Ngaba nawe uyafuna ukwazi ngeMultiple Sclerosis? Yiza, masithethe!

Molo! Usenokuba ukhe weva ngegama elithi Multiple Sclerosis, okanye mhlawumbi umntu omaziyo unale meko. Okanye mhlawumbi unomdla wokwazi okungakumbi ngayo. Usenokuba unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho, efana nokuba ibizwa ngokuba yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, zithini iimpawu, kwaye ngaba kukho unyango? Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo yonke le nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye iMultiple Sclerosis?

Ngamafutshane, iMultiple Sclerosis yimeko echaphazela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo ephakathi , eyingqondo kunye nomqolo. Cinga ngayo njengemithambo-luvo ehamba njengeentambo zombane emizimbeni yethu yonke. Le mithambo-luvo ithwala imiyalezo esuka engqondweni iye kumalungu ethu, emehlweni, nakwimizimba yethu yonke, kwaye ikwathwala neemvakalelo (ezifana nobushushu, umkhuhlane, iintlungu) zibuyele engqondweni.

Ezi ntambo zemithambo-luvo, ezifana neplastiki egquma ucingo lombane, kukho isigqubuthelo esikhuselayo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-myelin sheath . Esi sixhobo se-myelin sheath sivumela imiyalezo yemithambo-luvo ukuba ihambe ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.

Kodwa, kumntu one-multiple sclerosis (MS), kwenzeka into eyahlukileyo kancinci. Inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wabo, inkqubo yokuzikhusela , ngempazamo iqala ukuhlasela loo sheath ye-myelin. Kufana namajoni abo atshabalalisa into ebalulekileyo kubo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yimeko yokuzikhusela komzimba .

Xa i-myelin sheath yonakele, ukudluliselwa kwemiyalezo yemithambo-luvo kuyaguquguquka kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha imiyalezo ihamba kakuhle kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ayihambi kakuhle, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ivalekile ngokupheleleyo. Cinga ngayo njengokufakwa kwe-insulation kwintambo yombane ekrwelwa kwiindawo ezithile, kwaye umbane uyeke ukuhamba.

Igama elithi "sclerosis" lithetha "isilonda." Oku kungenxa yokuba amanxeba amancinci akhiwa apho i-myelin sheath yonakele khona. Igama elithi "Multiple" lithetha "ezininzi." Oku kuthetha ukuba lo monakalo unokwenzeka kwiindawo ezingaphezu kwesinye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo.

Kutheni i-multiple sclerosis (MS) ikhula? Zithini izizathu?

Enyanisweni, imbangela echanekileyo ye-MS ayikaziwa , kodwa oogqirha kunye nososayensi bakholelwa ukuba isenokuba yindibaniselwano yezinto.

• Utyekelo lwemfuza: Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho utyekelo lwemfuza. Nangona kunjalo, esi asisosifo esidluliselwa ngqo kumzali ukuya emntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu kusapho une-MS, amathuba okuba abanye babe nayo aphezulu kancinci. Kodwa lipesenti elincinci kakhulu.
• Izinto ezichaphazela imeko-bume: Ezinye izinto ezichaphazela imeko-bume esihlala kuyo zinokusichaphazela.
• Usulelo lwentsholongwane: Ezinye iintlobo zeentsholongwane, umzekelo i-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)Kufunyaniswe ukuba zonyusa umngcipheko we-MS.
• Ukunqongophala kweVithamin D: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantu abaswele iVithamin D, esiyifumana elangeni, banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-MS.
• Ukutshaya: Abantu abatshayayo basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-MS, kwaye ukutshaya kunokwenza esi sifo sibe sibi ngakumbi.
• Indawo ekuyo: Amanye amazwe, ingakumbi lawo akude ne-ikhweyitha, anezinga eliphezulu le-MS.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kulapho inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela khona iiseli zayo. Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-MS ayisosifo esosulelayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinakusasazwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokuthimla okanye ukuxhawula izandla.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesi sifo?

Iimpawu ze-MS ziyahluka kumntu nomntu . Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu abanye abasenokungabi nazo. Kwakhona, iimpawu zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zisenokungabi nzima kangako, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba nzima ngakumbi. Sizibiza ezi zihlandlo zokuxakeka (ukubuyela umva) kunye nokuxolelwa (ukuxolelwa) .

Nazi ezinye zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo:

• Iingxaki zokubona:
• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Ukuqala ukubona kwicala ezimbini (i-diplopia).
• Intlungu xa ujika amehlo aye kwelinye icala, ngamanye amaxesha ukulahleka kombono okwexeshana kwelinye iliso (okubizwa ngokuba yi-optic neuritis ).
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha:
• Uziva ngathi amalungu akho omzimba ayaphelelwa ngamandla, kunzima ukuhamba.
• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi nokuwa.
• Ukuqina kwemisipha kwimilenze, ubunzima bokugoba nokolula ( ukuxinezeleka ).
• Ukungaziva mnandi okanye ukurhawuzelela:
• Ukungaziva mnandi, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye iimvakalelo ezifana nezothuso ezandleni, ezinyaweni, ebusweni, okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Ukudinwa/ukudinwa kakhulu:
• Le yinto enokubachaphazela ngokwenene abantu abane-MS. Ayikokudinwa nje okuqhelekileyo, yimvakalelo yokudinwa okugqithisileyo okungapheliyo nokuba ulala okanye uphumle kangakanani. Khawucinge nje, abanye abantu banokuvuka kusasa beziva ngathi bebesebenza imini yonke.
• Iingxaki zesinyi kunye namathumbu:
• Ukuchama rhoqo, ukungxamiseka komchamo, kunye nobunzima bokulawula umchamo.
• Ukuqhinwa.
• Isiyezi kunye ne-vertigo:
• Ndiziva ndinesizungu nje kwaye kunzima ukuma.
• Intlungu:
• Intlungu ye-neuropathic kunye nentlungu yemisipha zinokwenzeka.
• Utshintsho lwengqondo:
• Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto.
• Ubunzima bokugxila.
• Kuthatha ixesha ukwenza izigqibo kunye nokucwangcisa.
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo:
• Ukuziva ulusizi ngaphandle kwesizathu kukudakumba .
• Uloyiko oluhlala luhleli, ixhala , kunye nexhala .
• Ukutshintsha ingqondo ngokukhawuleza.
• Iingxaki zokuthetha:
• Intetho engacacanga ( dysarthria) inokwenzeka, njengoko amagama eba ngacacanga.
• Ubunzima bokuginya:
• Abanye abantu banokuziva bekrwitshwa xa beginya ukutya nokusela ( dysphagia ).

Musa ukucinga ukuba une-MS kuba nje unenye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu. Ezi zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko zempilo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

Ngubani onokuthi abe nethuba elikhulu lokufumana isifo se-MS?

Nangona i-MS inokukhula nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ixhaphake kakhulu kwi:

• Phakathi kwabo baphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala .
• Abafazi banamathuba amabini ukuya kwamathathu okufumana i-MS kunamadoda.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho one-MS (njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku akuyonto yemfuza ngokuthe ngqo, kodwa kukho umngcipheko omncinci).
• I-MS ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwamanye amaqela eentlanga, umzekelo, lawo avela kuMantla Yurophu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho nabaguli be-MS eSri Lanka.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-MS? (Ukuxilongwa)

Akukho vavanyo lunye lokuxilonga i-MS. Oogqirha basebenzisa indibaniselwano yeempawu, imbali yezonyango, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuze bafikelele kwisifo.

• Imbali yezonyango kunye novavanyo lwemithambo-luvo: Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho, kwaye uza kujonga nokubona kwakho, amandla, ukulinganisela, kunye nokusabela komzimba.
• Iskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni i-MS. Lunokubona ngokucacileyo ukuba i-myelin sheath ebuchotsheni nakwi-spinal cord yonakele kwaye izilonda zenziwe.
• Izifundo ezinokubakho ezivuselelweyo: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa isantya apho inkqubo yemithambo-luvo isabela khona kwisikhuthazo esifakwa emehlweni, ezindlebeni, okanye kulusu. Le mpendulo inokulibaziseka ngenxa yomonakalo kwi-myelin.
• Ukubhobozwa kweLumbar / I-Spinal tap: Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa inaliti encinci kakhulu kwi-spinal cord kwaye kususwe inani elincinci le-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Utshintsho oluthile kolu lwelo lunokubonwa kubantu abane-MS.
• Ukungabandakanywa kwezinye izifo: Uvavanyo lwenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ezinye iimeko ezibangela iimpawu ezifana ne-MS (umz., usulelo oluthile, ukungabikho kweevithamini, ezinye izifo zemithambo-luvo).

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Okokuqala, akukho nyango lwe-MS okwangoku . Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo olunokunceda ukulawula esi sifo, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Unyango lunokwahlulwa lube ziinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi:

1. IiNyango eziguqula izifo (ii-DMT):

• La mayeza asebenza ngokunciphisa ukuhlaselwa kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwi-myelin sheath.
• Oku kunokunciphisa inani lokuphinda ubuye, kunciphise ubukhali bako, kwaye kulibazise ukukhubazeka kwexesha elide okubangelwa sisifo.
• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-DMTs (umz., iinaliti, iipilisi, ngemithambo yegazi). Ingcali yezifo zengqondo iya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi i-DMT efanelekileyo kuwe.

2. Unyango lokubuyela umva:

• Ukuba iimpawu ziqala ukuba mandundu (ziphinde zibuyele umva), amayeza anjenge -corticosteroids anokunikwa ixesha elifutshane. La mayeza anokunciphisa ngokukhawuleza ukudumba kunye nokuvuvukala kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo kwaye ancede ekunciphiseni iimpawu.

3. Unyango lokulawula iimpawu (Ulawulo lweempawu):

• Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lweempawu ezahlukeneyo ezibangelwa yi-MS.
• Unyango lweFiziyoloji: Lunceda kwizinto ezifana nobunzima bokuhamba, ukuqina kwemisipha, kunye nokulinganisela.
• Unyango lomsebenzi: Lunceda ngemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, imisebenzi yasekhaya, kunye nezixhobo kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo emsebenzini.
• Amayeza eempawu ezithile: Kukho amayeza ahlukeneyo ezinto ezinje ngokudinwa kakhulu, iintlungu, iingxaki zesinyi, kunye nokuqina kwemisipha (ukuqaqamba).
• Inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: Ukunika iingcebiso, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza kubalulekile ekulawuleni uxinzelelo, ukudakumba, kunye nokuxhalaba okunokwenzeka xa uphila ne-MS.
• Unyango lokuthetha nokuginya: Ukuba unengxaki yokuthetha okanye yokuginya, ungafuna uncedo lweengcali.

4. Uhlengahlengiso lwendlela yokuphila:

• Ukutya okunempilo: Kubalulekile ukutya ukutya okunesondlo.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Ukwenza imithambo efanelekileyo kunokuphucula amandla, ukuguquguquka, kunye nempilo-ntle iyonke.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uyeke.
• Ukuphumla nokulala ngokwaneleyo: Oku kunceda ukulawula ukudinwa okugqithisileyo.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Izinto ezifana neyoga kunye nokucamngca zinokunceda.

Malunga nokuhlala ne-MS

I-MS yimeko enzima, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ubomi buphelile.Ngonyango olufanelekileyo nenkxaso, abantu abaninzi abane-MS baphila ubomi obonwabisayo nobunempumelelo.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Yakha uthungelwano oluqinileyo lwenkxaso yabanye abantu abane-MS, usapho, abahlobo kunye noogqirha.

Uhlobo lwe-MS kukuba ezinye iintsuku zilungile, ezinye iintsuku zinzima kancinci. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukumamela umzimba wakho, ukuqonda imida yakho, kunye nokucela uncedo xa ulufuna. Ukuba nolwazi olupheleleyo ngemeko yakho, ukulandela icebiso likagqirha wakho, kunye nokuba nesimo sengqondo esihle kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngeMultiple Sclerosis namhlanje. Ndiyathemba ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle le nto.

• I-MS yimeko enzima yenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela echaphazela ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntu nomntu kwaye zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lokulawula esi sifo nokunciphisa iimpawu.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo nokuqala unyango kwangethuba.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneempawu ze-MS, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukubonelela ngenkxaso nokuqonda abo baphila ne-MS kubaluleke kakhulu.

Uphando nge-MS luyaqhubeka. Kusenokubakho unyango olungcono kwixesha elizayo. Ngoko ke, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unethemba kwaye unesibindi. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha.

` I-Multiple Sclerosis, i-Multiple Sclerosis, i-MS, Isifo se-Neurological, i-Myelin, Isifo se-Autoimmune, Iimpawu ze-MS, Unyango lwe-MS