Ngaba umntwana wakho uhlala elele eklasini? Mhlawumbi utitshala uthi, "Unyana/intombi yakho ihlala ilele eklasini, ikruqukile kakhulu." Okanye ivele ilale ngequbuliso ngelixa idlala nabahlobo bayo? Abanye abazali bacinga ukuba le yinto abayenzayo ngenxa yokukruquka, okanye enye into kuba bengalali kakuhle ebusuku. Nangona kunjalo, oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yimeko ye-neurological enzulu enxulumene nengqondo. Sithetha ngaloo nto namhlanje. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Narcolepsy.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-narcolepsy?
I-Narcolepsy yimeko apho ingqondo yomntwana ingakwazi ukulawula ukulala nokuvuka kwakhe. Kufana "newotshi yangaphakathi" yomzimba wethu ephazamisekileyo. Ngokukodwa, oku kunempembelelo enkulu kumandla omntwana okuhlala ephaphile.
Enye yeempawu zokuqala zale meko yemithambo-luvo kukozela kakhulu emini , okunokuphazamisana nokukwazi komntwana ukufunda, ukudlala, kunye nokunxulumana nabahlobo.
Umntwana onesi simo unokuziva ediniwe kwaye elele imini yonke. Ngamanye amaxesha, usenokuba "nohlaselo lokulala" ngequbuliso aze alale ngelixa esenza into ethile. Cinga ngeengozi ezinokubakho ukuba ulala ngequbuliso ngelixa ehamba esitalatweni, edlala, okanye esitya. Ke ngoko, le yimeko esingafanele siyithathe lula.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeNarcolepsy:
Ewe, le meko yahlulwe kakhulu yaziinxalenye ezimbini. Kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Uhlobo lwe-narcolepsy | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Uhlobo 1 (Eyayisaziwa ngokuba yiNarcolepsy with Cataplexy) | Kolu hlobo, umntwana ukwafumana ukozela kakhulu emini kunye nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -cataplexy . Oku kulapho izihlunu zomzimba zibuthathaka ngequbuliso kwaye zizive ngathi ziyalahlekelwa kukulawula. Ukongeza, inqanaba lekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi -hypocretin, enceda ingqondo ukuba ihlale iphaphile, liphantsi. Kolu hlobo, umzimba unokutyeba ngequbuliso. |
| Uhlobo 2 (Eyayisaziwa ngokuba yiNarcolepsy without Cataplexy) | Kolu hlobo, umntwana ulala kakhulu emini kuphela. Le meko yokungakwazi ukulala kakuhle ayibonakali. Kwakhona, amanqanaba e-hypocretin engqondweni awachaphazeleki. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba zombini ezi ntlobo zinokuchaphazela ubomi bomntwana bemihla ngemihla, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu.
Zithini iimpawu ze-narcolepsy ebantwaneni?
Ayingabo bonke abantwana abane-narcolepsy abahlangabezana nazo zonke ezi mpawu ngendlela efanayo. Ezinye iimpawu zisenokuqala kwangethuba, ngelixa ezinye zinokuvela kamva. Kukho iimpawu ezine eziphambili.
1. Ukulala kakhulu emini
2. I-Cataplexy - ubuthathaka bemisipha ngequbuliso
3. Ukukhubazeka kokulala
4. Ukubona/ukuva izinto ezahlukeneyo xa ulele okanye uvuka (Iingcamango ezingabonakaliyo)
Ukongeza, unokubona ezi mpawu:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
- Ukulala imizuzwana embalwa ungazi ukuba wenza ntoni (Iindlela zokuziphatha ezizenzekelayo)
- Ukunyuka kwesisindo ngequbuliso
- Ukufikisa ngaphambi kwexesha
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezi mpawu ziphambili ngokweenkcukacha.
Ukulala kakhulu emini
Olu luphawu lokuqala. Ludlula nje "ukozela." Luphazamisa phantse yonke into eyenziwa ngumntwana ekhaya, esikolweni, nakubahlobo bakhe.
Khangela ukuba ezi zinto ziyenzeka na kumntwana wakho:
- Ukudinwa kakhulu imini yonke, ingakumbi xa uhleli, ufunda incwadi, okanye ukhwele imoto.
- "Ukuhlaselwa bubuthongo" kwenzeka. Oko kuthetha ukuba ngequbuliso, ulala ubuthongo obungalawulekiyo.
- Uqhubeka elala emini emva kweminyaka emi-5, okanye alale ixesha elide kunomntwana oqhelekileyo (iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu).
- Nokuba ulala kancinci emini uze uvuke, uza kuziva ulele kwakhona emva kwexesha elithile.
- Intloko iziva ingasebenzi kakuhle, ilibala, kwaye ingenawo amandla.
- Ingqalelo kunye nokugxila kulula ukulahleka.
- Ukuba nomsindo, ukucaphuka, ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo, okanye ukudandatheka ngaphandle kwesizathu.
I-Cataplexy - ubuthathaka bemisipha ngequbuliso
Olu luphawu oluthile. I-Cataplexy kukulahlekelwa ngamandla emisipha emzimbeni ngequbuliso nangokufutshane. Oku kungathatha imizuzwana embalwa ukuya kwimizuzu embalwa.
Oku kusenokuvakala ngathi amadolo akho ayaphela amandla, okanye umzimba wakho wonke ungaziva unganamandla kwaye ungawa phantsi.
Uza kuqala uqaphele ezi mpawu ebusweni bomntwana wakho:
- Ihaki ayinabomi kwaye umlomo uyavuleka.
- Iinkophe zinzima kwaye zigobile.
- Ukukhupha ulwimi ngaphandle.
- Amazwi ayaxanda xa ethetha.
- Ubonisa iintshukumo zobuso ezingaqhelekanga okanye imbonakalo yazo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba le meko yokungakwazi ukuzibamba yenzeka xa kuvela iimvakalelo ezinamandla ezifana nolonwabo, ukuhleka, umsindo, uloyiko, okanye uchulumanco . Khawuthelekelele, xa umntwana wakho ehleka kakhulu xa eqhula, ngequbuliso ugoba amadolo akhe aze ahlale phantsi. Okanye xa evuya emva kokuphumelela umdlalo, uwisa into ayibambileyo phantsi.
Malunga nama-70% abantwana abane-narcolepsy bafumana le meko. Nangona kunjalo, kubantwana abancinci, inokuphazanyiswa nokungakhathali, ukuxhuzula, ukuquleka, okanye indlela nje yokufumana ingqalelo .
Ukukhubazeka kokulala
Le yinto abantu abaninzi abaye bahlangabezana nayo, kodwa inokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kakhulu. I-sleep parallele yimeko apho ungakwazi ukushukumisa umzimba wakho okanye ukuthetha xa sele uza kulala, okanye xa uvuka kusasa.
Nokuba oku kuqhubeka imizuzwana embalwa okanye imizuzu embalwa kuze kuphele, umntwana uziva esoyika kakhulu, ngokungathi uvalelekile kwaye akanakukwazi ukucela uncedo. Oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana. Ngokwesiqhelo, le meko iyaphela ukuba omnye umntu uchukumisa umzimba.
Ukubona/ukuva izinto ezahlukeneyo (iiHallucinations)
La ngamava afana namaphupha abonakala eyinyani kodwa angenjalo. Ayenzeka xa sele uza kulala (hypnagogic hallucinations) okanye xa uvuka ebuthongweni (hypnopompic hallucinations).
Abantwana badla ngokubona okanye beve izinto eziboyikisayo, njengemifanekiso yezilwanyana okanye izandi zezilwanyana. Le meko idla ngokuvela kunye nokukhubazeka kokulala okukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili.
Kutheni abantwana befumana isifo se-narcolepsy?
Akukho sizathu sicacileyo sale nto, kodwa kucingelwa ukuba ibangelwa yingxaki ekwindawo yengqondo yomntwana elawula ukulala nokuvuka (i-hypothalamus).
Ngokukodwa, i-Type 1 narcolepsy ibangelwa kukuncipha kwe -hypocretin yekhemikhali yobuchopho, esinceda sihlale siphaphile. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela oku:
- Imeko yokuzikhusela komzimba: Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba yomntwana ihlasela ngempazamo iiseli eziphilileyo engqondweni ezivelisa i-hypocretin, nto leyo ebangela ukunqongophala kwaloo khemikhali. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokwenzeka emva kosulelo oluqhelekileyo.
- Imbali yosapho:Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onale meko, kunokubakho unxibelelwano oluthile lwemfuza nomntwana onale meko.
- Ukulimala kwengqondo okanye ithumba: Akuqhelekanga kakhulu, le meko inokwenzeka ngenxa yomonakalo kwindawo elawula ubuthongo ngenxa yokwenzakala kwengqondo, ithumba, okanye enye imeko yezonyango.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-narcolepsy?
Le meko inokuchaphazela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi bomntwana.
- Ukusebenza kakubi esikolweni.
- Ubunzima bokudibana nabahlobo kunye nokugcina ubudlelwane nabantu.
- Iingxaki zengqondo (ukudandatheka, ixhala).
- Iingxaki zokuziphatha (ezifana nesifo sokungakwazi ukunikel’ ingqalelo (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) - i-ADHD).
- Iingozi zomzimba ezibangelwa kukuhlaselwa bubuthongo ngesiquphe.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unezi mpawu, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha wakho, ingakumbi ugqirha wabantwana.
Ugqirha uza kumxilonga umntwana aze akubuze ngeempawu zakhe kunye neendlela zokulala. Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana akaziqondi zonke iimpawu zakhe, ngoko ke oko ukubonayo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Emva koko, ungathunyelwa kwiimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.
| Indlela yovavanyo | Kwenzeka ntoni nje |
|---|---|
| Ukugcina Idayari Yokulala | Kangangeeveki ezimbalwa, baza kukucela ukuba urekhode izinto ezifana nokuba umntwana wakho ulala nini, uvuka nini, kunye nokuba ulala ixesha elingakanani emini. |
| Isixhobo se-Actigraph | Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifana newotshi yesandla. Silinganisa iintshukumo zomntwana kwaye siqokelela idatha malunga nokuba umntwana ulele nini kwaye uvukile nini. |
| I-Polysomnogram (PSG) | Olu luvavanyo oluqhutywa ebusuku kwiziko lokufunda ukulala. Ngelixa umntwana elele, izinto ezifana namaza obuchopho, isantya sentliziyo, ukuphefumla, iintshukumo zamehlo nemilenze zilinganiswa rhoqo. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Multiple Sleep Latency (MSLT) | Oku kwenziwa emini emva kovavanyo lwe-PSG. Ngeli xesha, umntwana ucelwa ukuba alale kancinci rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini. Indlela umntwana alala ngayo ngokukhawuleza kunye nendlela angena ngayo ebuthongweni obunzulu (ukulala kwe-REM) kulinganiswa. |
Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu ziyafana nezezinye izifo zabantwana (umz., i-ADHD, ukuxhuzula), nto leyo enokubangela ukuxilongwa gwenxa . Ke ngoko, ezi mvavanyo zibaluleke kakhulu ukuze kwenziwe ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngaba ikho indlela yonyango lwe-narcolepsy?
Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-narcolepsy okwangoku. Nangona kunjalo, nangona iyimeko yobomi bonke, kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye luncede umntwana aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Unyango lwahlulwe kakhulu lube ziinxalenye ezimbini:
1. Amayeza
2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nendlela yokuphila
Unyango ngamayeza
Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo okunciphisa ukozela emini, ukulawula i-cataplexy, ukunciphisa iimpawu ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokulala kunye nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo.
Umzekelo:
- Izinto ezikhuthazayo
- Iiarhente zokukhuthaza ukuvuka
- Izinto zokudambisa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-nervous central
- Amayeza okudakumba
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha wakho amisele amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kumntwana wakho. Oku kungathatha iiveki ezininzi. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nendlela yokuphila
Ukongeza kumayeza, utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela yokuphila yomntwana lunokwenza umahluko omkhulu.
- Yenza ishedyuli yexesha lokulala rhoqo: Menze umntwana wakho aqhele ukulala nokuvuka ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
- Qhelisa umntwana wakho ukulala kancinci: Mnike umntwana wakho ubuthongo obufutshane bemizuzu engama-20-30 xa eziva elele kakhulu.
- Yenza indawo yokulala ekhululekileyo: Igumbi lakho lokulala malibe lithule, libe mnyama, lipholile, kwaye likhululekile. Kuphephe ukuhlala ebhedini ubukele iTV okanye usebenzise ifowuni yakho.
- Yeka ukusebenzisa i-caffeine: Musa ukusebenzisa i-soda, ikofu, iti, kunye netshokholethi kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ulale.
- Ukuzilolonga: Kulungile ukuzilolonga ubuncinane imizuzu engama-20 ngosuku. Kodwa akucetyiswa ukuzilolonga iiyure ezintathu ngaphambi kokulala.
- Ziphephe izinto eziyingozi: Gcina umntwana wakho ejongiwe ngumntu omdala xa esenza imisebenzi efana nokudada nokupheka enokuba yingozi ukuba ulala ngequbuliso.
- Fumana inkxaso esikolweni: Yazisa ootitshala kunye nenqununu yesikolo ngemeko yomntwana wakho. Oku kuya kubanceda bafumane indawo efanelekileyo yokuhlala (umz., ukuvumela umntwana ukuba alale emini).
- Nika inkxaso yengqondo: Ukuphila nale meko kunokuba nzima ngokweemvakalelo emntwaneni, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubanika inkxaso kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo.
Njengomzali, ungamnceda njani umntwana wakho?
Njengomzali, ungoyena mntu unamandla kakhulu kumntwana wakho kolu hambo. Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo nokufumana isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo. Yiba nomonde ngelo xesha.
Hlala unxibelelana nootitshala besikolo. Bachazele imeko yomntwana wakho. Thetha nabo ngeendlela onokumnceda ngazo umntwana wakho afunde.
Khumbula, awuwedwa kule meko. Ukusebenza njengeqela nogqirha wakho, ootitshala bomntwana wakho, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, neengcali zempilo yengqondo, kunokunika umntwana wakho amandla afunekayo ukuze akwazi ukumelana nale meko.
Okokugqibela, ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokulala kakhulu emini, musa ukubiza nje ngokuba "bubuvila," kodwa thetha nogqirha ngayo. Okukhona imeko ifunyaniswa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona umntwana wakho unokuncedwa ukuba abe nempumelelo ebuntwaneni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-narcolepsy ayikobuvila, yimeko yemithambo-luvo enxulumene nengqondo.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukozela kakhulu emini kunye nokulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso (Cataplexy) okuhambisana neemvakalelo ezinamandla ezifana nokuhleka.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha wabantwana.
- Kunokufuneka izifundo ezizodwa zokulala ukuze kufunyanwe isifo esichanekileyo.
- Nangona kungekho nyango lupheleleyo, amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokulawula ngempumelelo iimpawu kwaye luncede umntwana aphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Ukuba umntwana usengozini ngenxa yokuhamba ngesiquphe elele, mthathe ngoko nangoko aye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
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