Ingaba nawe unesitshiso sentliziyo emva kokutya? Andazi nokuba yiGERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)!

Molo! Unjani? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko abantu abaninzi abanayo, kodwa abanye abayinaki kangako, kodwa yinto efuna ingqalelo encinci. Ngaba wakha waba nemvakalelo yokutshisa esifubeni sakho emva kokutya, incasa emuncu emqaleni wakho, okanye kwanaxa usitya? Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba oku kuqhelekile, kodwa ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo kwaye kuphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, kusenokuba luphawu lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease).' Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ukuze ukwazi nokuqonda ngcono oku.

Yintoni iGERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) ngokulula?

Ngamafutshane, i-GERD kuxa i-asidi esesiswini sethu, olulwelo olunceda ekugayeni ukutya, ibuyela phezulu, oko kukuthi, kwi-esophagus (umbhobho wokutya), ukuya emqaleni. Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Owu, oko kuyenzeka nakum, kuvakala ngathi kubuyela emqaleni wethu xa sisitya." Ewe, yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-GER (Gastroesophageal Reflux) okanye "reflux" nje. Sisenokuba sinamava anjalo ukususela ebuntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le meko ye-GER iyenzeka rhoqo, ukuba uneempawu ezifana ne-heartburn kunye ne-regurgitation ngaphezulu kwesibini ngeveki, okanye ukuba ikubangela ezinye iingxaki, umzekelo, ubunzima bokuginya, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, ukwehla kobunzima, okanye umonakalo kwi-esophagus, ke le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease). Oko kuthetha ukuba 'i-GERD' yimeko efuna ukhathalelo nonyango olungaphezulu kunomqala obuhlungu nje. Khawuthelekelele, kukho umsipha ofana nomnyango phakathi kwesisu sethu kunye ne-esophagus. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-'LES (Lower Esophageal Sphincter)' okanye i-lower esophageal sphincter . Olu cango luvuleka xa siginya ukutya, kwaye luvala kwakhona xa ukutya kungena esiswini. Oku kuthintela ukutya kunye ne-asidi esiswini ukuba kungabuyeli phezulu kwi-esophagus. Kodwa ukuba le 'LES' ayivali kakuhle, okanye ukuba ivuleka rhoqo, oko kuqulathe isisu kuyaphuma.

Kutheni i-GERD isenzeka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?

Akukho nto inye kuphela ebangela i-GERD, zininzi izinto ezinokubangela loo nto. Makhe sijonge izinto eziphambili ezibangela loo nto.

• Ubuthathaka be-sphincter esezantsi kwe-esophageal ( LES ): Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ingxaki iqala xa esi sihlunu singasebenzi kakuhle. Ukutya okuthile, iziselo (ezifana nekofu , iti, itshokolethi , utywala), ukutshaya , kunye namayeza athile anokubangela ukuba esi sihlunu siphumle.
• I-Hiatal Hernia : Oku kulapho inxalenye ephezulu yesisu ityhala iye esifubeni. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko we-acid reflux.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu(Ukutyeba kakhulu/Ukutyeba kakhulu): Njengoko ubunzima bomzimba busanda, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwesisu luyanda. Olu xinzelelo lunokutyhala umxholo wesisu unyuke.
• Ukukhulelwa : Utshintsho lwehomoni ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokubangela iimpawu ze-GERD , ezinokubangela uxinzelelo esiswini njengoko umntwana ekhula. Oku kudla ngokuphela emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.
• Imikhwa yokutya: Ukutya isidlo esikhulu ngaxeshanye, ukulala phantsi emva kokutya, nokutya kufutshane nexesha lokulala nako kunokubangela ukuba i-GERD ibe mandundu.
• Ukutya okuthile kunye neziselo: Ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, okuneziqholo , iitumato, iziqhamo ze-citrus (ezifana neeorenji kunye neelayimu), iminti, itshokholethi, ikofu, kunye neziselo ezinekhabhoni zinokunyusa iimpawu ze-GERD kwabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu .
• Ukutshaya: Ukutshaya kunciphisa imisipha ye-LES kwaye kunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamathe, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni ii-asidi kwi-esophagus.
• Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza e-asthma, amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu, iipilisi zokulala, kunye namanye amayeza okudakumba nawo anokunyusa iimpawu ze-GERD. Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amayeza kwaye ucinga ukuba abangela ezi mpawu, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Zithini iimpawu zeGERD?

Iimpawu zeGERD zinokwahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo .

Iimpawu ezixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala

• Isitshiso sentliziyo: Olu luphawu oluphambili olufunyanwa ngabantu abaninzi. Luphawu lokutshisa oluvela embindini wesifuba luye emqaleni emva kokutya, okanye xa ulele phantsi okanye ugobile. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba le ayisiyongxaki yentliziyo , kodwa ukuba ufumana iintlungu zesifuba ngequbuliso, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
• Ukubuyela esiswini: Ukubuyela kokutya okanye ulwelo olunencasa emuncu oluvela esiswini luye emqaleni okanye emlonyeni.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (iDysphagia): Kungathi kukukrwitshwa okanye kubuhlungu xa kuginywa ukutya.
• Imvakalelo yeGlobus: Imvakalelo yeqhubu emqaleni , kodwa yenzeka kuphela ngaphandle kokutya okanye amanzi.

Abanye abantu banokuba nazo ezi mpawu (iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga)

Nangona ezi zingaqhelekanga kangako, zinokubangelwa yi-GERD:

• Ukukhohlela okomileyo okungapheliyo: Ukukhohlela okuya kuba mandundu ngakumbi ebusuku kwaye kungenasizathu simbi.
• I-Laryngitis: Umphimbo uba buhlungu kwaye ilizwi liyatshintsha.
• Isifuba somoya: I-GERD inokubangela isifo somoya esitsha okanye isenze sibe sibi ngakumbi isifo somoya esikhoyo.
• Ukucaphuka rhoqo.
• Umoya ombi.
• Ukuguguleka kwamazinyo: Iiasidi zesisu ezingena emlonyeni zingonakalisa amazinyo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala: Iintlungu zesifuba kunye nokukhwehlela okwenzeka ebusuku kunokwenza kube nzima ukulala kakuhle.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye intlungu ephuma emhlathini okanye engalweni yakho, isenokuba ibangelwa yi-GERD, kodwa kubalulekile ukujonga imeko enzulu ngakumbi, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko ke bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kuthekani ukuba abantwana abancinci kunye neentsana bane-GERD?

Kuqhelekile ukuba iintsana zibe nobisi emqaleni wazo (GER). Kodwa ukuba luba yiGERD, ungabona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukuhlanza rhoqo okanye ukugabha ubisi oluninzi.
• Bayakhala xa benikwa ukutya, abafuni kutya, baze babe nomsindo.
• Ubunzima bomzimba abunyuki ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubunzima buyehla.
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla ezifana nokukhohlela nokuphefumla.
• Xa besondla okanye emva kokondla, bagoba imizimba yabo njengesaphetha.
• Ndisoloko ndilila ngendlela engaqondakaliyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, kungcono ukubonana nogqirha wabantwana.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-GERD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha unokuqikelela ukuba unayo na i-GERD ngokuphulaphula iimpawu zakho aze akuhlole.

• Ukubuza ngeempawu: Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu onazo, ixesha elingakanani zikhona, kwaye nini apho zinzima kakhulu.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye namayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokutya aze akunike amayeza alula e-GERD okwethutyana ukuze abone ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaphucuka na.
• Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo: Ukuba iimpawu zinzima, ukuba amayeza awasebenzi, okanye ukuba kukho ezinye iingxaki ezirhanelwayo, ugqirha unokuyalela uvavanyo olufana nolu:
• I-Upper Endoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci, ebhityileyo, enekhamera ngomlomo wakho ukuze kuhlolwe umphimbo wakho, isisu, kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancinci. Oku kunokunceda ukujonga umonakalo kumphimbo wakho okanye ezinye iingxaki. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isampuli encinci yezicubu (i-biopsy) ingathathwa.
• Uvavanyo lweprobe ye-ambulatory acid (pH): Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu ngempumlo iye kwi-esophagus ize ishiywe endaweni yayo malunga neeyure ezingama-24, kulinganiswa ukuba i-asidi ingena kangaphi kwaye ixesha elingakanani kwi-esophagus.
• I-Esophageal manometry: Le ilinganisa uxinzelelo kunye nomsebenzi we-LES kunye nemisipha ye-esophageal. Oku kubalulekile kubantu abanobunzima bokuginya.
• Uvavanyo lweBarium swallow `(Barium swallow / Esophagram)`:Kule nto, usela ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium uze uthathe imifanekiso ye-X-ray. Oku kungabonisa imilo yomqala kunye nazo naziphi na izithintelo. Nangona kunjalo, ayisasetyenziswa kakhulu ukuxilonga i-GERD.

Zithini iindlela zonyango ze-GERD? Simele senze ntoni?

Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokunyanga i-GERD: utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, amayeza, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, utyando.

1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (la ngamanyathelo okuqala nawona abalulekileyo!)

Ukwenza ezi zinto ngaphambi okanye ngamayeza kunokunceda kakhulu ukulawula iimpawu ze-GERD.

• Ukulawula ubunzima: Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, ukuzama ukunciphisa nobunzima obuncinci kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
• Ukuphepha ukutya okubangela isifo: Chonga ukutya ocinga ukuba kunokwenza iimpawu zakho ze-GERD zibe mandundu (ezifana nokutya okuneziqholo, okunamafutha, itshokholethi, ikofu, iziqhamo ze-citrus) kwaye uzinciphise kangangoko. Asinguye wonke umntu ochaphazeleka kukutya okufanayo, ngoko ke kufuneka uchonge ezo zikuchaphazelayo.
• Ukutshintsha imikhwa yokutya:
• Endaweni yokutya kakhulu kwisidlo esinye, yitya izidlo ezincinci ezimbalwa.
• Emva kokutya, musa ukulala phantsi ubuncinane iiyure ezi-2-3, hlala phantsi.
• Gqiba isidlo sangokuhlwa ubuncinane iiyure ezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba ulale.
• Ukulala intloko yebhedi iphakanyisiwe: Phakamisa intloko yebhedi malunga nee-intshi ezi-1.5-1.5. Oku kusebenza ngakumbi ngokubeka into efana nesiqwenga somthi phantsi kwemilenze yebhedi ukuphakamisa intloko yebhedi, endaweni yokusebenzisa imiqamelo emininzi.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, ukuyeka ukutshaya akulunganga kuphela kwi-GERD, kodwa nakumzimba wakho wonke.
• Ziphephe iimpahla eziqinileyo: Ziphephe ukunxiba iimpahla eziqinileyo ezicinezela isisu sakho.

2. Amayeza athathwe ngengcebiso kagqirha

Ukuba utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila lodwa alwanelanga, ugqirha wakho angakunika la mayeza. Ungaze uqhubeke nokusebenzisa la mayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.

• Ii-antacids: Ezi zinika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza. Ziyayithomalalisa i-asidi esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzisebenzisa rhoqo akulunganga, kuba zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. (Umzekelo: `Digene`, `Gelusil`).
• Ii-H2 Receptor Blockers: Ezi zinciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi esiswini. Amayeza afana neFamotidine kunye neCimetidine akweli qela.
• IiProton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Ezi zezona ziyobisi zinamandla zokunciphisa iasidi ezikhoyo. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-Omeprazole, i-Esomeprazole, i-Lansoprazole, kunye ne-Pantoprazole. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela ukuveliswa kweasidi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, anokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa esetyenziswa ixesha elide, ngoko ke kufuneka asetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

3. Utyando kwezinye iimeko

I-GERD idla ngokulawulwa ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila kunye namayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho nanye kwezi isebenzayo, ukuba amayeza abangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu, okanye ukuba i-GERD ibangele iingxaki ezinkulu (ezifana nomphimbo kaBarrett), oogqirha banokucebisa utyando.

• I-Fundoplication: Olu lolona tyando luqhelekileyo. Kule meko, kuthathwa inxalenye ephezulu yesisu ize ijikelezwe kwinxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus ukuze kuqiniswe i-LES. Oku ngoku kungenziwa nge-laparoscopically (ngokusika okuncinci).
• Zikhona nezinye iindlela ezininzi zanamhlanje.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba i-GERD ayinyangwanga kakuhle? (Iingxaki)

Akuyonto ilungileyo ukucinga ukuba i-GERD sisitshiso nje. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, ekuhambeni kwexesha, iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• I-Esophagitis: Ulwelo lomqala lunokudumba kwaye lucaphuke ngenxa yokuphindaphindwa kwe-acid reflux. Oku kunokubangela intlungu, ukopha, kunye nobunzima bokuginya.
• Ukuqiniswa komlomo: Ukudumba kwexesha elide kunokubangela amanxeba emqaleni, okwenza kube nzima ukuba ukutya kudlule.
• Umphimbo kaBarrett: Kule meko, iiseli ezikwinxalenye esezantsi yomphimbo ziyatshintsha zifane neeseli ezisesiswini. Oku kuthathwa njengemeko engaphambi komhlaza eyonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza . Abantu abanale meko basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza womphimbo.
• Umhlaza wesisu: Abantu abane-Barrett's esophagus banokuba nalo mhlaza ngokuhamba kwexesha. Asinguye wonke umntu one-GERD owufumanayo, kwaye awuqhelekanga kangako , kodwa kukho umngcipheko.
• Iingxaki zenkqubo yokuphefumla: Ukuba ii-asidi eziphumayo zingena kwindlela yokuphefumla, iimeko ezinje ngokukhohlela rhoqo, ukuphefumla okuncinci, kunye ne-pneumonia zinokwenzeka.

Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngaphandle kokuzityeshela iimpawu ze-GERD.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-GERD yimeko ecaphukisayo kancinci, kwaye inokuba yingozi ukuba ayinyangwa. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba inokulawulwa kakhulu .

Khumbula:

* Ukuba uneempawu ezixhaphakileyo ezifana neentlungu zesifuba okanye umphimbo obuhlungu, musa ukuzityeshela. Bona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

* Utshintsho olulula kwindlela ophila ngayo (ukulawula ukutya, ukunciphisa umzimba, ukutshintsha indlela olala ngayo) lunokubonelela ngesiqabu esikhulu.

* Sebenzisa amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elimiselweyo. Musa ukuyeka okanye ukuqala amayeza ngokwakho.

* Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka.

* Ukuba abantwana abancinci baneempawu ze-GERD, bonana nogqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuphila ne-GERD kunokuba nzima, kodwa ngolawulo olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobukhululekileyo. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenkxalabo zakho neengxaki zakho. Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle! I-GERD, Isifo se-Gastroesophageal Reflux, iHeartburn, i-Acid Reflux, iSinhala Medical Article