Ngaba nawe unamatye ezintso? (Amatye ezintso) - Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha!

Ngaba wakha waba nentlungu engathethekiyo emqolo okanye esisu esisezantsi, kunye nobunzima bokuchama? Okanye ngaba wakha waba negazi kumchamo wakho? Ukuba unale mpawu, usenokuba namatye ezintso. Ungakhathazeki, makhe sifumane okungakumbi ngale nto namhlanje.

Zithini ezi zitshetshe zezintso?

Ngamafutshane, amatye ezintso zizinto eziqinileyo, ezifana nelitye ezithi zakheke ngaphakathi kwezintso zethu. La matye enziwa xa izinto ezithile kumchamo wethu, ezinje ngeeminerali kunye nee-asidi, zidibana. Anokuba mancinci njengesanti, okanye angabi makhulu njengebhola yegalufa. Oogqirha bakwabiza la matye ngokuthi "i-renal calculi."

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ilitye elikwizintso zakho lincinci kakhulu, usenokungabi nazimpawu kwaye lisenokuphuma nomchamo wakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba likhulu kancinci, linokubhajwa kwityhubhu ethwala umchamo ukusuka kwizintso ukuya kwisinyi, i-ureter. Kulapho ke iingxaki ziqala khona. Umchamo awuhambi kakuhle kwaye uqala ukuqubha, izintso azikwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wazo wokucoca inkunkuma ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho nokopha.

Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuba ilitye elinje liphume kumchamo lodwa. Nangona kunjalo, namatye amancinci ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo. Amatye amakhulu anokufuneka aqhekezwe ngugqirha okanye asuswe ngotyando.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ii-kidney stones?

Esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo kunokuba unokucinga. Ngokwesiqhelo, malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi uya kuba namatye ezintso ebomini bakhe. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nama-40 ubudala.

Zithini iimpawu zamatye ezintso?

Uphawu oluqhelekileyo ziintlungu eziqatha kumqolo ongezantsi, ecaleni kwesisu, okanye emqolo. Le ntlungu isenokuba yinto engapheliyo okanye ifike ize idlule. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-"colicky pain" kuba iza ngamaza.

Ukongeza kule ntlungu, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu:

• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Igazi kumchamo (umchamo unokuba bomvu, upinki, okanye umdaka).
• Ukuziva intlungu xa uchama.
• Ukungakwazi ukuchama okanye umchamo omncinci kakhulu.
• Ukuziva ngathi kufuneka uchame rhoqo.
• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda (oku kungaba luphawu losulelo).
• Umchamo omnyama ngombala okanye onevumba elibi.

Khumbula, ukuba unamatye amancinci kakhulu, usenokungabi nantlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu.

Kutheni la matye ezintso enziwa?

Umchamo wethu unezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-calcium, i-sodium, i-oxalate, kunye ne-uric acid. Xa sisela amanzi amancinci, okanye xa ezi zinto ziba zininzi kakhulu kumchamo wethu, ziyanamathelana, zihlangane, kwaye zenze amatye. La matye awakheki ngobusuku obunye, kodwa kancinci kancinci emva kweenyanga, ngamanye amaxesha iminyaka.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamatye ezintso?

Ewe, la matye ahlulwe ngokwezinto ezenziwe ngazo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili:

• Amatye e-calcium-oxalate kunye ne-calcium phosphate: La matye aqhelekileyo. La matye anokwakheka xa utya ukutya okuninzi okune-oxalate eninzi (njengespinatshi kunye namandongomane athile), utya ukutya okune-calcium encinci, kwaye ungaseli manzi aneleyo.
• Amatye ane-uric acid: Abantu abatya kakhulu iiproteni zezilwanyana (ezifana nenyama yenkomo, inkukhu, inyama yehagu, intlanzi, namaqanda) basengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa lolu hlobo lwelitye.
• Amatye eStruvite: La adla ngokubangelwa zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ukuba unezifo ezibangelwa yimichamo rhoqo, unokuba ne-staghorn calculus enkulu kakhulu. La matye kufuneka asuswe ngotyando.
• Amatye e-Cystine: La anqabile kancinci. Abangelwa yimeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-cystinuria. I-Cystine luhlobo lwe-amino acid.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wamatye ezintso?

Abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba namatye ezintso. Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokubangela oku:

• Ukungaseli manzi aneleyo: Esi sesona sizathu siphambili.
• Ukutya inyama eninzi, intlanzi kunye nokunye ukutya okutyebileyo kwiproteni.
• Ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi (i-sodium) kunye neswekile (ingakumbi i-sucrose kunye ne-fructose).
• Ukuthatha izongezo zevithamini C ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba namatye ezintso (utyekelo lwelifa).
• Ukuba nohlobo oluthile lokuvaleka kwendlela yomchamo.
• Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando esiswini okanye emathunjini (umz., utyando lwesisu).
• Ukuba uqhubeka nokusebenzisa amayeza athile (umz., amayeza okukhupha isisu, amayeza okunciphisa i-asidi asekelwe kwi-calcium, kunye namanye amayeza esifo sokuwa).
• Ukuba nezinye iimeko ezithile zempilo.

Iimeko ezonyusa umngcipheko wamatye ezintso

Kukho iimeko ezithile zempilo ezinyusa umngcipheko wokuba namatye ezintso. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• `(I-Cystic fibrosis)`
• I-Cystinuria, isifo semfuza apho i-cystine iqokelelana khona emzimbeni
• Isifo seswekile
• Igawuthi
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-calcium kumchamo (i-hypercalciuria)
• Isifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD)
• Iintsholongwane zezintso
• Ukutyeba kakhulu
• I-Osteoporosis
• Isifo se-Parathyroid
• `(I-hyperoxaluria ephambili)` (imeko apho i-oxalate iveliswa ngokugqithisileyo)
• Iimeko ezinje ngokukhubazeka (iHemiplegia okanye iparaplegia)

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yamatye ezintso?

Amatye ezintso awayongxaki nje kuphela, ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.

• Indlela yomchamo iyavaleka, umchamo ubuyela umva, kwaye izintso ziyadumba (i-hydronephrosis).
• Usulelo lwezintso (pyelonephritis).
• Ukulimala kwezintso ngokukhawuleza (oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokunyangeka).
• Ukuvela rhoqo kwezifo zomchamo (UTIs).
• Umngcipheko wokufumana isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD).

Wazi njani ukuba unamatshe ezintso?

Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngokweempawu zakho, uya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi.

• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Oku kunokujonga igazi kumchamo, iikristale ezinokwenza amatye, kunye neempawu zosulelo.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Ii-X-reyi, ii-CT scans (ii-computed tomography scans), kunye nee-ultrasound scans zinokunceda ekumiseleni ubungakanani, imilo, indawo, kunye nenani lamatye.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaneni izinto ezinokubangela ukwakheka kwamatye, njengokusebenza kwezintso, usulelo, kunye namanqanaba e-calcium egazini.

Aphathwa njani amatye ezintso?

Ukuba unelitye elincinci elinokuthi lizidlulele lodwa, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uqaphele iimpawu uze ulinde lidlule. Okwangoku, banokukunika amayeza okunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu nokunceda ilitye lidlule lula.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho amatye amakhulu, unyango luya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nobukhulu bawo, indawo akuyo, nokuba abangela usulelo na, kunye nokuba iimpawu zinzima kangakanani. Ukuba ilitye alizidluli ngokwalo emva kweeveki ezimbalwa okanye ukuba kukho ukuvaleka, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba ilitye liqhekezwe lisuswe, okanye lisuswe ngotyando.

Amayeza

Kumntu onamatye amancinci azibulalayo kwaye angosuleleki, ugqirha angamnika amayeza afana nala:

• Amayeza aphumza izihlunu ngaphakathi kwi-ureter kwaye ancede ilitye ukuba lidlule ngokulula: umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-tamsulosin (Flomax®) kunye ne-nifedipine (Adalat® okanye i-Procardia®).
• Amayeza okulawula isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Amayeza okulawula iintlungu: Kwanamatye amancinci ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela iintlungu ezinzima. Ugqirha angakunika amayeza okudambisa iintlungu. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza afana ne-ibuprofen.Ukusela ezi xa unentlungu eqatha ngenxa yamatye ezintso kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba nezintso zakho zingasebenzi kakuhle, ingakumbi ukuba unezinye izifo.

Unyango olukhethekileyo lwamatye ezintso

Ukuba kukho amatye angakwaziyo ukuziphumela ngokwawo okanye avala umchamo, ugqirha unokucebisa inkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuqhekeza kunye/okanye ukususa amatye. Oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nobukhulu kunye nendawo elikuyo ilitye.

• I-Shockwave lithotripsy (SWL): Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo ngaphandle komzimba ukuthumela amaza othuko anamandla aphezulu ukuqhekeza ilitye. Iziqwenga ezityumkileyo emva koko ziphuma lula emchameni.
• I-Ureteroscopy: Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka isixhobo esincinci esinekhamera (i-scope) nge-urethra , ngesinyi, kwi-ureter, aze afumane ilitye. Emva koko, esebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ezincinci ezidluliswa kwisixhobo, ilitye liyaqhekeka okanye lisuswe libe ziingceba.
• I-Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Le nkqubo isetyenziswa ukuba ezinye iindlela azikwazi ukususa ilitye . Oku kuquka ukwenza umngxuma omncinci eluswini, ukudlulisa ityhubhu ngqo kwizintso, kunye nokusebenzisa into efana namaza e-ultrasound ukuqhekeza ilitye nokulisusa.
• Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic: Oku kubandakanya ukwenza imingxunya emincinci embalwa esiswini kunye nokufaka ikhamera kunye nezixhobo ezincinci ukususa ilitye. Kunqabile kakhulu, utyando oluvulekileyo, olubandakanya ukwenza umngxunya omkhulu, lunokufuneka.

Ngaba amatye ezintso ayaphela ngokwawo?

Ewe, malunga nama-80 ekhulwini amatye ezintso aphuma ngokwawo ngomchamo. Ixesha elithathwayo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu nendawo elikuyo ilitye. Ilitye elincinci kuneemilimitha ezi-4 (mm) lingadlula kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Ilitye elikhulu kunelo lingathatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Nje ukuba ilitye lifikelele kwisinyi, lidla ngokuphuma kwimihla embalwa.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ucinga ukuba unamatshe ezintso, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha, ahlolwe, kwaye ujonge naziphi na iingxaki ezifana nokuvaleka komchamo. Ukuba ilitye alikadluli emva kweeveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu, kufuneka ubone ugqirha kwakhona.

Ngaba amatye ezintso angathintelwa?

Oko sikutyayo nesikuselayo kunempembelelo enkulu kumngcipheko wethu wokuba namatye ezintso. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo malunga neendlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Banokucebisa izinto ezifana nezi:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi: ubuncinane iilitha ezi-2-3 ngosuku.
• Nciphisa iiproteni zezilwanyana (inyama, intlanzi).
• Nciphisa ukutya okuneswekile eninzi netyuwa.
• Nciphisa ukutya okune-oxalates eninzi: Ukuba unengxaki yokufumana amatye e-calcium oxalate, ungacetyiswa ukuba unciphise ukutya okufana nesipinatshi, amandongomane, kunye nengqolowa.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
• Yitya ukutya okune-calcium eninzi: Oku kunokuvakala kumangalisa, kodwa ukutya okune-calcium eninzi kunokunceda ekuthinteleni amatye ezintso. Nangona kunjalo, izongezo ze-calcium kunye ne-antacids ezine-calcium azincedi. Zinokunyusa umngcipheko wamatye.
• Amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha: Ukuba utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo alwanelanga, ugqirha angakunika amayeza okunceda ukuthintela amatye ezintso. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwelitye onalo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba unesifo samatye kwizintso?

Malunga nama-90% amatye amancinci angaphantsi kwe-6 mm ngobukhulu kunye nama-60% amatye amakhulu angaphezu kwe-6 mm ngobukhulu ayadlula ngokwawo. Ukuba kukho ilitye elikhulu okanye ukuba livala ukuhamba komchamo, kunokufuneka lityunyuzwe okanye lisuswe. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanamatye amancinci ekucingelwa ukuba adlula ngokwawo anokukhula kancinci kancinci okanye ashukume aze abangele ukuvaleka.

Ukuba ukhe waba namatye ezintso, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uphinde uwafumane kwixesha elizayo. Ngoko ke, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokwenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo kwaye mhlawumbi uthathe amayeza.

Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokususa amatye ezintso ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba ilitye liza kuzidlulela ngokwalo, kufuneka usele amanzi amaninzi ukuze lidlule. Sela amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nento omawuyitye nento omawungayityi.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo xa une-kidney stones?

Amatye ezintso akufuneki ayeke imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla okanye anciphise ukonwabela kwakho ubomi. Amatye ezintso awahlali ehleli, njengoko edlula emchameni kwaye kukho unyango olufumanekayo.

Ngaba amatye ezintso abangela isifo sezintso?

Ukuba unamatshe ezintso, usemngciphekweni wokufumana amatye amaninzi kunye nesifo sezintso esingapheliyo.

Ngaba amatye ezintso ayabulala?

Hayi. Amatye ezintso awabangeli ukufa.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zamatye ezintso, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba unelitye, ukwazi apho likhoyo nokuba likhulu kangakanani kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ufumane unyango kwaye uthintele iingxaki.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba intlungu ayinyamezeleki, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Baza kukunika amayeza entlungu kunye naso nasiphi na isicaphucaphu/ukuhlanza onakho.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Xa udibana nogqirha wakho, ungambuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Ngaba ndinamatshe ezintso, okanye kukho esinye isizathu sezi mpawu?
• Loluphi uhlobo lwelitye lezintso endinalo?
• Ilitye lam lezintso likhulu kangakanani?
• Iphi?
• Mangaphi amatye endinawo?
• Ngaba ndifuna unyango, okanye olu hlobo lonyango luza kuphela ngokwalo?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndivavanyelwe isifo sezintso?
• Zeziphi iinguqu ekufuneka ndizenze kwindlela enditya ngayo?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokususa amatye kum?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya:

Amatye ezintso anokuba yimeko ecaphukisayo nebuhlungu ngamanye amaxesha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Intlungu inokuba nkulu, kwaye utyando lunokufuneka. Khumbula: thatha amayeza akho njengoko kumiselwe, sela amanzi amaninzi, kwaye ulandele ukutya kwakho. Kwakhona, amatye ezintso yimeko yexeshana. Ayizukukukhathaza ngonaphakade. Yiba sempilweni!

Amatye Ezintso , Amatye Ezintso, Isifo Sezintso, Amatye Omchamo, Intlungu Yomqolo, I-Renal Calculi, Unyango Lwelitye Lezintso