Ngaba nawe uyazilibala izinto? Mhlawumbi le yi-'MCI' (Mild Cognitive Impairment)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uyazilibala izinto ezincinci? Cinga ngento obuthetha ngayo nomhlobo wakho, okanye intlanganiso ebalulekileyo oza kuba nayo ngomso. Ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ujonge izinto ezifana nokuba izitshixo zakho zikuphi, iiglasi zakho zikuphi, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile ukuba nezi zinto zincinci zokulibala njengoko ukhula. Kodwa, ngaba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe wakha waziva ngathi ezi zinto zininzi kakhulu, kwaye ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla? Ukuba kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Mild Cognitive Impairment' (MCI), esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje.

Yintoni 'iMild Cognitive Impairment' (MCI)?

Ngamafutshane, 'Ukuphazamiseka Kwengqondo Okuncinci' (MCI) yimeko apho unokwehla kwengqondo kwinqanaba elithile, okanye ukuphazamiseka okuncinci , xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abaneminyaka yakho. Kodwa oku kubonakala kuphela . Ezi zakhono zengqondo zezi:

• Inkumbulo: Ukukwazi ukukhumbula izinto.
• Ukuqiqa nokugweba: Ukukwazi ukujonga into ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ukukhetha phakathi kokulungileyo nokungalunganga, nokwenza izigqibo.
• Ukucwangcisa nokwenza imisebenzi enzima: Ukukwazi ukucwangcisa umsebenzi ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo nokuwenza kakuhle.

Ungalubona olu tshintsho ngokwakho, okanye ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo angalubona. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu tshintsho alubi lukhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla . Oko kukuthi, usenokwenza izinto ezifana nokuhlamba, ukutya, nokuzinxibisa.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kotshintsho lwenkumbulo olunxulumene nobudala kunye ne-MCI?

Kungokwemvelo kuthi sonke ukuba sitshintshe kancinci indlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yethu njengoko sikhula. Cinga ngezinto ezinjengokuthatha ixesha elide ukufunda into entsha, okanye ukwenza izinto kancinci kancinci.

Nangona kunjalo, olu tshintsho luncinci oluvela njengoko ukhula aluchaphazeli ukusebenza kwakho konke okanye amandla akho okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla . Ukwaluphala okuqhelekileyo akuchaphazeli kakhulu izinto ezifana nokuqaphela, ubukrelekrele, okanye inkumbulo yexesha elide.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65, ngamanye amaxesha unokulibala amagama, amagama, okanye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko ye-MCI, usenokuqala ukulibala iincoko oye wazenza nabanye kunye nezinto oqhele ukuzikhumbula (umzekelo, ixesha owenze idinga nogqirha okanye usuku lokuzalwa lwelungu losapho). I-MCI inokuchaphazela nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`Dementia` kunye ne-`MCI`?

Zombini igama elithi 'Dementia' kunye nelithi 'MCI' zichaza izinto. Zibhekisa kwindlela amandla engqondo omntu atshintshe ngayo kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla .

Umahluko ophambili kukuba kwi-MCI, utshintsho kwizakhono zengqondo aluphazamisi kakhulu ubomi bemihla ngemihla.Kodwa kwi-'Dementia', amandla engqondo ayaphazamiseka kangangokuba abakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla . Enye into kukuba abantu abane-'MCI' ababi natshintsho lukhulu kubuntu babo njengabo bane-'Dementia'.

I-Dementia kukwehla kancinci kokusebenza kwengqondo okunzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba kuphazamise ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Umntu onesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo unokuba neempawu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo
• Ukunciphisa amandla okuqiqa
• Iingxaki zolwimi (ubunzima bokuthetha, ukuqonda)
• Ubunzima bokulungelelanisa amalungu omzimba
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha

Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo ezibangela i-`MCI` okanye i-`Dementia`.

Ingaba i-'MCI' isoloko iguquka ibe yi-'Dementia'?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Abanye abantu abane-MCI banokuba ne-dementia ekugqibeleni. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu onjalo . Kwezinye iimeko ze-neurodegenerative, i-MCI isenokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo. Iimeko ze-neurodegenerative zizifo ezichaphazela ingqondo kwaye ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Imizekelo ibandakanya isifo sika-Alzheimer kunye nesifo sika-Parkinson.

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu abane-MCI babuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo ngokweminyaka yabo, okanye imeko yabo ihlala izinzile, oko kuthetha ukuba ayibi mandundu.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-MCI?

Ngokutsho kwe-American Academy of Neurology, le meko, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Mild Cognitive Impairment" (MCI), ibonwa kumaqela ahlukeneyo eminyaka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Malunga ne-8% yabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-69 ubudala.
• Malunga ne-15% yabantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwama-75 nama-79 ubudala.
• Malunga nama-25% abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-80 nama-84 ubudala.
• Malunga nama-37% abantu abaneminyaka engama-85 nangaphezulu.

Ezi zibalo zibonisa ukuba amathuba okuba nale meko ayanda njengoko iminyaka ikhula.

Zithini iimpawu ze-'MCI'?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-'Mild Cognitive Impairment' (MCI) kukwehla kwamandla engqondo. Eminye imizekelo yoku yile:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Usenokulibala iziganeko zakutshanje. Usenokuphinda imibuzo efanayo kunye namabali aphindaphindwayo. Usenokulibala ngamanye amaxesha amagama abahlobo kunye nosapho, amadinga kagqirha, kunye nezicwangciso. Usenokulibala nokuba izinto zihlala phi rhoqo.
• Iingxaki zolwimi: Usenokuba nobunzima bokufumana amagama achanekileyo owafunayo. Usenokuba nobunzima bokuqonda okubhaliweyo okanye oko kuthethwa ngumntu njengangaphambili.
• Ingqwalasela:Ingqwalasela yakho inokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ungaphazamiseka lula kunangaphambili.
• Ukuqiqa nokugweba: Ukusombulula ingxaki nokwenza isigqibo kunokuba nzima.
• Ucwangciso oluntsonkothileyo: Ukucwangcisa nokwenza imisebenzi enzima, efana nokuhlawula amatyala, ukuthatha amayeza ngexesha, ukuya evenkileni, ukulima igadi, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya, kunye nokuqhuba imoto, kunokuba nzima kunangaphambili.

Ukongeza, ubunzima bokuhamba kunye neengxaki zokuva ivumba nazo zifunyenwe zidibene ne-MCI.

Zithini izizathu ze-'MCI'?

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncinci (MCI) kunokuba nezizathu ezininzi. Ezinye izizathu zinokunyangwa, ngelixa ezinye zingenakunyangwa.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezinokwenzeka:

• Ukudakumba, uxinzelelo olungapheliyo, kunye noxinzelelo.
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid, izintso, okanye isibindi.
• I-sleep apnea kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nokulala.
• Iimeko ezichaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni: Umzekelo, iithumba zobuchopho, amahlwili egazi, istroke, okanye ukwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu.
• Ukunqongophala kweVithamini B12 okanye ezinye iziphene zesondlo.
• Iintsholongwane: Umzekelo, izifo zomchamo (UTI).
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza athile: Umzekelo, amayeza afana ne-calcium channel blockers, amayeza e-anticholinergic, kunye ne-benzodiazepines.
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye nengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala.

I-MCI idla ngokuba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo esiwohlokayo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-MCI inokuba luqalo lwezifo ezifana nezi:

• Isifo sika-Alzheimer
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• `Lewy body dementia`
• I-dementia yemithambo yegazi
• Isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo esingaphambili

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-'MCI'?

Izinto eziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko we-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) ziyafana nezo ze-dementia. Nazi:

• Ukuba neminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo (impembelelo yemfuza).
• Ukuba neemeko ezonyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo: umzekelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol, isifo seswekile, kunye nokutyeba kakhulu.

Ufumanisa njani ukuba une-`MCI`?

Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo i-mild cognitive impairment (MCI), njengoko inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwezifo ezininzi. Ukongeza, ezinye zeempawu ze-MCI ziqhelekile kwezinye izifo ezininzi.

Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza ezi zinto:

• Ndibuza ngeempawu zakho .
• Buza ngembali yakho yezonyango (izifo zangaphambili, amayeza owawaselayo).
• Jonga amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku .
• Buza ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onengxaki enkulu yokukhumbula okanye i-dementia .
• Kuza kwenziwa uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nokuhlolwa kwesimo sengqondo .
• Buza ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo othembekileyo malunga notshintsho oluqhubekayo kwindlela osebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho .

Ukongeza, kunokwenzeka ukwenza iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo ukujonga usulelo okanye ukudumba. Banokujonga namanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid kunye nokungabikho kwe-vitamin B12. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokwenza uvavanyo lwe-cerebrospinal fluid (i-spinal tap) ukujonga iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba kunye nezifo ze-neurodegenerative.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Uvavanyo olufana ne-computed tomography (CT) scans kunye ne-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans zisetyenziselwa ukujonga umonakalo wobuchopho, njengokubetha, ukopha, ithumba, okanye ukwakheka kolwelo engqondweni.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Neuropsychological: Olu luluhlu lweemvavanyo ezithethwayo nezibhaliweyo ezilinganisa ubukrelekrele bakho ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kolwimi, inkumbulo, kunye nobuchule bokufunda.

Iingcali ze-neurologists kunye neengcali ze-geriatricians zinokunceda ekuxilongeni i-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-'MCI'?

Unyango lwe-MCI luxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko (ukuba unobangela ungafunyanwa). Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimeko ze-MCI ezibangelwa zizifo eziwohlokayo zemithambo-luvo azinakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utshintsho lwakho lwengqondo lubangelwa lusulelo, iingxaki zokulala, utshintsho lweemvakalelo, okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza, ugqirha wakho uza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango esilungiselelwe iimfuno zakho.

I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ayikavumi naziphi na iziyobisi zonyango oluncinci lwengqondo (Mild Cognitive Impairment) (MCI). Nangona kunjalo, iindlela ezingezizo zeziyobisiKukho izicwangciso zonyango ezinokusetyenziswa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo (`ukuqonda`). Ezi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-`MCI`. Abaphandi banethemba lokuba amayeza asetyenziselwa `isifo se-Alzheimer` aya kunceda ne-`MCI`. Okwangoku bafunda oku.

Abaphandi bayaqhubeka nokufunda iindlela zonyango lwe-MCI. Usenokukwazi ukujoyina uvavanyo lweklinikhi. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo.

Ngaba uphuhliso lwe-'MCI' lungathintelwa?

Ayizizo zonke iimeko ze-MCI ezinokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukugcina ingqondo yakho iphilile kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokuba ne-MCI . Ezi ziquka:

• Ukuphepha okanye ukuyeka ukutshaya.
• Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa utywala okanye ukubusebenzisa ngokulinganisela.
• Ukutya ukutya okunempilo nokunokulinganisela.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi olusempilweni, amanqanaba e-cholesterol, kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini.
• Ukunciphisa nokulawula uxinzelelo.
• Ukulala kakuhle.
• Ukuzilolonga ingqondo: Izinto ezinje ngokusombulula iiphazili, ukufunda iincwadi, nokufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Ukuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yoluntu.
• Ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze alawule izifo zakho ezingapheliyo.

Khumbula, nangona ukwenza ezi zinto kusenokungathinteli ngokupheleleyo uphuhliso lwe-MCI, zinokunceda kakhulu ekunciphiseni umngcipheko.

Liyintoni ikamva lomntu one-'MCI'? (Imbono)

Ingqikelelo okanye umbono womntu onengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (MCI) uyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Abaphandi basafunda okungakumbi ngale meko.

Izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga ne-15% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abane-MCI baba ne-dementia kwiminyaka emibini emva kokuba befunyaniswe bene-MCI . Kwakhona, phakathi kwe-14% kunye ne-38% yabantu abane-MCI babuyela kwinqanaba labo eliqhelekileyo lokusebenza kwengqondo .

Izinga umntu one-MCI aqala ngalo ukuba mandundu lixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko. Abaphandi bayaqhubeka nokufunda ngotshintsho lwengqondo nolwezonyango kubantu abane-MCI. Banethemba lokuba ngenye imini baya kukwazi ukuqikelela ngcono ukuba ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa ziintlobo ezithile zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kwaye ukuba siya kukhawuleza kangakanani na.

Ukuba ndine-`MCI`, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-MCI, licebo elihle ukuthetha ngekamva lakho nogqirha wakho kunye naye nabani na omthembayo.Le ngxoxo ibaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba i-MCI yakho yinqanaba lokuqala lesifo se-neurodegenerative njenge-Alzheimer's. Le ngxoxo iya kunceda abanakekeli ukuba bafezekise iminqweno yakho ukuba awukwazi ukuzenzela izigqibo kwixesha elizayo.

Ukongeza kuloo ngxoxo, kukwangumbono olungileyo ukuba iminqweno nezigqibo zakho zibhalwe phantsi . Oku kuthetha ukudala amaxwebhu asemthethweni achaza into ofuna yenzeke ukuba awukwazi ukuzinyamekela okanye ukwenza izigqibo malunga nokhathalelo okanye impilo-ntle yakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ngenxa yokuba i-MCI inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwemeko ye-neurological embi kakhulu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha okanye ingcali rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 . Oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango. Ugqirha wakho unokujonga utshintsho kwimemori yakho nakwizakhono zakho zokucinga ngokuhamba kwexesha aze acebise utshintsho kwimpilo yakho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, kunokuba luncedo ukugcina i-dayari yakho.

Ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha , qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo endifanele ndiyibuze ugqirha malunga ne-MCI?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe uneMild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), kunokuba luncedo ukubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Yintoni eyabangela ukuba ndibe ne-'MCI'?
• Ziziphi iindlela zokulawula endinazo? (Oko kukuthi, izinto endinokuzenza ukulawula le meko)
• Ngaba kufuneka ndidibane nengcali?
• Zeziphi iimpawu ekufuneka ndizijonge ukuze ndazi ukuba i-MCI yam iya isiba mandundu?
• Ngaba ndiza kuba nesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo?
• Ndingakwazi ukuqhuba imoto?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndiyeke ukwenza eminye imisebenzi?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine ingqondo yam iphilile?
• Ngaba ndifanele ndixelele abanye ngesigulo sam?
• Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso asekuhlaleni abantu abane-MCI abanokuthi bathathe inxaxheba kuwo?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

Ukufumanisa ukuba uneMild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi kunye neenkxalabo malunga nokuba ikamva liza kuba njani. Kodwa khumbula, iMCI ichaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza isicwangciso esihambelana ngqo nesifo sakho kwaye senzelwe wena. Bakho ukuphendula imibuzo yakho kwaye bakuxhase.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho, endaweni yokulutyeshela. Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo kunokunceda kakhulu ekugcineni umgangatho wobomi bakho. Awuwedwa, kwaye ungoyiki ukuthetha ngale nto kwaye ucele uncedo.

"Ukuphazamiseka kwenkumbulo, ukukhubazeka okuncinci kwengqondo, i-MCI, impilo yengqondo, ukwaluphala, i-dementia, i-Alzheimer's