Sonke siyayazi ixhala kunye nokothuka okubangelwa kukuva amagama athi "umhlaza webele." Kodwa kunzima ukuchaza ngamazwi imvakalelo yokwazi ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba, oko kukuthi, 'usuguqukile.' Kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba awuwedwa ngeli xesha. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko, ngaphandle kokuyithwalisa ubunzima intliziyo yakho, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo wakho.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni umhlaza webele osasazekayo?
Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuthi 'yiMetastatic Breast Cancer'. Abanye babiza nangokuthi 'yiAdvanced Breast Cancer' okanye 'yiStage IV Breast Cancer'.
Ngamafutshane, oku kwenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza eziqale esifubeni ziqhekeka, zidlule kwimithambo yegazi okanye kwimithambo ye-lymph, zize zenze amathumba amatsha kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ngamanye amazwi, ezinye iiseli zomhlaza ziyaphuma ekhayeni lazo lokuqala, ibele, zize ziseke iikholoni ezintsha kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nangona le meko ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho unyango olufumanekayo namhlanje olunokuphucula umgangatho wobomi kwaye luncede abantu baphile ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, inani labantu abaphila nale meko ixesha elide liyanda imihla ngemihla.
Ayingabo bonke abantu abafumana umhlaza webele abaya kuba nale meko. Ngokwedatha, phakathi kwama-20% nama-30% abasetyhini abanomhlaza webele okwinqanaba lokuqala baya kuba nomhlaza ngale ndlela. Kwakhona, nokuba umhlaza webele ufunyanwa okokuqala, inani elincinci (malunga ne-6%) lisenokuba sele lisasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Zingaba yintoni iimpawu zale meko?
Ukuba unale meko, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ukhathazeke kukuba notshintsho oluncinci emzimbeni wakho lunokuba luphawu lokuba umhlaza uyasasazeka. Kodwa khumbula, ayilulo lonke utshintsho okanye iintlungu ezithetha ukuba umhlaza uya usiba mandundu.
Umzekelo, ukudinwa luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwale meko. Nangona kunjalo, inokuba yimpembelelo ecaleni yonyango olufana ne-chemotherapy. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uhlala uziva udiniwe, ulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, okanye unciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuzama, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Iimpawu ezithile zinokuvela ngokuxhomekeke kwilungu elithile umhlaza osasazeke kulo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Apho umhlaza usasazeke khona | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Amathambo |
|
| Ingqondo | |
| Imiphunga | |
| Isibindi |
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Umhlaza usasazeka njani?
Le meko idla ngokuvela njengokuphinda komhlaza emva kokuba umhlaza wokuqala unyangiwe. Khawucinge ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba zonke iiseli zomhlaza azitshatyalaliswanga ngexesha lonyango?
Ngamanye amaxesha, iiseli zomhlaza zincinci kangangokuba azibonakali nangovavanyo. Nokuba umhlaza ususwe ngotyando, awusebenzi ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba, ngaphambi kotyando, iiseli ezimbalwa zomhlaza zisenokuba zisasazeke kwizicubu ezikufutshane, kwii-lymph nodes, okanye egazini.
Ngale ndlela, iiseli zomhlaza eziye zasinda kunyango zaza zaba buthathaka, ngokuhamba kwexesha, ziqala ukomelela kwakhona. Ziyakhula, zahlukane, zande kwakhona. Emva koko, zihamba ngemithambo yegazi kunye nenkqubo ye-lymphatic, efana neendlela ezinkulu emzimbeni wethu, kwaye zihlala kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zinokulala iinyanga okanye iminyaka zize zisebenze ngequbuliso. Yiyo loo nto le meko inokuvela nasemva kweminyaka emininzi yonyango.
Ungayibona njani le meko?
Ukuba unezi mpawu zingasentla, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo oluthile, olufana nolu:
- I-Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili esikrokrelekayo uze usihlole phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze ubone ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo olufana nokubalwa kwegazi ngokupheleleyo lunika umbono wempilo yomzimba ngokubanzi.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Ukuba kukho indawo ekrokrisayo emiphungeni, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci enekhamera ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi lemiphunga.
- Uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo lokufota: Uvavanyo olufana nokuskena amathambo, ii-X-ray zesifuba, ii-CT scans, ii-MRI scans, ii-PET scans, kunye nee-ultrasound scans zinokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umhlaza usasazeke phi kanye kanye.
- "IiTaps": Inkqubo yokuthatha ulwelo kwindawo apho kukho iimpawu kwaye uluvavanye. Umzekelo, i-pleural tap okanye i-spinal tap.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, akukho nyango lwale meko okwangoku. Ke ngoko, injongo ephambili yoogqirha kukukunceda uphile ubomi bakho obuhle kangangoko, ungenazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezininzi kangangoko, kwaye wandise ubomi bakho.
Oko kuthetha ukuba akukho nyango lunye loku. Ugqirha wakho uza kumisela isicwangciso sonyango esilungele wena. Oku kuya kuphenjelelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Uhlobo lomhlaza webele: Umzekelo, unyango lomhlaza one-hormone lwahlukile kunyango lomhlaza one-triple-negative.
- Apho umhlaza usasazeke khona: Unyango lomhlaza osasazeke esibindini lunokwahluka kunonyango lomhlaza osasazeke emiphungeni.
- Unyango lwakho lwangaphambili: Sikwaqwalasela indlela umhlaza wakho owasabela ngayo kunyango lwangaphambili kunye nendlela olo nyango olukuchaphazele ngayo.
- Iingxelo zovavanyo: Ulwazi oluvela kuvavanyo lwelabhoratri malunga nohlobo kunye nokuziphatha kweeseli zomhlaza nalo lubalulekile.
Iindlela eziphambili zonyango ezisetyenziswayo zezi:
- Unyango ngamakhemikhali
- Unyango lwehomoni
- Unyango lwe-immunotherapy
- Unyango olujoliswe kulo
Unyango luthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Xa kunyangwa umhlaza osekwinqanaba lokuqala, injongo yayikukunyanga umhlaza ngokuwunyanga ixesha elithile. Kodwa ngoku, injongo kukunciphisa iithumba ezintsha, ukulawula ukusasazeka komhlaza, kunye nokulawula iimpawu. Ngoko ke, kunokufuneka uqhubeke nokufumana unyango olungapheliyo.
Malunga nokuphila nale meko
Ukuphila nale meko kunokuvakala ngathi uqhelene nawe ngandlela thile. Usafumana unyango, ulawula iimpawu, kwaye ujongene nemingeni yemihla ngemihla yesifo esinzima. Umahluko kukuba ngoku umhlaza ukwizinye iindawo zomzimba wakho kwaye awupheli lula.
Kuyaqondakala ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuva le nyaniso. Usenokuziva ungenakunceda, ngokungathi uphulukene nolawulo lobomi bakho. Ukuba uziva ngaloo ndlela, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukulawula uxinzelelo kunye nemeko:
- Cinga ngononophelo lokuthomalalisa: Unyango lokuthomalalisa aluncedi nje kuphela ekulawuleni iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neempawu zonyango, kodwa lukwabonelela ngezixhobo kunye nenkxaso oyifunayo ukugcina impilo yakho yengqondo.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okukulungeleyo: Unyango lunokunciphisa umnqweno wakho wokutya. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokutya kwakho, thetha nengcali yesondlo.
- Thatha kancinci, inyathelo elinye ngexesha: Ukuphila nale meko kunokuvakala ngathi kukubaleka i-marathon engapheliyo. Ngoko zama ukungoyiki, kodwa thatha usuku ngalunye, umngeni omnye ngexesha.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhumbula ukuba uneqela lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo abanokukunceda kolu hambo. Thetha nabo ngokukhululekileyo malunga neemvakalelo zakho, uloyiko lwakho, kunye namathemba akho.
Ngaba le meko ayinakuthintelwa?
Ngelishwa, akukho ndlela yokuthintela ukusasazeka komhlaza webele. Into ebalulekileyo kukuqonda ukuba oku akubangelwa yinto oyenzileyo okanye ongayenzanga. Kungenxa yokuba ezinye iiseli zomhlaza ezisindileyo kunyango zijikeleza emzimbeni wonke.
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukwazi ukubona iimpawu ezintsha ngelixa unyamekela impilo yakho iyonke. Nangona unyango lungenakuyinyanga le nto, ukungenelela kwangoko kunokunceda ukulawula esi sifo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Umhlaza webele oqala emabeleni usasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba (njengamathambo, ingqondo, imiphunga, isibindi).
- Nangona ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olufumanekayo namhlanje olunokunceda ukwandisa ubomi kunye nokugcina umgangatho wobomi ulungile.
- Iimpawu zixhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza usasazeke phi. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga noluqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho.
- Unyango lulolwahlukileyo kumntu ngamnye kwaye luxhomekeke kuhlobo lomhlaza, apho usasazeke khona, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Olu hambo lunokuba nzima. Kodwa khumbula, iqela lakho lezonyango, usapho, kunye nabahlobo bakho bakhona ukukuxhasa. Awuwedwa.
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