Ingaba izigulana zezintso ziyazi ngale nto xa zifumana i-MRI? Masithethe nge-Nephrogen Systemic Fibrosis (NSF)!

Ngaba uneengxaki zezintso? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba izintso zakho azisebenzi kakuhle? Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kufuneka wenze iskeni efana neMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), kufuneka uqaphele kancinci ngedayi ekhethekileyo esetyenzisiweyo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngemeko enokwenzeka ngamaxesha anjalo, kodwa inqabile kakhulu ngoku, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiNephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF).

Yintoni le NSF (Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis)? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, iNephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sezintso, ingakumbi abo bangasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Le meko inokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuba umntu enikwe ii-gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) ngexesha lokuskena, njengeMRI, ukuze imifanekiso icace ngakumbi.

Cinga nje, izintso zethu zezona zihluza izinto ezingafunekiyo emzimbeni wethu zize ziphume nomchamo. Ngoko ke, xa ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-"GBCAs" zingena emzimbeni womntu onezintso ezingasebenzi kakuhle, azisuswanga ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni. Kulapho ke kuvela khona umngcipheko we-NSF.

Uyazi ukuba yintoni ebangela i-NSF? Ulusu lwakho lunokuba luqinile, luqine, ludumbe, kwaye lurhawuzelele. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanamalungu anokuqina aze avaleleke kwindawo enye. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"joint contracture". Ayipheleli apho, kodwa kwabanye abantu, le meko inokuchaphazela amalungu angaphakathi emzimbeni, njengemisipha yesifuba, intliziyo, kunye nemiphunga. Okwenzekayo kukuba izicubu ezijikeleze ezo nxalenye zomzimba nazo ziqine kwaye ziqine.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, xa i-NSF isenzeka, okwangoku akukho nyango lucacileyo lokuyimisa okanye lokuyiguqula.

Kodwa, ungakhathazeki! Kwane-US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) ilucebise kakhulu ukuba kungabikho ukusetyenziswa kwee-GBCA ezindala kwizigulane zezintso. Ii-GBCA ezintsha ezikwimarike azikabikwa ukuba zibangela i-NSF kwizigulane zezintso. Oko kuyanceda kakhulu.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-NSF ngoku?

Enyanisweni, ngoku kunqabile kakhulu. Enyanisweni, akukho matyala matsha e-NSF abikiweyo kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10. Emva kowama-2006, xa uluntu lwezonyango lwaqonda unxibelelwano phakathi kwezi "(GBCAs)" kunye nesifo sezintso, inani leengxelo zesi sifo lehla kakhulu.

I-NSF ikhula njani? Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-NSF zinokuvela ngosuku olunye apho ii-gadolinium-containing contrast agents (GBCAs) zifakwa emzimbeni. Okanye, zinokuvela emva kweenyanga. Kolunye uphando, malunga nama-50% abantu babonakalise iimpawu kwiintsuku ezili-12.

Iimpawu eziphambili ezinokubonwa zezi:

• Ukudumba, ukuqina, kunye nokuqina kolusu: Oku kudla ngokuchaphazela iindawo ezifana neengalo, imilenze, isifuba kunye nesisu. Ubuso abuchaphazeleki rhoqo.
• Amabala amnyama okanye amaqhuma eluswini: Ngamanye amaxesha ulusu lunokuba rhabaxa, njengexolo leorenji.
• Ulusu luziva lurhawuzelela, luvuvukile, okanye lubuhlungu.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa amalungu kunye namalungu ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuqina nokudumba kolusu.

Kwabanye abantu, ezi mpawu zinokuchaphazela amalungu angaphakathi omzimba kunye nemisipha. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzifumana:

• Ubuthathaka obukhulu bemisipha.
• Ngenxa yokuqina kwemisipha, amalungu omzimba awakwazi ukugoba okanye ukwandisa ngokufanelekileyo (oko kukuthi, uluhlu lokushukuma luyancipha).

Ukuba le fibrosis, okanye ukuqina kwezicubu, iyaqhubeka, inokukhokelela ekwakhekeni kweendawo eziqinileyo kwimisipha, emiphungeni, emqaleni, emehlweni, kwanasentliziyweni. Oku kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwezi zitho. Oku kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni okungapheliyo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, nokufa.

Yintoni eyona nto ibangela i-NSF?

I-NSF isenokuba ibangelwa kukuchatshazelwa zizinto ezikhankanyiweyo `(i-gadolinium-based contrast agents - GBCAs)`. Le khemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-gadolinium isetyenziselwa ukucacisa imifanekiso kwi-`(MRI)` scans. Akukacaci kakuhle ukuba i-gadolinium iyibangela njani i-NSF. Nangona kunjalo, kuyacaca ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo sezintso kunye ne-`(GBCAs)`. Kukwabonakalisiwe ukuba umngcipheko uyanda ukuba ubungakanani be-gadolinium enikwa umzimba buphezulu, okanye ukuba kusetyenziswa iintlobo ezithile ze-`(GBCAs)`.

I-NSF ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD) kunye nabo bakwi-dialysis ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.

Kodwa, khumbula, akukho matyala amatsha e-NSF axeliweyo phantse kwiminyaka eli-15!

Oku kungenxa yokuba ii-GBCA zangoku zizinzile kwaye azinabungozi kangako. Kwakhona, ukusetyenziswa kwe-gadolinium kuye kwathintelwa kubantu abanesifo sezintso. Kwane-FDA icebisa ukuba abantu abanesifo sezintso okanye iingxaki zezintso bangazisebenzisi ii-GBCA ezindala.

Ngubani onokuthi aphuhlise oku? (Izinto Ezinobungozi)

Eyona nto iphambili ebangela ukuba umntu abe ne-NSF sisifo sezintso okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Oku kuquka ukuba ukhe watyandwa izintso ngaphambili, ukuba ukhe wafakelwa izintso, okanye ukuba nentso enye kuphela. Kwakhona, ukuba umntu onesifo sezintso unezinye iimeko, ezifana neengxaki zokugalela igazi okanye usulelo, umngcipheko we-NSF unokuba phezulu kancinci.

Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha ngoku bayazi ngakumbi ngengozi enokubakho enokubangelwa zii-GBCA ezindala kubantu abangasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso. Ngoko ke, ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo ezikhoyo namhlanje, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nale meko uphantsi kakhulu.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-NSF?

Iingxaki ze-NSF zinokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibulale. Uphawu lokuqala kukuqina okanye ukuqina kolusu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko imeko isiya isiba mandundu, oku kuqina kunokuchaphazela amalungu kunye nemisipha emzimbeni. Umzekelo, izihlunu zakho kunye namalungu zinokuba nzima kangangokuba awukwazi ukuzishukumisa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kube nzima ukuhamba. Ukuba i-NSF ichaphazela imiphunga okanye intliziyo, inokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye iphazamise amandla entliziyo okupompa igazi.

Sichongwa njani esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-NSF kukwenza i-skin biopsy. Oku kuquka ukuba ugqirha athathe isampuli encinci yolusu lwakho aze ayithumele kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha uya kuyalela olu vavanyo kuphela ukuba, emva kokuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango nokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, banesikrokro esifanelekileyo sokuba unokuba une-NSF.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-NSF?

Enyanisweni, okwangoku akukho nyango luthile luvunyiweyo lwe-NSF. Ngenxa yokuba esi sifo sinqabile, uphando malunga nonyango lulinganiselwe. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango olumbalwa oluye lwabikwa ukuba lunika isiqabu kwabanye abaguli be-NSF:

• Emva kwe-MRI, i-dialysis inokususa i-gadolinium emzimbeni. Oku kunokuba luncedo kubantu abanesifo sezintso esingapheliyo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho bungqina bokuba oku kuya kuyimisa ngokupheleleyo inkqubela ye-NSF.
• Unyango lomzimba lunokunceda ukugcina ukuguquguquka kunye nokuhamba kwamalungu.
• Ukufakelwa izintso lukhetho olunokuthi luqwalaselwe ngabanye abaguli be-NSF.

Ukuba unesifo sezintso, kungcono ukuphepha ukudibana ne-gadolinium. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha i-gadolinium inokuba yimfuneko ukuze ufumane imifanekiso emihle kwi-MRI. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha kufuneka balinganise iingenelo ze-MRI ngokuthelekisa neengozi zokudibana ne-gadolinium. Ukuba unengxaki yezintso kwaye ugqirha wakho uyalela i-MRI enedayi, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba usengozini ye-NSF.

Ngaba zikho iindlela zokuphepha i-NSF? (Ukuthintela)

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-NSF kukuphepha ukusebenzisa ii-GBCA ezindala kubantu abanesifo sezintso. Ii-GBCA ezintsha zikhuselekile kwaye azinabungozi kangako kwizigulana zezintso.

I-FDA icebisa ukuba abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zezintso bangasebenzisi iidayi ezine-gadolinium ngaphandle kokuba akukho ndlela yimbi.

Kubantu abanomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wezintso, kubonakala ngathi akukho mngcipheko wokusebenzisa ii-GBCA.

Lithini izinga lokufa ngenxa ye-NSF?

Ngaphambi kowama-2019, i-FDA yayixele iimeko ezingama-3,094 ze-NSF kunye nokufa okunxulumene noko ezingama-742. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, akukho matyala matsha axeliweyo kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-10. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba i-FDA kunye noluntu lwezonyango bayazi ngemiphumo ye-GBCA kwizigulana zezintso.

Sifanele sifune nini ingcebiso yezonyango?

Ukuba unesifo sezintso kwaye ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza kuba zinokuba luphawu lwe-NSF:

• Ukuqina okanye ukuqina kolusu.
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo okanye oluvuvukileyo.
• Amabala abomvu okanye amnyama eluswini.

Ngenxa yeenkqubo zokhuseleko ezikhoyo ngoku, amathuba okuba ufunyaniswe une-NSF aphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesifo sezintso kwaye kufuneka wenze i-MRI, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga ne-NSF kunye neengozi ezikuyo. Nangona ii-GBCA ezintsha zingenobungozi kwaye zibonakala zikhuselekile, kusoloko kuyinto elungileyo ukwabelana ngembali yakho yempilo nogqirha wakho kwaye nixoxe ngemingcipheko.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, ngoku uyaqonda ngcono into ebesithetha ngayo, NSF. Masiphinde sichaze ezona zinto zibalulekileyo:

• I-NSF sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu, ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo sezintso, kwaye sinokubangelwa zii-MRI contrast agents ezindala.
• Akukho matyala matsha e-NSF abikiweyo ngoku. Oku kungenxa yokusetyenziswa kwee-contrast agents ezintsha ezikhuselekileyo kunye nokwaziwa koogqirha.
• Iimpawu eziphambili kukuqina kwesikhumba, ukuqina, ukurhawuzelela, kunye neengxaki zamalungu.
• Ukuba unesifo sezintso, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga needayi ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nomngcipheko we-NSF ngaphambi kokuba wenze i-MRI.
• Akukho nto yokoyika, kuba ngeendlela ezikhoyo ngoku, le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela.

Ukunyamekela impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo, ungaze ulibazise ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.

I- Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, isifo sezintso, i-MRI scan, i-gadolinium, izifo zesikhumba, ii-GBCA, izifo ezingaqhelekanga