Yintoni i-hydrocephalus? Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha!

"Hydrocephalus"... Kunzima nokulibiza eli gama, akunjalo? Mhlawumbi awukaze uve ngeli gama. Kodwa ukuba uthi "amanzi agcwalisa intloko" okanye "amanzi ebuchotsheni", usenokuba uqhelene nalo kancinci. Le yimeko yezonyango esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngesiSinhala onokuyiqonda.

Ithetha ukuthini kanye kanye le nto yokuzalisa intloko ngamanzi?

Ngamafutshane, ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo (intambo yemithambo-luvo ehamba emqolo) zikhuselwe lulwelo olukhethekileyo. Lufana nomatrasi omncinci phezulu. Olu lwelo luveliswa ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu. Kwizonyango, silubiza ngokuba lulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal . Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha balubiza ngokuba yi-"Cerebrospinal Fluid" okanye "CSF".

Cinga nje ngolu lwelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-``(CSF)`` lufana nenkqubo yokuhambisa amanzi endlwini yethu. Luqala kwindawo enye, luhamba ngeendlela ezithile, luze ekugqibeleni lungene egazini lethu. Oku kuqhele ukwenzeka. Lufana nomjikelo, into eyenzeka rhoqo. Olu lwelo londla ingqondo yethu, lususa inkunkuma engeyomfuneko, kwaye lukhusela ingqondo kwimingxunya emincinci kunye nemivumbo.

Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ngesizathu esithile indlela olu lwelo luhamba ngayo ivaliwe, okanye ukuba uninzi lolu lwelo luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo, okanye ukuba ulwelo oluqokelelana alungeniswanga kakuhle egazini? Kulapho ke ingxaki iqala khona. Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi uvalekile kwaye uphuphuma, olu lwelo luqala ukuqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Le yindlela olu lwelo `(CSF)` oluqokelelana ngayo kwimingxuma engaphakathi kwengqondo (esikwabiza ngokuba yi`(Ventricles)`) kwaye uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentloko luyanda, nto leyo esiyibiza ngokuba yi`(Hydrocephalus)` okanye ``amanzi entloko.''

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zingaba yintoni izizathu?

Asikuko kuphela okubangela `(iHydrocephalus)`. Zininzi izizathu. Kwabanye abantu, oku kunokuba yinto ezalwa ine . Oko kukuthi, kunokubangelwa yingxaki ethile ekukhuleni kwengqondo ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Umzekelo, le meko inokubonwa ngezinye iziphene zokuzalwa kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Kwakhona, oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezenzeka kamva ebomini . Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• Usulelo lobuchopho okanye umqolo: Umzekelo, usulelo olufana ne-meningitis lunokuvala iindlela ezihamba ngazo ulwelo lomgogodla (CSF).
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo: Ingakumbi kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha (sibabiza ngokuba "ziintsana ezisandula ukuzalwa"), ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunokwenzeka. Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba iyenzeka. Kwakhona, ukopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala okukhulu entloko.
• Iintsholongwane zobuchopho: Ukuba ithumba likhula ngaphakathi kwengqondo, linokuvala indlela ehamba ngayo i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
• Ukulimala entloko: Ukuba intloko yonakele kwingozi enkulu, olu tshintsho lolwelo lunokuphazamiseka.
• Ezinye iimeko zemfuza:Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba i-hydrocephalus ivele ngenxa yezizathu ezithile zemfuza.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa nokunyanga le meko ngokukhawuleza, nokuba yintoni na imbangela.

Siyibona njani le nto? Zithini iimpawu zayo?

Iimpawu ze-hydrocephalus zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Kwakhona, ezi mpawu ziyatshintsha ngokuhamba kweminyaka.

Kwiintsana ezincinci (iinyanga ezi-0 - malunga neminyaka emi-2)

Ukuba umntwana omncinci ufumana le meko, akanakuthi “unentloko ebuhlungu” njengathi. Ngoko ke iimpawu zakhe zahlukile kancinci.

• Intloko iyakhula: Ukuba intloko yomntwana ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kufanele, olo luphawu olukhulu. Ekliniki, oogqirha balinganisa umjikelo wentloko yomntwana ngeteyipu yokulinganisa ukujonga oku.
• Ijwabu libonakala lidumbile: Indawo ethambileyo ephezu kwentloko yomntwana, ngaphezulu nje kwebunzi (oko sikubiza ngokuba yijwabu), isenokubonakala idumbile kwaye iqinile.
• Imithambo ibonakala ngokucacileyo entlokweni: Imithambo ibonakala ivuvukele phantsi kolusu lwentloko.
• Amehlo abonakala ngathi ajonge ezantsi: Ngokungathi ilanga liyatshona, izangqa ezimnyama phantsi kwamehlo zinokubonakala ngathi zitshonile. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "luphawu lokutshona kwelanga".
• Ukuhlanza rhoqo.
• Andithandi ukusela ubisi kwaye ndiyancipha umzimba.
• Ndisoloko ndilila kwaye ndiziphatha njengomntu onomsindo.
• Babonakala belele kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuvuka.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ukuxhuzula kunokubakho.

Kubantwana abadala kunye nabantu abancinci

Ukuba le meko iyenzeka kubantwana abadala nakubantu abancinci, iimpawu zingaba zezi zilandelayo:

• Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo: Le ntloko inokuba mandundu xa uvuka kusasa.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Oku kunokubonwa ngakumbi kusasa.
• Iingxaki zokubona: Ukubona okufipheleyo emehlweni omabini, ukubona kabini, njl.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Ukulala kakhulu, ubuvila.
• Utshintsho kwindlela oziphatha ngayo: Usenokuba nomsindo ngakumbi, uphazamiseke, okanye ulahlekelwe yinkumbulo kunye nokukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Ulawulo oluphantsi lokuya kwindlu yangasese.
• Izinto ezifana nokubhala ngesandla ziyaphazamiseka.

Kwabantu abadala

Ukuba umntu omdala ufumana ``(iHydrocephalus)'' iimpawu zinokwahluka kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi zifana neempawu zezifo eziqhelekileyo ezenzeka xa umntu ekhula, ngoko ke kusenokuba kudala ukuzibona.

• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Kuvakala ngathi iinyawo zakho zinamathele emhlabeni, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukunyathela.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nokungacingi kakuhle: Kufana neempawu ze-dementia.
• Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo.

Indibaniselwano yezi mpawu zintathu ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus - NPH".

Kubalulekile:Musa ukoyika ukucinga ukuba une-hydrocephalus kuba nje unenye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu ezingaphezulu kwenye, ingakumbi ukuba uqaphela into efana nentloko yomntwana omncinci ikhula, kungcono ufune ingcebiso kagqirha.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nibonakalisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu, into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyenza kukuxilonga kakuhle. Baza kumamela oko ukuthethayo baze benze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ukuba lusana oluncinci, baza kulinganisa ubukhulu bentloko baze bahlole ubuchopho.

Emva koko, kusenokufuneka kwenziwe uvavanyo oluthile ukuqinisekisa le meko "yeHydrocephalus" nokufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela oko.

• I-Ultrasound Scan: Olu luvavanyo lokuqala olwenziwa kumntwana. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngekhaka lomntwana ukuze kubonwe ubungakanani bemingxuma egcwele ulwelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu nolulula.
• I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography Scan): Oku kungathatha imifanekiso yobuchopho. Kungabona ngokucacileyo ukuba ingakanani i-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) eqokeleleneyo kunye nokuba imingxunya ebuchotsheni ikhule kangakanani.
• I-MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo olufumanekayo. I-MRI inokuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezininzi yengqondo kunye neendlela ezihamba ngazo ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF). Inokunceda ekufumaneni unobangela.

Ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenwe kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-hydrocephalus, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, yintoni omawuyenze ngayo.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Kukho unyango lwesifo esithi ``Hydrocephalus''. Injongo ephambili kukususa ulwelo olungaphezulu lwe ``CSF'' oluqokelelene engqondweni kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko.

Unyango oluphambili loku ludla ngokubekwa kwe-shunt.

"Yintoni i-shunt?" usenokuba uzibuza. Ngamafutshane, yityhubhu encinci. Le ``(Shunt)`` ifakwa ngotyando kwindawo egcwele ulwelo engqondweni ize ibekwe kwenye indawo yomzimba (ngokuqhelekileyo indawo yesisu). Ulwelo olongezelelweyo oluqokelelana engqondweni luhamba ngale tyhubhu luye kwindawo yesisu, apho lufunxwa khona emzimbeni. Oku kunceda ukulawula uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwengqondo.

Le shunt inevalvu encinci kwicala elinye. Elawula ukuba kuphuma ulwelo olungakanani.

Olunye ukhetho lonyango yi -endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) . Oku kuquka ukufaka ikhamera encinci (i-endoscope) engqondweni nokudala indlela entsha yokuba ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) ludlule kuyo. Kufana nokudala i-bypass entsha ejikeleze umthambo ovalekileyo. Asinguye wonke umntu onokuba ne-ETV. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukufaneleyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unobangela we-"Hydrocephalus" ufana nomhlaza wobuchopho, imeko inokunyangeka xa ithumba lisusiwe.

Khumbula, ungoyiki xa usiva ngezi ntlobo zotyando. Ezi zihambele phambili kakhulu ngoku. Oogqirha baza kukuchazela kakuhle.

Ukuphila neHydrocephalus

I-Hydrocephalus yimeko enokuba yingxaki yobomi bonke ngamanye amaxesha. Ingakumbi emva kokuba i-shunt yenziwe, kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba isebenza kakuhle.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-shunt ingavaleka, iqhekeke, okanye yosuleleke. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iimpawu obunazo ngaphambili (intloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, ukozela) zinokubuya. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Umntwana one-hydrocephalus udinga ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo ekuphuhlisweni nasekufundeni kwakhe. Ngamanye amaxesha banokufuna iimfuno zemfundo ezikhethekileyo, i-physiotherapy, kunye nonyango lomsebenzi.

Ukuphila nale meko kunokuba nzima, kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, inkxaso yosapho, kunye nesimo sengqondo esihle, abantu abaninzi banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Hydrocephalus yimeko apho ulwelo olumanzi (ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal - CSF) luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo, nto leyo enyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko.
• Zininzi izizathu zoku. Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu zokuzalwa kunye nosulelo oluye lwavela kamva, ukwenzakala, iithumba, njl.njl.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka. Kubantwana abancinci, iimpawu eziphambili kukukhula kwentloko kunye nokudumba kwengqondo. Kubantwana abadala, iimpawu zinokubandakanya intloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, iingxaki zokubona, kunye nobunzima bokuhamba.
• Ukuba ubona ezi mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Oku kunokuqinisekiswa ngovavanyo lokuskena.
• Utyando lwe-shunt ludla ngokwenziwa njengonyango.
• Xa uphila ne-hydrocephalus, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo uze ulandele imiyalelo yakhe.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Uza kukuchazela yonke into.

i- hydrocephalus, amanzi engqondweni, ulwelo lomgogodla, i-CSF, i-shunt, ukwandiswa kobuchopho, utyando lobuchopho