Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci unazo ezi ngxaki? Masithethe ngeCerebral Palsy

Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bethu abancinci banengxaki yokuhamba, ukuthetha, okanye nokutya kakuhle, akunjalo? Usenokuba ubabonile abantwana abanjalo. Esinye sezizathu zesi sifo yiCerebral Palsy , esiyibiza ngokuba yiCP ngamafutshane. Musa ukoyika xa usiva oku, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni iCerebral Palsy? Masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Ngamafutshane, i-cerebral palsy yimeko apho iingqondo zethu zingakwazi ukunxibelelana nezihlunu zethu. Cinga ngeengqondo zethu "njengeziko lolawulo" lemizimba yethu. Ukuba kukho ukuphazamiseka kwindlela eli ziko lolawulo elithumela ngayo imiyalezo kwizihlunu zethu, okanye ukuba kukho naliphi na icandelo lengqondo elonakeleyo, izihlunu aziyi kusebenza kakuhle. Abantwana abanale meko banobunzima bokulawula izihlunu zabo . Oku kuthetha ukuba banokuba nobunzima bokuhambisa amalungu abo, ukuhamba, ukubaleka, okanye ukutsiba ngendlela abangathanda ngayo. Abanye abantwana banokufuna ukusebenzisa isitulo esinamavili okanye iintonga zokuhamba ukuze bahambe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwahluka kakhulu kumntwana ngamnye. Abanye banokuba nempembelelo encinci kakhulu, ngelixa abanye banokuba nempembelelo embi ngakumbi.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-cerebral palsy ayisosifo esiba mandundu imihla ngemihla. Umonakalo engqondweni awubi mandundu. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sincede umntwana aphile nobunzima obuvela kuloo monakalo.

Kutheni kukho i-cerebral palsy? Zithini izizathu?

I-Cerebral Palsy idla ngokubangelwa kukonakala kwengqondo yomntwana ngexesha lokukhula kwakhe . Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezintathu eziphambili: 1. Ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni (Ngaphambi kokuzalwa):

• Ezinye izifo ezifunyanwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa - umzekelo, iRubella , iCytomegalovirus (CMV).
• Usana luchaphazeleka ngumama oneentlobo zegazi ezingahambelaniyo (ukungahambelani kwe-Rh).
• Ezinye zezifo ezingapheliyo zikamama azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo okanye iingxaki ze-chromosome ezichaphazela ukukhula kwengqondo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kweoksijini kwimveku.

2. Ngexesha lokuzalwa (i-Perinatal):

• Ukuzalwa usemncinci kakhulu (ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha). Iintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kweeveki ezingama-32 zisengozini kakhulu.
• Iintsana ezizalwa zinobunzima obuphantsi kakhulu.
• Ukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni ngexesha lokubeleka (ukuphelelwa ngamandla kokuzalwa).
• Ukuzalwa kwabantwana abaninzi - njengamawele.

3. Kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala emva kokuzalwa (Emva kokubeleka):

• Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela ingqondo yomntwana - umzekelo, i-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis.
• Ukwenzakala entloko - njengokuba kwenzeke ngenxa yokuwa okanye ingozi.
• Ulawulo olungafanelekanga lokuxhuzula .
• Ngamanye amaxesha, kuphuma igazi engqondweni.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho kungafumaneki sizathu sithile sokuba abanye abantwana babe ne-cerebral palsy. Kufuneka sikhumbule loo nto.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-cerebral palsy?

Ewe, i-cerebral palsy inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili. Olu hlobo lusekelwe kwindawo apho umonakalo owenzeka khona engqondweni kunye nendlela ochaphazela ngayo izihlunu.

• I-Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Aba bantwana banezihlunu eziqinileyo nezingenakuguquguquka. Kufana nokuba babanjwe yibhanti yerabha. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukushukuma kwaye badinwa ngokukhawuleza.
• Ngamanye amaxesha yimilenze yomibini kuphela enokuchaphazeleka (iSpastic Diplegia).
• Ngamanye amaxesha icala elinye lomzimba (ingalo okanye umlenze) linokuchaphazeleka (iSpastic Hemiplegia).
• Ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela zombini iingalo, imilenze yomibini, kwanobuso (iSpastic Quadriplegia). Le yeyona meko inzima kakhulu.

• I-Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: Aba bantwana banobunzima bokulawula iintshukumo zabo. Imilenze, ubuso, kunye nomzimba wabo zihamba ngokungazikhetheli kwaye ngaphandle kolawulo. Ezi ntshukumo zinokuba kukushukuma kancinci (athetoid), ukuxhuzula ngokukhawuleza (choreoathetoid), okanye zinokubonakala ngethoni yemisipha eqinileyo nehlala ihleli etshintsha ngequbuliso (dystonic).

• I-Ataxic Cerebral Palsy: Olu hlobo luchaphazela kakhulu ulungelelwaniso kunye nokulungelelaniswa. Aba bantwana banengxaki yokuhamba, ukukhubeka, kunye nokungcangcazela. Bayakwazi ukubona umntu ojoliswe kuye xa bezama ukuthabatha into encinci, kodwa banengxaki yokuyibamba ngokuchanekileyo.

• I-Mixed Cerebral Palsy: Abanye abantwana banokuba neempawu ezingaphezu kwenye kwezi ntlobo zingasentla ngaxeshanye. Umzekelo, banokubonisa zombini iimpawu ze-spastic kunye ne-dyskinetic.

Ukwazi olu hlobo lolwahlulo kubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe ukuba loluphi unyango noqeqesho umntwana aludingayo.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomntwana one-Cerebral Palsy ?

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kakhulu kumntwana ngamnye. Kwakhona, ukuba nenye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba umntwana une-CP. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.

• Iingxaki ezinxulumene nemisipha:
• Izihlunu eziqinileyo kakhulu okanye ezikhululekileyo nezityibilikayo .
• Ubunzima bokulawula amalungu omzimba, ukuma okungaqhelekanga.
• Ukungcangcazela okanye iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo.
• Ubunzima bokuhamba: Abanye abantu bahamba ngeenzwane zabo (ukuhamba ngeenzwane), bahamba ngesikere, okanye balahlekelwa yibhalansi yabo xa behamba.
• Ubunzima bokwenza izakhono zomzimba ezithambileyo ezifana nokubamba izinto ezincinci, ukucofa amaqhosha, nokubhala.

• Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso:
• Ukulibazisa ukujika intamo, ukuqengqeleka, ukuhlala phantsi, ukukhasa, ukuma, nokuhamba, njengoko kufanelekile ngokweminyaka.
• Ukulibaziseka ekuqaliseni ukuthetha, okanye intetho engacacanga.

• Ezinye iingxaki:
• Ubunzima bokuginya nokufunxa ukutya (ubunzima bokutyisa).
• Ukuvuza amathe.
• Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa kukuxhuzula.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokubona okanye ukuva.
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo - Oku akubachaphazeli bonke abantwana abane-CP. Abanye abantwana banokuba nengqondo eqhelekileyo okanye engaphezulu.
• Utshintsho lwelizwi.
• Ukukhubazeka kokufunda.
• Iingxaki zamathambo ezifana ne-scoliosis.
• Ukuqhinwa rhoqo.
• Intlungu - ingakumbi ngenxa yokuxinana kwemisipha.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, okanye ukuba kubonakala ngathi akenzi izinto ezifanelekileyo kwiminyaka yakhe, kungcono ukubona ugqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Ifunyaniswa njani le meko? (Ukuxilongwa)

Akukho vavanyo lwegazi oluqhutywa kube kanye ukuze kufunyanwe isifo sobuchopho esibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebral palsy. Oogqirha baxilonga esi simo ngokujonga ukukhula komntwana, ukuziphatha kwakhe, kunye neempawu zakhe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokuyintloko benza oku kulandelayo: 1. Ukubeka esweni ukukhula komntwana: Kujongwa amanyathelo okukhula komntwana. Umzekelo, ubudala umntwana aqala ngabo ukuhlala, ukuncuma, nokukhasa. 2. Ukuhlolwa kokukhula: Uvavanyo olufutshane lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba umntwana unezakhono ezifanelekileyo kwiminyaka yakhe. 3. Uvavanyo lwezonyango nophuhliso: Olu lolona vavanyo lunzulu.

• Imisipha yomntwana, i-reflexes, ukuma kwakhe, kunye neendlela zakhe zokuhamba ziyahlolwa ngononophelo.
• Babuza ngokukhulelwa komama, ukuzala, kunye nempilo yomntwana kwasekuqaleni.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, iskena se-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) okanye i-CT (Computed Tomography) sinokuyalelwa ukujonga nawuphi na umonakalo engqondweni. I-MRI inokuzibona ngokucacileyo izakhiwo ezintle zobuchopho.
• Ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba umntu unesifo sokuwa, uvavanyo lwe-EEG (Electroencephalogram) lunokwenziwa. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
• Ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko zemfuza okanye iingxaki zemetabolism ezirhanelwayo, uvavanyo lunokwenziwa nakwezo.

Olu xilongo ludla ngokwenziwa kunyaka wokuqala okanye emibini yobomi bomntwana. Kwabanye abantwana abaneemeko ezingathambi kangako, uxilongo lunokulibaziseka de kube yiminyaka emi-4-5.

Ingaba ikhona indlela yonyango lwale meko? Singamnceda njani umntwana?

I-Cerebral palsy ayisosifo esinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo. Kuba umonakalo owenzeka engqondweni awunakuguqulwa. Kodwa, ungakhathazeki! Unyango kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zinokuwuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bomntwana, zenze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ibe lula, kwaye zimncede aphile ngokupheleleyo . Akukho nyango lunye loku. Ngenxa yokuba iimfuno zomntwana ngamnye zahlukile, oogqirha kunye neengcali zonyango basebenzisana ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esikhethekileyo kumntwana . Isicwangciso sinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Unyango Lomzimba (PT): Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kunikezelwa umthambo noqeqesho ukuze kuqiniswe izihlunu, kuphuculwe amandla okuhamba, kuphuculwe ulungelelwano, kwaye kuphuculwe uluhlu lokushukuma.
• Unyango Lomsebenzi (OT): Lunceda umntwana ukuba enze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla eyedwa. Umzekelo, ukunxiba, ukutya, ukudlala, nokubhala. Kwakhona, lufundisa umntwana ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezilungelelaniswayo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Unyango Lokuthetha Nolwimi: Lunceda abantwana abanengxaki yokuthetha ukuba bathethe ngokucacileyo baze baveze izimvo zabo. Iingxaki zokuginya nazo ziyanyangwa. Abanye abantwana bafundiswa ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano (izixhobo zonxibelelwano).
• Amayeza:
• Nciphisa ukuqina kwemisipha (izinto eziphumza imisipha).
• Lawula iintshukumo ezingeyomfuneko.
• Lawula imeko yesifo sokuwa.
• Nciphisa iintlungu.
• Utyando: Ngamanye amaxesha, utyando luyadingeka ukuze kulungiswe ukukhubazeka kwamalungu okubangelwa kukuqina kwemisipha okanye ukuphucula ukuhambahamba. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofuna utyando.
• Izixhobo zoNcedo:
• Abahambi ngeenyawo kunye neenduku zokuncedisa ekuhambeni.
• Izihlangu ezikhethekileyo (i-orthotics), ii-braces.
• Izitulo ezinamavili.
• Izixhobo zonxibelelwano.

Ukungenelela kwangoko yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kumntwana one-cerebral palsy. Ukuchonga imeko kwangoko kangangoko kwaye uqalise iinkonzo zonyango ezifunekayo kunokunceda kakhulu ekukhuleni komntwana.

Masithethe ngokuphila neCerebral Palsy.

I-Cerebral Palsy ayichaphazeli umntwana kuphela, kodwa nosapho lonke. Nangona kunjalo, ngenkxaso efanelekileyo, ulwazi, nothando , aba bantwana banokuphila ubomi obonwabisayo, obuphumelelayo, nobuneqhayiya njengaye wonke umntu.

• Jonga izakhono zomntwana: Endaweni yokugxila "kwizinto ezinzima" kumntwana one-CP, khangela "izinto ezinokwenzeka" kuye. Khuthaza ezo zinto.
• Umonde nokuqonda: Aba bantwana banokuthatha ixesha elide ukufunda nokwenza ezinye izinto. Bancedeni ngomonde nothando.
• Khuthaza ukuzimela: Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba enze izinto ngokwakhe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Oku kuya kwandisa ukuzithemba kwakhe.
• Imfundo: Abantwana abane-CP nabo banelungelo lokufumana imfundo. Kukho abantwana abanokuya kwizikolo eziqhelekileyo, kwaye kukho nabantwana abaneemfuno zemfundo ezizodwa. Nceda umntwana wakho akhethe indlela efanelekileyo yokufunda.
• Ukunxibelelana nabantu: Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba adlale nabanye abantwana aze asebenzisane nabantu. Oku kuya kuphucula izakhono zakhe zentlalo.
• Njengomzali, zikhathalele: Ukunyamekela umntwana one-CP kunokuba nzima. Cinga ngempilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba. Funa ingcebiso ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukuthetha nabanye abazali babantwana abane-CP nako kunokuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-Cerebral palsy bubuthathaka ekulawuleni izihlunu obubangelwa kukonakala kwengqondo ngexesha lokukhula.
• Le meko ayibi mbi ngakumbi imihla ngemihla.
• Iimpawu ziyahluka kumntwana ngamnye. Ezinye zinokuba neziphumo ezingembi kangako, ngelixa ezinye zinokuba neziphumo ezibi kakhulu.
• Ukuba ubona ukulibaziseka ekukhuleni komntwana wakho okanye ingxaki enxulumene nezihlunu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango (ukungenelela kwangoko) kubaluleke kakhulu.
• Izinto ezifana nonyango lomzimba, unyango lomsebenzi, kunye nonyango lokuthetha zinokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bomntwana.
• Abantwana abane-CP banokuphila ubomi obuphumelelayo nobunolonwabo njengaye wonke umntu ukuba bafumana uthando, inkxaso, kunye namathuba afanelekileyo.

Ungalibali, awuwedwa. Kukho oogqirha, iingcali zonyango, kunye nabanye abaninzi abanokukunceda kolu hambo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusebenza nzima ngenxa yomntwana wakho ngaphandle kokulahla ithemba.

I-Cerebral palsy, i-CP, izifo zobuntwana, iingxaki zobuchopho, ubuthathaka bemisipha, ukulibaziseka kokukhula