Ugqirha wakho usenokuba ukucele ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi okanye uvavanyo lomchamo ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha siziva sisoyika kwaye sixhalabile xa sicelwa ukuba senze uvavanyo olunjalo. Abanye abantu bayoyika ukukhupha igazi kwinaliti, kwaye abanye banokuziva bengaqhelekanga ngokunika umntu ikomityi yomchamo. Kodwa ezi mvakalelo ziqhelekile. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi vavanyo zisisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu sokwazi ukuba izintso zakho ziphilile kwaye zisebenza kakuhle.
Okokuqala, masibone ukuba ziintoni ezi zintso? Kutheni zibaluleke kangaka kuthi?
Ngamafutshane, izintso zethu zifana nenkqubo yokucoca emangalisayo emzimbeni. Uninzi lwabantu lunezintso ezimbini. Zifumaneka ngasemva kwesisu, kumacala omabini omqolo, ngaphantsi nje kwembambo.
Umsebenzi oyintloko wezintso kukucoca igazi lethu. Oko kukuthi, ukucoca inkunkuma engafunekiyo kunye namanzi angaphezulu egazini size siwakhuphe emzimbeni njengomchamo.
Akunjalo nje kuphela, izintso zenza eminye imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu:
- Ivelisa iihomoni ezilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi .
- Ivelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-erythropoietin . Yile nto inceda ekwenzeni iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zezona zithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu.
- Ivuselela i-vitamin D, ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amathambo kunye nezihlunu ziphilile.
Kutheni ufuna uvavanyo lwezintso?
Ugqirha wakho usenokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zokwenza uvavanyo lokusebenza kwezintso.
Eyona nto iphambili kukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu . Ezi zifo zingonakalisa izintso ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngoko ke, ezi mvavanyo zinceda ekujongeni rhoqo ukuba izintso zomntu onesifo esinjalo zisebenza kakuhle na.
Ukongeza, ukuba uneempawu ezibonisa ingxaki yezintso, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olu vavanyo.
| Uphawu | Ngamagama alula... |
|---|---|
| Igazi kumchamo (i-hematuria) | Umchamo obomvu okanye omdaka. |
| Umchamo onogwebu (proteinuria) | Umchamo onamagwebu amaninzi kunesiqhelo. Oku kunokubonisa ukuba kukho iproteni emchameni. |
| Ukutsha okanye intlungu xa uchama (i-dysuria) | Ukutsha kunye nentlungu xa uchama. |
| Ukudinga rhoqo ukuchama | Ukuziva ufuna ukuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo. |
| Ukudumba komzimba (i-edema) | Ukudumba, ingakumbi emilenzeni, emaqatheni, nasezandleni. |
| Ukuziva udiniwe ngokungaqhelekanga (ukudinwa) | Ukudinwa kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu, nokuba sele ulele kakuhle. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukucaphuka nokuhlanza nangona kungekho ntlungu esiswini. |
Ziziphi iintlobo zovavanyo ezenziwa kwizintso?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lokujonga ukusebenza kwezintso: uvavanyo lwegazi kunye novavanyo lomchamo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi
- I-Serum Creatinine: I-Creatinine yimveliso elahlekileyo eveliswa xa izihlunu zethu zisebenza. Izintso eziphilileyo zihluza le creatinine egazini zize ziyikhuphe emchameni. Xa izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle, inqanaba le-creatinine egazini liyanda. Ngoko ke olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-creatinine egazini.
- I-Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): Xa sitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwiproteni, kwakheka inkunkuma ene-nitrogen ngexesha lokugaya kwazo. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-urea. Le urea nayo iyahluzwa kwaye isuswe zizintso. Ukuba izintso azisebenzi kakuhle, inqanaba le-urea egazini liyakhula.
- I-GFR eqikelelweyo (eGFR):Le yindlela edla ngokuba yindlela ephambili yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwezintso. I-GFR imele i-Glomerular Filtration Rate. Oko kukuthi, lingakanani igazi elihluzwa zizintso zakho ngomzuzu. Ngenxa yokuba oku kunzima ukukulinganisa ngokuthe ngqo, kubalwa kusetyenziswa izinto ezifana nenqanaba le-creatinine egazini lakho, ubudala, kunye nesini. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-eGFR.
Uvavanyo lomchamo
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Olu luvavanyo lomchamo oluqhelekileyo. Isampuli yomchamo wakho ijongwa izinto ezifana negazi, iiproteni, kunye neswekile. Ikwajonga nezinto ezifana ne-asidi yomchamo wakho.
- I-Microalbuminuria: Olu luvavanyo lomchamo olukhethekileyo. Lukhangela ubungakanani obuncinci kakhulu beprotheyini ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-albumin kumchamo. Le protheyini ayihluzwa zizintso eziphilileyo. Ukubakho kwe-albumin kumchamo kungaba luphawu lokuqala lokuba izintso ziqala ukonakala.
- Uvavanyo lokuQokelelwa komchamo lweeyure ezingama-24: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokukucela ukuba uqokelele wonke umchamo owudlulayo emini uze uwuvavanye. Oku kunokukunceda ubone ukuba ingakanani na inkunkuma esuswa zizintso zakho yonke imihla.
Uzilungiselela njani ezi mvavanyo?
Indlela ozilungiselela ngayo ingahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kuvavanyo olulwenzayo.
Uvavanyo lwegazi:
- Usenokucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ugqirha wakho okanye ilebhu yakho iya kukunika iingcebiso ngale nto.
- Ukuba ulusu olusezandleni zakho lomile, kungcono ukugcoba i-moisturizer ngosuku olungaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula kumntu othatha igazi ukufumana umthambo.
- Ukuba uyoyika iinaliti, xelela umntu oza kuthatha igazi lakho kwangaphambili. Ziya kukunceda uzole.
Uvavanyo lomchamo:
- Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela okukhethekileyo uvavanyo lomchamo. Nangona kunjalo, licebo elihle ukusela iglasi yamanzi ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ukubonelela ngomlinganiselo ofunekayo wesampuli yomchamo.
- Ukuba ungumfazi kwaye uthatha uvavanyo ngosuku oluya exesheni ngalo, xelela ugqirha wakho okanye elebhu ngalo nto, njengoko igazi lokuya exesheni linokuchaphazela iziphumo zengxelo.
Emva kovavanyo... uyiqonda njani ingxelo?
Xa ufumana ingxelo yovavanyo lwakho, ungothuswa ngamanani akulo. Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukukuchazela ukuba athetha ukuthini kuwe. Kodwa ngokubanzi, kukho izinto ezimbini eziphambili ekufuneka uzijonge.
1. Isantya sokuhluza seGlomerular esiQikelelweyo (eGFR)
Eli lizinga lokuhluzwa kwezintso. Umntu omdala osempilweni une-eGFR eyi-100 nangaphezulu.
- Ixabiso le-eGFR liphakathi kwama-60 kunye nama-100:Oku kuthetha ukuba nangona izintso zonakele kancinci, zisasebenza kakuhle.
- Ixabiso le-eGFR lingaphantsi kwama-60: Oku kunokubonisa ukuba kukho iSifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD).
Kubalulekile: Nokuba awunaso isifo, i-eGFR yakho iya kuncipha kancinci njengoko ukhula.
| Uluhlu Lobudala | I-eGFR ephakathi |
|---|---|
| Iminyaka eyi-20-29 ubudala | 116 |
| Iminyaka engama-30-39 ubudala | 107 |
| Iminyaka engama-40-49 ubudala | 99 |
| Iminyaka engama-50-59 ubudala | 93 |
| Iminyaka engama-60-69 ubudala | 85 |
| iminyaka engaphezu kwama-70 | 75 |
2. Umlinganiselo we-Urine Albumin-Creatinine (uACR)
Oku kulinganisa ukuba ingakanani i-albumin (uhlobo lweproteni) ekwimchamo wakho.
- Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo: ngaphantsi kwe-30 mg/g.
- Ixabiso lomngcipheko: Ixabiso eliyi-300 mg/g okanye ngaphezulu libonisa umngcipheko omkhulu wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Kuthekani ukuba iziphumo zengxelo zibonisa ukuba kukho isifo sezintso esaqalayo?
Okokuqala, ungoyiki. Ukuba iziphumo zengxelo yakho zibonisa isifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokuqala, ugqirha wakho uza kuchaza amanyathelo alandelayo omawuwathathe.
- Unganikwa amayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
- Ungathunyelwa kugqirha ogxile kwizifo zezintso, okanye kwi -nephrologist .
- Usenokucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo rhoqo ukuze kujongwe imeko yezintso zakho.
- Ungacetyiswa ukuba wenze utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo.
Into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ukusela amanzi amaninzi kuphela akuyi kuyibuyisela umva ingozi yezintso. Ukusela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kovavanyo kunokunciphisa okwethutyana amanqanaba akho e-creatinine, kodwa akuyi kuyinyanga le meko. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwezintso lulula, kodwa lubaluleke kakhulu olunokukunceda ubone impilo yezintso zakho.
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenze olu vavanyo rhoqo, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisa.
- Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu ezifana notshintsho kumchamo, ukudumba, kunye nokudinwa okungaqhelekanga.
- Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo zengxelo yovavanyo lwakho nogqirha wakho. Musa ukwenza izigqibo zakho malunga nesifo sakho ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufumaneka kwi-intanethi.
- Ukuba isifo sezintso sifunyenwe kwasekuqaleni, singalawulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
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