Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, mhlawumbi uqhelene neeskeni ezijonga impilo yomntwana wakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba igama elithi "megaureter" livela kwingxelo yeskeni, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukuba uyazi kakuhle le meko, uya kuba namandla ngakumbi ekuyijonganeni nayo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni, kutheni isenzeka, kwaye yintoni enokwenziwa ngayo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Megaureter?
Kulungile, masiqale siqonde kancinci malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yomchamo emzimbeni wethu. Sinezintso ezimbini. Ezi zezo zihluza igazi lethu kwaye zenze umchamo (umchamo) kwimveliso engafunekiyo. Emva koko, kukho iityhubhu ezimbini ezincinci ezithwala lo mchamo ziye kwisinyi. Ezi tyhubhu zimbini zezo sizibiza ngokuba zii-ureters .
Ngokwesiqhelo, i-urethra kumntu ophilileyo yityhubhu encinci emalunga ne-9 intshi ubude kunye nobubanzi obumalunga ne-intshi enye. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-``megaureter``, le urethra inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga kwaye ibanzi kunesiqhelo. Ngamafutshane, yi-"mega" (enkulu) "ureter" (ureter) njengoko igama lisitsho.
Le yimeko edla ngokuba yimeko yokuzalwa eyenzeka ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Yiyo loo nto idla ngokubonwa ngexesha lovavanyo lokukhulelwa. Ukuba ayinyangwanga kakuhle, imeko enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-``Megaureter`` inokonakalisa inkqubo yomchamo yomntwana.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zee-megaureters?
Ewe, le meko inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezininzi eziphambili kuxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeka ngayo. Ukuba ugqirha wakho usebenzisa la magama, masifunde ngawo ukuze kube lula ukuwaqonda.
| Uhlobo lweMegaureter | Okwenzekayo kulula. |
|---|---|
| I-Megaureter yokuhlaziya kwakhona | Oku kwenzeka xa umchamo ovela kwisinyi ubuyela umva, unyuka, kwaye wehla kwi-ureter uye kwizintso. Oku kuhamba umva (vesicoureteral reflux) kubangela ukuba i-ureter yoluleke kwaye ikhule kancinci kancinci. |
| I-Megaureter ePhambili eVimbekileyo | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba i-urethra, apho idibana khona nesinyi, iyavaleka ize inciphe. Kufana nokucinezela umbhobho wamanzi ekupheleni. Oku kubangela ukuba umchamo uphume (ukuvaleka) kwaye umbhobho uzale ngumchamo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udumbe kwaye ube mkhulu. |
| I-megaureter eyintloko engathintelwanga, engaphindi ivuseleleke | Kule meko, akukho nanye kwezi zizathu zingasentla ekhoyo. Oko kukuthi, umchamo awubuyeli umva, kwaye akukho kuvalwa. Kodwa i-urethra iye yaba nkulu. Kwiimeko ezininzi, le meko iyaziphilisa ngokwayo njengoko umntwana ekhula. |
| IiMegaureters zesibini | Ezi zibangelwa zezinye iimeko zonyango, ezinje ngokuvaleka kwe-urethra, i-prune belly syndrome , okanye i-neurogenic bladder . |
Ziziphi iimpawu umntwana wam anokuba nazo xa enale meko?
Uninzi lwexesha, abantwana abane-megaureter abanazo iimpawu . Yingakho ii-scan zokukhulelwa zibaluleke kangaka. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantwana, ingakumbi emva kokuzalwa, banokuba neempawu. Ezi ziquka:
- Intlungu yecala: Intlungu evela ecaleni lomqolo, ngaphantsi kweembambo.
- Igazi kumchamo (hematuria): Ukuba umchamo ujika ube pinki, ube bomvu, okanye ube mdaka.
- Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo (UTIs): Usulelo lwendlela yomchamo lunokubangela umkhuhlane, ukubanda, kunye nokutshisa xa uchama.
- Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo: Ukuba umntwana wakho mdala kancinci, kunokuba nzima ukulawula ukuchama kwakhe.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntwana oza kuba nazo zonke ezi mpawu. Iimpawu zomntwana omnye zinokwahluka kakhulu komnye.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka kwiintsana? Yintoni isizathu?
Kunzima ukukhomba isizathu esinye soku, kodwa kukho izizathu ezimbalwa eziphambili eziye zachongwa.
Xa umntwana ekhula esibelekweni, i-urethra yenziwe ngomaleko wemisipha enokucutheka. Le misipha icutheka njengamaza ukuze ityhale umchamo usuka kwizintso uye kwisinyi. Le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba yi-'peristalsis'`.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, endaweni yesi sihlunu, kuvela izicubu eziqinileyo, ezingaguquguqukiyo, ezineefayibha kwinxalenye ye-urethra. Le nxalenye inzima ayinakuncitshiswa ngolo hlobo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuhamba komchamo kuyavalwa, kwaye umbhobho uzaliswa ngumchamo, kancinci kancinci ube mkhulu.
Ukongeza, ukuvaleka komnyango we-urethra ukuya kwisinyi, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesiphelo se-urethra (ureterocele), kunokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"megaureter", ethintela ukuhamba komchamo.
Uphando lufumanise ukuba le meko ixhaphake ngokuphindwe kane phakathi kwabafana kunamantombazana.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oku kudla ngokubonwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa nge -ultrasound scan (ultrasound/sonogram) , evumela izintso zomntwana, ii-ureters, kunye nesinyi ukuba zibonakale ngokucacileyo.
Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nosulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo emva kokuzalwa, ugqirha wakho uya kumxilonga umntwana wakho aze acebise ezinye iimvavanyo ukuba ukrokrela ukuba le meko.
- I-VCUG (i-Voiding Cystourethrogram): Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-X-ray. Apha, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) kwi-urethra yomntwana, kwaye kudluliswa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (idayi engafaniyo) ngalo luye kwisinyi. Emva koko, xa umntwana echama, kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba ulwelo luphuma nomchamo okanye lubuyela kwi-urethra.
- I-ultrasound yezintso: Oku kunokukunceda ubone ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nokubakho kwayo nayiphi na imiqobo kwizintso nakwisinye somntwana wakho.
- I-Renal Scan: Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa inani elincinci kakhulu lezinto ezine-radioactive (radiotracer) emthanjeni womntwana. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa i-scanner ekhethekileyo ukujonga indlela ezidlula ngayo ezintso. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izintso zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na kwaye kukho naziphi na izithintelo ekuhambeni komchamo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi (iphaneli ye-Electrolyte): Amanqanaba e-electrolyte egazini ayajongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba izintso zomntwana zisebenza kakuhle na.
- Uhlalutyo lomchamo: Kuthathwa isampulu yomchamo ize ihlolwe iimpawu zosulelo lomchamo.
Inganyangwa njani le nto? Ngaba utyando luyimfuneko?
Unyango loku luyahluka kumntwana ngamnye. Luxhomekeke kubudala bomntwana, uhlobo lweempawu zakhe, kunye nempilo yakhe iyonke.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezi,Uninzi lwabantwana aludingi nyango okanye utyando olukhulu. Imeko idla ngokuba ngcono ngokwayo njengoko umntwana ekhula.
Ngoko ke, oogqirha baqala basebenzise indlela "yokulinda nokulinda" . Ngeli xesha:
- Kuyenziwa ii-ultrasound scan rhoqo ukujonga ukuba izintso zomntwana zikhula kakuhle na.
- Ii-antibiotics zinokuqhubeka nokunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo lomchamo (ii-UTI).
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko ayiphucuki kunyaka wokuqala womntwana, ukuba i-urethra iba nkulu (iyavuleka), ukuba usulelo lomchamo luyaqhubeka, okanye ukuba ukusebenza kwezintso kuyachaphazeleka, ngoko ke utyando lunokufuneka.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando:
1. Ureterostomy: Apha, ugqirha otyandayo udibanisa i-urethra yomntwana nomngxuma omncinci (stoma) owenziwe esiswini. Emva koko, umchamo uphuma ngqo emngxunyeni uye kwi-napkin yomntwana endaweni yokuya kwisinyi. Oku kunika i-urethra kunye nezintso ukuphumla kwaye kuvumela ukuba ziphinde ziphile. Emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, xa i-urethra ibuyele kubukhulu bayo obuqhelekileyo, kwenziwa olunye utyando ukuze idityaniswe kwakhona nesinyi.
2. I-Pyeloplasty: Olu tyando lubandakanya ukususa okanye ukulungisa inxalenye evalekileyo okanye encitshisiweyo ye-urethra, kunye nokudibanisa kwakhona iindawo ezimbini eziseleyo ze-urethra.
Izinga lempumelelo yolu tyando liphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokoyika. Ugqirha uza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele umntwana wakho.
Ngaba kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka uyise umntwana wakho kwi-ETU?
Ewe. Ukuba umntwana wakho unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Megaureter" kwaye unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo kunye nosulelo lomchamo (UTI), mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko .
- Umqolo obuhlungu
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
Musa ukuhlala ekhaya ngexesha elinje. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Megaureter kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kombhobho othwala umchamo ukusuka kwintso yomntwana ukuya kwisinyi. Oku kudla ngokuba yimeko yokuzalwa.
- Ungakhathazeki ukuba ufumanisa oku ngexesha lokuhlolwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Uninzi lwabantwana aludingi utyando , kwaye imeko iya kuphelela ngokwayo njengoko umntwana ekhula.
- Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa indlela "yokulinda ngononophelo", qiniseka ukuba umsa umntwana wakho kuvavanyo ngomhla omiselweyo.
- Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lwendlela yomchamo luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwale meko. Ngoko ke, thatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane achazwe ngugqirha wakho njengoko eyalelwe.
- Ukuba utyando luyimfuneko, izinga lempumelelo liphezulu kakhulu, ngoko ke musa ukuloyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Ukuba umntwana uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomqolo, kunye nokuhlanza, mse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Buza ugqirha wakho nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo. Baza kukunika lonke ulwazi kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo.
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