Yintoni i-allergy?

Sonke silivile igama elithi i-allergy, akunjalo? Kodwa usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-allergy kwaye kutheni isenzeka.

Ngamafutshane, i-allergy kuxa inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela , isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwinto engasilimaziyo. Cinga ngayo njengabalindi emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wabo kukusikhusela kwiintshaba ezifana neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo. Kodwa okwenzekayo kwi-allergy kukuba aba balindi baba novalo oluncinci baze baqale ukuhlasela into engeyontshaba ngokwenene. Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba isabela ngokugqithisileyo kwaye sifumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo xa sine-allergy.

Yintoni ebangela i-allergies? Ezi sizibiza ngokuba zi-allergens.

Ezi zinto sizibiza ngokuba zizinto ezibangela i-allergies . Zininzi izinto ezibangela i-allergies ezisingqongileyo. Nangona abanye abantu besenokungazikhathazi ngazo, kumntu one-allergies, zinokuba yingxaki enkulu.

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto zixhaphakileyo ze-allergens:

• Izinto ezingena xa uphefumla:
• I-Pollen : Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha xa iintyatyambo zidubula, izinto ezincinci ezinjengomgubo ziyakhutshwa emoyeni zisuka emithini. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-pollen. Abantu abaninzi bane-aleji kule pollen.
• Iincukuthu zothuli: Ezi zizidalwa ezincinci kakhulu ukuba zingabonwa. Zihlala eluthulini lwamakhaya ethu, kwiibhedi, kwimiqamelo, nakwiimatrasi.
• Izilwanyana zasekhaya ezifuywayo: Abanye abantu bane-aleji kwezi zinto zivela kwizilwanyana ezifana neekati nezinja .
• Umngundo: Umngundo owenzeka eludongeni kwiindawo ezimanzi nawo unokubangela ukuba kubekho ukunganyamezelani.
• Ukutya neziselo:
• Ezinye izinto zokutya zinokubangela i-allergies. Umzekelo, ubisi, amaqanda , amantongomane afana namandongomane, ii-cashews, i-soy, ingqolowa, intlanzi, ii-shrimp, kunye ne-squid zezona zinto ziphambili. Nangona kunjalo, i-allergies inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na enye into ngaphandle kwezi.
• Ukulunywa zizinambuzane:
• Abanye abantu baphinda babe nee-aleji ezinzima kwityhefu evela kwizilwanyana, njengeenyosi kunye neenyosi.
• Iintlobo zamayeza:
• Amanye amayeza, anje ngee -antibiotics ezifana ne -penicillin, anokubangela i-allergies.
• Izinto ezichukumisekileyo:
• Ezinye iikhemikhali , ezifana ne-latex (ezifumaneka kwizinto ezifana neeglavu), kunye neentsimbi ezifana ne-nickel (ezifumaneka kwizinto zobucwebe), nazo zinokubangela i-allergies xa zidibana nolusu.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni xa une-allergy?

Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba kwenzeka njani oku xa i-allergen ingena emzimbeni.

Nantsi into eyenzekayo: Xa i-allergen (umz. i-pollen) ingena emzimbeni womntu one-allergies, inkqubo yethu yomzimba icinga ukuba lutshaba olukhulu. Emva koko yenza uhlobo oluthile lwe-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-IgE nxamnye nolu 'tshaba'. La ma-antibodies e-IgE ayahamba aze anamathele kuhlobo lweseli emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuba zii-mast cells .

Ngexesha elizayo xa i-allergen efanayo idibana nomzimba, ibopha kwii-antibodies ze-IgE kwiiseli ze-mast. Iiseli ze-mast emva koko 'ziyaqhuma' zize zikhuphe iikhemikhali ezininzi ezifana ne-histamine . I-histamine ibangela iimpawu ezininzi ze-allergy, ezinje ngokurhawuzelela, ukuba bomvu , impumlo egobhozayo, kunye namehlo anamanzi.

Ngamafutshane: i-allergen -> ii-antibodies ze-IgE -> iiseli ze-mast -> i-histamine -> iimpawu ze-allergy

Zithini iimpawu ze-allergy? Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi

Iimpawu ze-allergy zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni yintoni i-allergen kunye nendlela engene ngayo emzimbeni. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo:

• Iimpawu zokuphefumla:
• Ukuthimla rhoqo.
• Impumlo egobhozayo (nangona ingenamkhuhlane).
• Ukuxinana kweempumlo.
• Ukukhwehlela, ukuqina kwesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla (ezi ziimpawu zesifuba)(Inganxulunyaniswa nemeko).
• Umphimbo orhawuzelelayo, ilizwi liyatshintsha.
• Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuba yiHay Fever okanye iAllergic Rhinitis .

• Iimpawu zolusu:
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo.
• Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokubomvu kwesikhumba ( i-Urticaria okanye i-Hives ).
• Ulusu olomileyo, oluxobukayo, nolunamadyungudyungu (oku kunokubakho nakwiimeko ezifana ne -eczema ).

• Iimpawu Zamehlo:
• Ububomvu bamehlo.
• Amehlo arhawuzelelayo.
• Iinyembezi ziphuma emehlweni.
• Ukudumba, ukuba mnyama phantsi kwamehlo.

• Iimpawu zesisu – (ingakumbi kwi-allergies yokutya):
• Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza.
• Intlungu yesisu, ukudumba.
• Ukudumba (urhudo).
• Ukudumba, ukurhawuzelelwa ngumlomo, imilebe, ulwimi okanye umqala.

• Ezinye iimpawu:
• Iindlebe ezirhawuzelelayo, ukuziva uxinzelelo ngaphakathi ezindlebeni.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Ukudinwa, ukudinwa.

Eyona ngxaki iyingozi yokunganyamezelani komzimba: I-Anaphylaxis

Ngamanye amaxesha i-allergy inokuba yingozi kakhulu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi. Okwenzekayo kukuba wonke umzimba usabela ngaxeshanye.

Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zezi:

• Ukudumba ngequbuliso kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi, nomqala.
• Ukuphefumla nzima, ukuxinana kwesifuba.
• Ukutyhafa/ukuba nesiyezi, uzive ngathi uza kulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Ulusu olubandayo, ukubila.
• Isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, iintlungu esiswini.

I-Anaphylaxis yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Oogqirha bacebisa abantu abane-allergies ezinzima ukuba bagcine i-adrenaline injection (efana ne-EpiPen) ikufutshane nokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezinjalo.

Ugqirha angafumanisa njani ukuba une-allergy?

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-allergy, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho, njengokuthi zenzeka nini, wenza ntoni, kwaye nokuba ziya zisiba mandundu na. Baza kukubuza nokuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo i-allergy, njengoko i-allergy ngamanye amaxesha inokubakho kwiintsapho.

Emva koko, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo oluthile ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba yintoni kanye kanye i-allergy:

• Uvavanyo lokuhlaba ulusu: Oku kuquka ukufaka isixa esincinci kakhulu se-allergen eluswini lwakho (ngesiqhelo ingalo okanye umqolo wakho) uze usihlabe ngenaliti encinci. Ukuba nayiphi na kwezi ndawo iba bomvu, idumbe, okanye irhawuzelele kwimizuzu eli-15-20, unokuba ne-allergen kuloo allergen. Olu luvavanyo olukhawulezayo nolulula.
• Uvavanyo lweGazi: Ngamanye amaxesha, kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuvavanywa kwesikhumba (umz., abo baneengxaki zesikhumba ezinzima okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza athile), kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi. Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuba igazi lakho linayo na i-IgE antibodies ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ngokuchasene nezinto ezithile ezibangela i-allergen. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-RAST (uvavanyo lwe-Radioallergosorbent), okanye uvavanyo lwe-Specific IgE .

Ngokudibanisa iziphumo zezi mvavanyo kunye neempawu zakho, ugqirha angakuxelela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unayo na i-allergy, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, yintoni na.

Singenza ntoni xa sine-allergies? Singayilawula njani le nto?

Musa ukoyika ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-allergy. Nangona kunzima ukunyanga ngokupheleleyo i-allergy, zininzi iindlela zokunciphisa ukungonwabi ezikubangelayo kwaye uphile ubomi obungcono.

1. Ukuphepha i-allergen:

Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba uyazi kakuhle into onayo malunga ne-aleji, unyango olungcono kukuyiphepha kangangoko unako.

• Ukuba une-allergy kuthuli, gcina ikhaya lakho licocekile kwaye uhlambe iibhedi zakho rhoqo ngamanzi ashushu.
• Ukuba une-allergy kwi-pollen, nxiba imaski xa ungaphandle xa inani le-pollen liphezulu, kwaye uhlambe xa ufika ekhaya.
• Ukuba une-aleji yokutya, kuphephe ukutya nantoni na equlethe loo nto yokutya. Funda iileyibhile zezithako ngononophelo xa uthenga ukutya evenkileni.

2. Amayeza:

Oogqirha banika amayeza ahlukeneyo ukulawula iimpawu zokunganyamezelani komzimba.

• Ii-Antihistamines: La ngamayeza aqhelekileyo anikwayo kubantu abane-allergies. Anciphisa ukurhawuzelela, impumlo egobhozayo, nokuthimla okubangelwa yi-histamine. Afika ngohlobo lweepilisi, iisiraphu, izitshizi zeempumlo, kunye namaconsi amehlo.
• IiCorticosteroids:La ngamayeza anamandla anciphisa ukudumba. Afika ngohlobo lwe-spray yempumlo, i-inhalers (yabo bane-asthma), iikhrimu zasekhaya, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha iipilisi zexesha elifutshane. Ezi kufuneka zisetyenziswe kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
• Amayeza okususa ukuxinana kwempumlo: Amayeza anceda ukuxinana kwempumlo. Nangona kunjalo, akukhuthazwa ukuba uwasebenzise rhoqo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
• Ii-Leukotriene modifiers: Olunye uhlobo lwamayeza asetyenziselwa i-asthma kunye ne-hay fever.

3. Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy:

Olu lunyango oluhlala ixesha elide. Oku kuquka ukuqala ngesixa esincinci kakhulu se-allergen onayo kwaye unyuse kancinci kancinci inani, nokuba ngokuyijova emzimbeni wakho ( ii-allergy shots ) okanye ngokuyinika njengeepilisi phantsi kolwimi lwakho ( sublingual immunotherapy - SLIT ). Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umzimba wakho uyaqhelana ne-allergen kwaye awusabeli kangako. Oku akusebenzi kuwo wonke umntu, kodwa kuphumelela kakhulu kwabanye. Oku kufanele kwenziwe phantsi kweliso lengcali.

4. Unyango oluNgxamisekileyo:

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, xa kukho impendulo enzima ye-anaphylactic, inaliti ye-adrenaline (njenge-EpiPen) isindisa ubomi. Kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abane-allergies ezinzima ukuba bayigcine le nto kwaye bazi indlela yokuyisebenzisa.

Ndifanele ndidibane nogqirha nini? Ngubani ingcali ye-allergies?

Kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi:

• Ukuba uneempawu ze-allergy ezihlala ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
• Ukuba ufuna ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ukuba ungabi na-aleji.
• Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neze-asthma (ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba).
• Ukuba uneempendulo eziqatha ekutyeni.
• Ukuba ulunywe sisinambuzane kwaye usabela kakhulu.

Ugqirha oqhelekileyo unokunyanga iimeko ezisisiseko zokunganyamezelani. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba i-allergy inzima ngakumbi, kunzima ukuyixilonga, okanye inzima, ungathunyelwa kwingcali ye-immunology . Aba gqirha baqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukuxilonga nokunyanga i-allergies. Banokwenza izinto ezifana novavanyo lolusu kunye ne-immunotherapy.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu nge-allergies ngoku, akunjalo? Okokugqibela, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ii-allergy aziyonto yokoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uziqaphele. I-allergy yindlela nje yokusabela ngokugqithisileyo kwenkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwinto engenabungozi.
• Inyathelo lokuqala kukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ekwenza ungabi namdla.
• Ukuphepha izinto ezibangela i-allergen yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela. Ziphephe izinto ezingalunganga kuwe nanini na xa kunokwenzeka.
• Kukho amayeza alungileyo okulawula iimpawu. Wasebenzise njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
• Lumka xa kukho impendulo ebuhlungu ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Yimeko engxamisekileyo. Kwimeko enjalo, yiya esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba une-allergy enzima, gcina inaliti ye-adrenaline kufutshane.
• Kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obonwabisayo kunye ne-allergies. Kufuneka nje ulawule imeko ngendlela efanelekileyo.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, thetha nogqirha. Bakhona ukukunceda.