Kule mihla, siva ngeengqele , iimfiva, kunye nokukhwehlela kuyo yonke indawo. Ngaba nawe ubukhe waziva ubuthathaka, uqaqanjelwa, kwaye unesicaphucaphu ngenxa yomkhuhlane ? Usenokungazi ukuba leliphi iyeza omawulithathe okanye wenze ntoni ngamaxesha anjalo. Ungakhathazeki, le meko iyenzeka kuthi abaninzi. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngonyango olunokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zomkhuhlane kunye nezinto ekufuneka siziqaphele.
Ngawaphi amayeza esifanele siwasebenzise xa sineempawu zomkhuhlane?
Ngamafutshane, amayeza owaselayo aya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho. Ayizizo zonke amayeza asebenzela wonke umntu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi amayeza anokunceda uphawu ngalunye.
Khawuthelekelele impumlo yakho ivalekile kwaye ii-sinus zakho zivakala ziqinile. Ke into eya kukunceda liyeza elinciphisa ukudumba kwempumlo yakho. Kwizonyango, ezi ziyobisi sizibiza ngokuba yi-'decongestants'. Ezi zinokuthathwa njengeepilisi okanye zisetyenziswe njenge- spray yempumlo.
Kodwa apha kufuneka ukhumbule into ebaluleke kakhulu. Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa izitshizi zokususa ukuxinana empumlweni kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngexesha. Ukuba uyeka ukuzisebenzisa ixesha elide, impumlo yakho inokuba xinene ngakumbi ( iimpawu zokubuyela umva). Kwakhona, izitshizi zokususa ukuxinana ezithathwa kwifom yeepilisi ngamanye amaxesha zinokunyusa izinga lentliziyo yakho .
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nempumlo egobhozayo, umphimbo oxineneyo ( i-postnasal drip ), amehlo anamanzi, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa , ii-antihistamines zinokunceda. Kodwa ezi zihlala zisetyenziselwa i-allergies. Ezinye ii-antihistamines zinokukwenza ulale. Ngoko ke ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naliphi na kula mayeza, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yintoni elungele imeko yakho.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, makhe sijonge olu lwazi kwitheyibhile.
| Uphawu | Iintlobo zamayeza anokuselwa | Amanqaku abalulekileyo |
|---|---|---|
| Ukuxinana kweempumlo | Amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba kwempumlo (amayeza anciphisa ukudumba empumlweni) | Musa ukusebenzisa i-nasal spray kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwe-3. Abantu abanoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kufuneka badibane nogqirha wabo ngaphambi kokuba bayisebenzise. |
| Impumlo Egobhozayo, Amehlo Amanzi | Ii-Antihistamines | Usenokozela. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo, kuba zinokudibana nezinye iziyobisi. |
| Ukukhwehlela | Izinto zokunciphisa ukukhwehlela okanye izinto ezikhupha umkhuhlane | Musa ukunika ubusi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ubusi bulungile, kodwa musa ukubunika abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala. |
| Umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba | I-Acetaminophen (iParacetamol), i-Ibuprofen | Thatha idosi ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uyithathe. Musa ukunika i-aspirin nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala. |
Ngaba umntu onoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu angasebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa ukuxinana kwegazi?
Lo ngumbuzo obaluleke kakhulu. Uhlobo lweyeza elithi `Decongestant`, ingakumbi izithako eziqulethe i-`Pseudoephedrine` kunye ne-`Phenylephrine` zinokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo. Ke ngoko, ukuba unexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise olu hlobo lweyeza. Uza kuvavanya imeko yakho yempilo aze akunike enye indlela ekhuselekileyo.
Yintoni eyona nto ilungileyo yokukhwehlela?
Ukukhwehlela ngamanye amaxesha yindlela yokususa izinto ezingafunekiyo kunye ne-mucus emiphungeni. Yindlela yokuzikhusela emzimbeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kufuneka kuphandwe unobangela kwaye kufunwe unyango olufanelekileyo.
Kukho zonke iintlobo zamayeza okukhwehlela kwiikhemesti. Amanye awo aqulethe indibaniselwano yemithi yokukhwehlela, imithi yokuphuma kwesisu, imithi yokuthomalalisa iintlungu, imithi yokukhulula ukuxinana kwegazi, imithi yokuthintela ukudumba kwesisu, imithi yokuthintela ukudumba kwesisu, njl. Kodwa ngugqirha kuphela owaziyo ukuba yintoni efanelekileyo kuwe. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa unika amayeza okukhwehlela, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukusela ithisipuni yobusi kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhwehlela. Kodwa nantsi into ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyikhumbule: Ungaze unike abantwana abangaphantsi konyaka omnye ubusi nangasiphi na isizathu. Bunokubangela ityhefu yokutya ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Botulism'.
Wenza ntoni xa unesifo somkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba?
Xa kukho umkhuhlane kunye neentlungu zomzimba, singasebenzisa amayeza afana ne-'Acetaminophen' (esiwasebenzisa rhoqo njenge-'Paracetamol' eSri Lanka) okanye i-'Ibuprofen', esiwaqhelileyo sonke.
Kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilumkele apha.
- I-Aspirin: Ungaze unike abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 i-aspirin. Ingabangela imeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Reye's syndrome'.
- I-Overdose: Amaxesha amaninzi, amayeza omkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane aneempawu ezininzi esiwathengayo kwikhemesti anokuba ne-'Paracetamol' okanye i-'Ibuprofen'. Ukuba uthatha ipilisi eyahlukileyo ye-'Paracetamol' uze usele ipakethe efanayo, ungalisebenzisa kakhulu iyeza. Liyingozi kakhulu kwisibindi sakho. Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naliphi na iyeza, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nezithako ezikulo.
Zithini ii-antiviral medications? Ngaba ezi zinikwa umkhuhlane?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. `Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane` asingomayeza aqhelekileyo anciphisa umkhuhlane nokukhwehlela. La ngamayeza athile alwa ngokuthe ngqo nentsholongwane yomkhuhlane kwaye alawule ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane emzimbeni. Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-`Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)` kunye ne-`Zanamivir (Relenza)`.
La mayeza asebenza kakhulu xa ethathwa kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48 emva kokuqala kweempawu . Awanikwanga wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa la mayeza kubantu abasengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ezinkulu ezivela kumkhuhlane (umz., abantwana abancinci, abantu abadala, abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sentliziyo, kunye nabantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka).
Ngaba kulungile ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane xa umkhuhlane?
Hayi. Akunamsebenzi konke konke. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka siyikhumbule sonke.
Umkhuhlane sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane . Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamayeza abulala iintsholongwane . Ke ngoko, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awanampembelelo kwintsholongwane yomkhuhlane.
Okwenzekayo xa usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngokungeyomfuneko kukuba kwixesha elizayo, xa ufumana usulelo lwebhaktiriya, la mayeza awasayi kusebenza (ukuxhathisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane). Oko kuyingozi kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lwesibini lwebhaktiriya lunokukhula ngexesha lomkhuhlane, njenge-pneumonia. Kuphela kwiimeko ezinjalo apho ugqirha anokuthi anike i-antibiotic yokunyanga usulelo lwebhaktiriya.
Ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, umkhuhlane wakho awupheli kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, unengxaki yokuphefumla, okanye iintlungu esifubeni , bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umkhuhlane sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awasebenzi kuwo.
- Funa unyango olusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naluphi na unyango, ingakumbi ukuba unezinye izifo (ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye isifo seswekile), thetha nogqirha.
- Musa ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala amayeza okukhwehlela nawomkhuhlane athengwe kwikhemesti ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha.
- Musa ukunika i-Aspirin nabani na ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-19 ubudala. Buza ugqirha wakho malunga neParacetamol okanye i-Ibuprofen endaweni yoko.
- Musa ukunika ubusi iintsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi ezifana namanzi, ipapa, kunye nejusi yeziqhamo. Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Oku kuya kukunceda uphile ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba iimpawu zinzima, musa ukuphucuka kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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