exelela iiseli zethu indlela yokukhula kunye nexesha lokuyeka. Xa kukho iingxaki ngale khowudi, inkqubo yokwahlukana kweeseli inokungahambi kakuhle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekukhuleni okungafunekiyo.

Umzekelo, abantu abane -Gorlin syndrome (nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome) bane-mutations ezibangela ukuba iiseli ziqhubeke zahlukana nokuba kufuneka ziyeke. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abanale meko badla ngokuba ne-odontogenic keratocysts ezininzi. Bakwanomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-basal cell carcinoma, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesikhumba.

Zifunyaniswa njani ezi ntsholongwane zomhlathi kunye neethumba?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola iimpawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, aze enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Uvavanyo lomfanekiso lunokubonisa iithumba okanye amaqhuqhuva emhlathini wakho nakufutshane nawo. Oku kuquka:

• Ii-X-reyi.
• I-MRI (i-magnetic resonance imaging).
• Iskeni ye-CT (i-CT scan).

Ukongeza, unokufuna ukuba wenze i-biopsy . Kwi-biopsy, ugqirha uthatha isampuli yolwelo okanye izicubu ezivela ekukhuleni. Ingcali yezifo ihlola isampuli phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze ibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zeeseli ezikuyo. Olu lwazi lunokunceda ugqirha wakho afumanise oku:

• Loluphi uhlobo lwe-cyst okanye i-tumor onayo?
• Ingaba 'ayilunganga' okanye 'ayilunganga'?
• Ingaba ikhula kancinci okanye inobundlongondlongo?

Zonke ezi zinto zinceda ugqirha wakho ukuba agqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Zinyangwa njani ezi cysts zomhlathi kunye neethumba?

Abantu abaninzi kufuneka basuswe i-cyst okanye i-tumor ngotyando . Ukongeza ekususweni kokukhula, ugqirha wakho unokususa nezicubu ezichaphazelekileyo. Oku kungabandakanya amazinyo awonakeleyo, okanye iindawo zomhlathi ongezantsi okanye umhlathi ongaphezulu. Utyando lokususa iindawo zomhlathi ongezantsi lubizwa ngokuba yi-mandibulectomy , kwaye utyando lokususa yonke okanye inxalenye yomhlathi ongaphezulu lubizwa ngokuba yi-maxillectomy .

Emva kotyando, ungadinga unyango olufana nolu ukuze wakhe umhlathi wakho kwaye uncede kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa:

• Utyando lokwakha ngokutsha: Ukuze umhlathi wakho ubukeke ngendlela owawubonakala ngayo ngaphambi kokuba ithumba livele, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa iqhekeza lethambo elivela kwelinye ilungu lomzimba wakho (njengesinqe sakho, igxalaba, okanye umlenze ongezantsi).
• Izinto zokufakelwa amazinyo: Kusenokufuneka ufakelwe amazinyo okwenziwa ukuze kufakwe amazinyo asuswe ngugqirha wakho endaweni yawo.
• Unyango lokuthetha: Ukuba unengxaki yokuthetha okanye yokubiza amagama ngokucacileyo emva kotyando, ingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) inokukunceda.
• Isikhokelo sesondlo: Kusenokufuneka ubone ingcali, njengogqirha wezondlo okanye ingcali yesondlo, ukuze ufumane ingcebiso malunga nokutya okukhuselekileyo okunokutyiwa ngelixa uphila.

Ukuba unomhlaza wemihlathi, ugqirha wakho angacebisa nonyango lomhlaza, olufana nonyango lwemitha kunye/okanye i-chemotherapy . Unyango olungcono kuwe luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwethumba okanye i-cyst onayo.

Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndineqhubu lomhlathi okanye ithumba?

Uninzi lwee-cysts zomhlathi kunye nee-tumor zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwazo, kunokufuneka uqhubeke notyelelo olulandelayo ukuze ujonge ukukhula okutsha.

Umzekelo, ii-cysts ze-periapical, ii-odontomas, kunye nee-cysts ze-dentigerous zihlala zingaphindi zibuye emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, i-central giant cell granuloma, i-odontogenic myxoma, kunye ne-odontogenic keratocysts zinokuphinda zibuye. I-Ameloblastoma iphinda ivele malunga nama-20% amatyala.

Ndingalufuna nini uncedo lwezonyango?

Ukuba uneentlungu okanye ukudumba emhlathini wakho, okanye ubona utshintsho kwinkangeleko yakho, njengeqhubu emhlathini wakho okanye amazinyo akhululekileyo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Isenokuba luphawu lwe-cyst, ithumba, okanye enye imeko yamazinyo enokunyangelwa ngugqirha.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka ubona ugqirha wakho wamazinyo. I-X-ray yamazinyo eqhelekileyo inokubona i-cyst okanye i-tumor xa isencinci kwaye ingabangela iimpawu.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Luhlobo luni lwethumba okanye i-cyst endinayo?
• Ingaba ayinobungozi okanye inobungozi?
• Ngaba ndiza kufuna utyando?
• Zithini amathuba okuba oku kwenzeke kwakhona emva kotyando?
• Ndingazinyamekela njani xa ndisaphila emva kotyando?

Ndifanele ndikhathazeke nini ngeqhubu elisemhlathini?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela iqhubu emhlathini. Uninzi lwazo azikho nzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba zisoyikise. Zinokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nee-cysts kunye nee-tumor, okanye zinokuba yinto elula njenge -allergy reaction okanye i-lymph node evuvukileyo .

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba uninzi lwezihluma ezingeyongozi zivakala zithambile kwaye zinokushukuma xa uzichukumisa. Ukuba izihluma zinomhlaza, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ziqine. Umahluko kuphela koku ngumhlaza obizwa ngokuba yi -liposarcoma , onokuvakala ngathi liqhuma elithambileyo nelishukumayo.

Ukuba uneqhuma elitsha, aliyi kuphela, libuhlungu, kwaye liphazamisana nokuhamba kwemihlathi yakho - ke lixesha lokuba ubone ugqirha.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nangona uninzi lwee-cysts zomhlathi kunye nee-tumor zingenabungozi, okanye azinamhlaza, kuqhelekile ukuba uzive udanile xa ufumanisa ukuba unesifo esifuna utyando. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuzisusa ngaphambi kokuba zibangele iimpawu ezenza kube nzima ukuphila nazo, njengentlungu kunye nokudumba emlonyeni. Ukuba sele unengxaki yezi mpawu, utyando lunokunceda ukuzisusa ngokupheleleyo. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neendlela zonyango kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho kuhlobo oluthile lwe-cyst okanye i-tumor yakho. Ungaze utyeshele nantoni na engaqhelekanga emlonyeni okanye emhlathini wakho. Kububulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

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