Ngaba wena okanye umntu omaziyo wakha waxelelwa ngugqirha malunga nokufakelwa imiphunga? Okanye ukhe weva ngayo kodwa awuqinisekanga ukuba yintoni? Ukufakelwa imiphunga lutyando olukhulu. Kuyaqondakala ukuba usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi, iinkxalabo, kunye neenkxalabo ngayo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masikuchazele ngendlela elula neqondakalayo, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo osenyongweni.
Kalula nje, yintoni ukufakelwa imiphunga?
Ukufakelwa imiphunga yinkqubo yotyando apho omnye okanye yomibini imiphunga yakho egulayo, engasebenzi kakuhle, okanye eyonakeleyo isuswa ize ithathelwe indawo yimiphunga okanye imiphunga ephilileyo evela kumntu onikelayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imiphunga enikelwa ngale ndlela ivela kumntu oswelekileyo.
Oogqirha badla ngokucebisa olu hlobo lotyando kumntu onesifo esibi kakhulu semiphunga esingenakunyangwa nangaliphi na elinye iyeza okanye unyango.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zokufakelwa imiphunga?
Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zokufakelwa imiphunga. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Uhlobo lokufakelwa kwesinye isitho | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa imiphunga kube kanye | Ukususa omnye wemiphunga yakho emibini enesifo uze uwufake endaweni yawo umphunga ophilileyo onikelweyo. |
| Ukufakelwa imiphunga kabini | Ukususa imiphunga yakho yomibini enesifo uze uyitshintshe ngemiphunga emibini ephilileyo enikelweyo. |
| Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo nemiphunga | Ukususa intliziyo yakho nemiphunga egulayo uze uyitshintshe ngentliziyo nemiphunga ephilileyo enikelweyo. |
Ngubani ofanelekileyo ukufakelwa imiphunga?
Olu asilotyando olunokwenziwa ngumntu wonke. Kuqwalaselwa izinto ezininzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo kolu tyando.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba emva kolu tyando, kukho amayeza oza kufuneka uwasebenzise ubomi bakho bonke. Kuya kufuneka wenze utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela ophila ngayo. Kukwabalulekile kakhulu apha ukwazi ukuba ungakwazi na ukuzilungiselela ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba zonke ezi zinto.
Ngokubanzi, ungumntu ofanelekileyo kolu tyando ukuba uhlangabezana nezi khrayitheriya zilandelayo:
- Unesifo okanye imeko enzulu ethintela imiphunga yakho ukuba isebenze kakuhle.
- Isifo sakho semiphunga asikanyangwa nangaliphi na elinye iyeza okanye unyango.
- Oogqirha bagqibe kwelokuba ukuba awulwenzi olu tyando, ubomi bakho buxhomekeke kunyaka omnye ukuya kwemithathu.
- Awunawo umhlaza wemiphunga.
- Awusebenzisi iimveliso zecuba (ezifana nokutshaya).
- Ungathatha amayeza okunciphisa umzimba.
Zeziphi iintlobo zeemeko ezisetyenziswayo olu tyando?
Ukufakelwa imiphunga kunokucetyiswa kwiimeko ezininzi, kuquka nezi meko zilandelayo:
- I-Bronchiectasis
- Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD)
- Umonakalo omkhulu wemiphunga obangelwe yi-COVID-19
- I-Cystic fibrosis (CF)
- Isifo semiphunga esingaphakathi kwesisu (ILD)
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Ngaphambi kokuba utyandwe utyando lwemiphunga, uza kudlula kuthotho lovavanyo olucokisekileyo noluneenkcukacha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando . Eli linyathelo lokuqala lokufumanisa ukuba olu tyando lolona nyango lufanelekileyo kuwe na. Umququzeleli wotyando oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa uza kuqokelela lonke ulwazi lwakho lwezonyango.
Oku kuquka iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:
- Ukujonga impilo yakho iyonke.
- Imbali yentsapho yesifo.
- Iinkcukacha malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi.
- Iingxelo zamva nje ze-CT scan kunye ne-X-ray yesifuba.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi.
- Ukubhala izicubu zomzimba wakho - Oku kujonga ukuba izicwili zomzimba wakho ziyahambelana na nezicwili zomnikeli.
- Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwephaphu.
- Uvavanyo lwentliziyo (ECG, Echocardiogram, Cardiac catheterization).
- Uvavanyo loxinano lwamathambo (i-DEXA scan).
Emva kwazo zonke ezi mvavanyo, iqela lakho lokufakelwa isibeleko liza kudibana, lihlolisise zonke ezi ngxelo, kwaye lenze isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuba ungumntu ofanelekileyo na kolu tyando. Ukuba bagqiba kwelokuba ufanelekile, igama lakho liya kongezwa kuluhlu.Uza kufakwa kuluhlu lokulinda lwesizwe lwabantu abafakelwa imiphunga.
Kwenzeka ntoni xa ukuluhlu lokulinda?
Kusenokufuneka ulinde iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, ukuze kufunyanwe umphunga ofanelekileyo. Kuba nangona bebaninzi abantu abadinga olu tyando, kukho inani elilinganiselweyo lemiphunga ekhoyo yokunikela. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza:
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Kufuneka uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala. Kufuneka ugcine ubunzima bomzimba wakho busempilweni.
- Ukuzilolonga: Inkqubo yokuzilolonga ilungiselelwe ukukugcina usesimeni esihle kakhulu somzimba.
- Iintlanganiso: Ufanele udibane neqela lakho lezonyango rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuze uhlole impilo yakho.
- Ukulungiselela: Umphunga ofanelekileyo ungafumaneka nangaliphi na ixesha, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nesicwangciso sothutho ukuze ufike esibhedlele. Kukwangumbono omhle ukuba nebhegi enezinto ezifunekayo, izinto zokuhlamba, nezinye izinto.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando
Olu lutyando olunobunzima oluthatha iiyure ezininzi. Ukufakelwa imiphunga kube kanye kunokuthatha malunga neeyure ezi-4-8, kwaye ukufakelwa imiphunga ephindwe kabini kunokuthatha malunga neeyure ezi-6-12.
1. Okokuqala, uza kufakwa i-anesthesia ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke awuyi kuva naluphi na uvakalelo okanye iintlungu ngexesha lotyando.
2. Uza kuqhagamshelwa kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-mechanical ventilator) . Lo matshini uza kuphefumla ngexesha lotyando.
3. Kusenokufuneka usebenzise umatshini okhethekileyo obizwa ngokuba yi -ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) ukuze ubuyisele igazi entliziyweni nasemiphungeni yakho.
4. Ugqirha uza kukwenza utyando esifubeni sakho kwindawo efanelekileyo aze asuse umphunga onesifo okanye imiphunga yomibini.
5. Emva koko, umphunga ophilileyo onikelweyo ubekwa endaweni yawo, kwaye imithambo yegazi kunye neendlela zomoya zixhunyaniswa ngobuchule.
6. Emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba igazi nomoya zihamba kakuhle ukuya emphungeni omtsha, i-incision ithungwa kwakhona.
Ziziphi iingozi kunye neengxaki emva kotyando?
Njengakuyo nayiphi na ityando elikhulu, kukho iingozi ezibandakanyekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.
- Iingozi zotyando: Iingozi eziqhelekileyo zalo naluphi na utyando, ezinje ngokopha, amahlwili egazi, kunye nosulelo, nazo zikhona apha.
- Ukwaliwa kokufakelwa imiphunga: Lo ngowona mceli mngeni mkhulu. Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yomzimba wakho yokuzikhusela iyaziqonda imiphunga esandul’ ukufakelwa “njengotshaba” ize iqale ukuyihlasela. Ukuthintela oku, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa umzimba ubomi bakho bonke.
- Usulelo:Ngenxa yamayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, amandla omzimba wakho okulwa nezifo ayancipha. Ngenxa yoko, unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo olwahlukeneyo.
Zithini iimpawu zokungavumi imiphunga?
Ufanele ukuba uqaphela kakhulu ezi mpawu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kuzo, yazisa ugqirha wakho okanye iqela lokufakelwa izitho zangasese ngokukhawuleza.
| Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zokungamkeleki | |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu |
| Ukunyuka kwesisindo ngequbuliso | Intlungu yomzimba |
| Ukudinwa okugqithisileyo | Urhudo (intlungu yesisu) |
| Intlungu okanye ukurhawuzelelwa kwindawo ejikeleze umphunga otyalwe kwenye indawo | Ukudumba komzimba |
Ixesha lokubuyisela ubomi kunye nobomi obuzayo
Emva kotyando, uza kugcinwa kwigumbi labagula kakhulu (ICU) kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa, uze udluliselwe kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Kungathatha iiveki ezimbini nangaphezulu ukubuyela ekhaya ngokupheleleyo uvela esibhedlele.
Ixesha lokuchacha lide. Kuya kufuneka uze esibhedlele rhoqo ukuze uhlolwe kwaye ufumane unyango kwiinyanga ezi-3-6 zokuqala. Uya kukwazi ukuzilolonga, ukuqhuba, nokubuyela emsebenzini emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, kodwa konke oku kuya kuxhomekeka kwiingcebiso zeqela lakho lezonyango.
Enye yezona nzuzo ziphambili zolu tyando kukwanda kwexesha lokuphila kunye nomgangatho wobomi. Ubunzima bokuphefumla buyaphela, kwaye ufumana amandla okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nokuzilolonga.
Khumbula, umzimba womntu wonke wahlukile, ngoko ke ixesha lakho lokuchacha lisenokuhluka kwelomnye umntu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa imiphunga lutyando olukhulu olwenziwa kwizifo ezinzulu zemiphunga ezingenakunyangeka ngalo naluphi na olunye unyango.
- Kuqhutywa uthotho lweemvavanyo ezineenkcukacha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ufanelekile na kolu tyando, kwaye kuya kufuneka ulinde kuluhlu lokulinda ude ufumaneke umphunga ofanayo.
- Ukuthintela umzimba ukuba ungalamkeli iphaphu elitsha, amayeza okunciphisa umzimba kufuneka athathwe ubomi bakho bonke.
- Hlala uqaphela iimpawu zokungavumi kokusebenzisa imiphunga (umkhuhlane, ukudumba, ukudinwa). Ukuba uneengxaki, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Nangona inkqubo yokuchacha inde, olu tyando lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho kunye nobomi bakho. Soloko unxibelelana ngokukhululekileyo neqela lakho lezonyango.
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