Xa usiya kugqirha, babeka i-stethoscope esifubeni sakho nasemqolo baze bathi, "Phefumla nzulu ngaphakathi... phefumlela ngaphandle kancinci..." Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni besenza loo nto? Ngamafutshane, ugqirha umamele izandi ezivela ngaphakathi kwimiphunga yakho. Ezi zandi zifana nolwimi lwemiphunga yakho. Ezi zandi zinokukuxelela okuninzi malunga nempilo yenkqubo yakho yokuphefumla.

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Zithini ezi zandi zemiphunga?

Izandi zemiphunga, okanye izandi zokuphefumla, zizandi ozivayo ngaphakathi kwimigudu yakho yomoya (iityhubhu ezincinci ezithwala umoya ngaphakathi kwimiphunga yakho) njengoko uphefumla ungena uphuma.

Umntu onemiphunga ephilileyo uneendlela zomoya ezicacileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mucus ugqithisileyo, ukudumba, okanye naluphi na uthintelo kuwo. Emva koko umoya uhamba kakuhle kwaye uthambile, ngoko ke wenza isandi esithambileyo. Ezi ngxolo sizibiza ngokuba zizandi zemiphunga eziqhelekileyo (izandi zemiphunga ezivakala ngathi yi-vesicular lung).

Nangona kunjalo, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ezi ndlela zomoya zizaliswe yi-mucus, zidumbile, okanye zivalwe yinto ethile ngenxa yemeko yempilo? Emva koko indlela yomoya ivalwe. Kulapho uqala ukuva zonke iintlobo zezandi ezingaqhelekanga. Zinokuba ngathi 'whoosh', 'whoosh', okanye 'whoosh'. Ezi sizandi sizibiza ngokuba zi-irregular/adventitious lung .

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha akayi kugqiba kwelokuba unesifo kuba nje esiva isandi esingaqhelekanga esinje. Yindlela ebalulekileyo enceda ekuxilongweni. Kunye noku, ukuxilongwa okuchanekileyo kufinyelelwa ngokuqwalasela ezinye iimpawu zakho, imbali yakho yempilo, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, nezinye iimvavanyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezandi ezingaqhelekanga zemiphunga?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi zandi zingaqhelekanga eziviwa ngugqirha. Ngayinye ibalisa ibali elahlukileyo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.

Uhlobo lwesandi	Ivakala njani loo nto? / Inkcazo elula
I-Rhonchi	Esi sisandi esinzulu, esifana 'nokugcuma' okukhonkothayo. Ngokuchanekileyo, esi sandi senziwa xa umoya udlula kwiindlela ezinkulu zomoya xa zizaliswe yi-mucus. Esi sandi sinokulahleka okwethutyana xa kukho ukukhwehlela.
Ukuphefumla	Esi sisandi abantu abaninzi abasaziyo. Sisandi esiphezulu nesivakalayo. Sivakala rhoqo xa ukhupha umoya. Esi sandi senzeka xa iindlela zomoya zincipha. Esi sandi siqhelekile kakhulu kubantu abane -asthma .
IStridor	Esi sisandi sivakala kakhulu, sivakala ngomsindo. Nangona kunjalo, sivakala kakhulu xa uphefumla ngaphakathi . Esi sandi sivakala xa kukho ukuvaleka komqala okanye indlela yomoya engaphezulu (umz., ukudumba, into ebambeke kuyo). Esi sandi sivakala rhoqo kubantwana abancinci abane-croup.
Iikrakle / iiRales	Esi asisosandi esiqhubekayo. Sisandi esingenaxesha, isandi esithi 'kiri kiri', isandi esithi 'chiti chiti'. Sifana nesandi esenziwa xa utyumza amagqabi omileyo ngezandla zakho, okanye xa ukhupha amanzi kwi-straw. Oku kuvakala xa iindlela zomoya ezincinci emiphungeni zizaliswe yi-mucus okanye amanzi.
I-Pleural Rub	Esi sisandi esirhabaxa nesirhabaxa. Sifana namaphepha amabini ephepha lesanti ekhuhlana kunye. Esi sandi senziwa xa ii-membrane ezimbini ezijikeleze imiphunga yethu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pleura, zidumba kwaye zikhuhlana. Sivakala xa siphefumla naxa sikhupha umoya.

Kutheni ezi zandi zingaqhelekanga ziphuma esifubeni?

Kukho izinto ezine eziphambili ezinokubangela ezi zandi zingaqhelekanga:

1. I-mucus egcwalisa indlela yokuphefumla: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo.

2. Ukudumba kweendlela zomoya: Xa iindlela zomoya zidumba ngenxa yosulelo okanye i-allergies, iindlela zomoya ziyancipha.

3. Ukuvalwa: Ithumba okanye into yangaphandle kwindlela yomoya.

4. Ukuphuma kwe-Pleural: Ukudumba kwe-membrane ejikeleze imiphunga.

Nazi ezinye zezifo ezibangela ezi meko:

Izifo zokuphefumla, umzekelo i-bronchitis okanye i-croup kubantwana abancinci.
Ukukrala kwemiphunga.
Isifuba.
Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD) sisifo sokuphefumla esingapheliyo.
Icystic fibrosis.
Iingxaki zokunganyamezelani.
I-Anaphylaxis yimeko yokunganyamezelani kakuhle komzimba.
Ukudumba kwepulmonary.
Ukumelwa yintliziyo.
I-Pulmonary embolism (PE) yi-blood clot emiphungeni.

Iphathwa njani?

Unyango luxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisizathu esibangela esi sandi singaqhelekanga. Ugqirha uza kuqala axilonge unobangela ochanekileyo aze emva koko anike unyango.

Kwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma: Ii-inhalers ezivula iindlela zomoya kwaye zinciphise ukudumba, umzekelo ii-corticosteroids.
Kwintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane (umz. i-pneumonia): Ii-antibiotics.
Kwi-aleji enzima: Amayeza afana ne-epinephrine.
Ukuba kukho into ethintelayo: Kusenokufuneka utyando ukuze isuswe.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba uneengxaki okanye uxhalabile malunga nokuphefumla kwakho, ingakumbi malunga nesandi esiphuma esifubeni sakho, musa ukusityeshela. Bona ugqirha wosapho lwakho ngoko nangoko. Angakuhlola aze akuxelele into omawuyenze.

Ingakumbi khumbula! Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, okanye imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nesi sandi singaqhelekanga, yingxamiseko . Kwimeko enjalo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Imiphunga ephilileyo ivelisa isandi esithambileyo nesithambileyo. Izandi ezingaqhelekanga ezifana 'nokukhala', 'ukukhala', kunye 'nokukhala' zibonisa ingxaki kwindlela yokuphefumla.
Unobangela wezi zandi unokuba yinto enokuba yingqele, isifuba, inyumoniya, ukuya kwinto enzulu ngakumbi.
Ugqirha uphulaphula ezi zandi nge-stethoscope ukuze afumane izikhokelo ezibalulekileyo zokuchonga isifo ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuba uva izandi ezingaqhelekanga xa uphefumla, ingakumbi ukuba zihamba nobunzima bokuphefumla, musa ukuzityeshela.
Ukuba uva ingxolo engaqhelekanga kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, yingxamiseko leyo! Yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.