Ngaba ukhathazekile ngamaqhuma okanye amaqhuma emzimbeni wakho? La asenokuba zii-neurofibromas. Masithethe ngawo!

Ngaba wakha waphawula amaqhuma amancinci okanye amaqhuma emzimbeni wakho, nokuba angaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu kwesikhumba? Okanye wakha wambona umntu omaziyo enawo? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona la maqhuma. Kodwa ayizizo zonke amaqhuma ayingozi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngolunye uhlobo lweqhuma, oluyimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibroma. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.

Yintoni iNeurofibroma?

Ngamafutshane, i-neurofibroma sisimila esingenabungozi esikhula kwiiseli zakho zemithambo-luvo. Enyanisweni ngomnye weqela leemeko ezingaqhelekanga zemfuza ezibizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibromatosis. Abanye abantu abazalwa bene-neurofibromatosis banokufumana ezi zimila eluswini, phantsi kolusu, okanye ngaphakathi emzimbeni.

Kodwa nantsi into, uninzi lwee-neurofibromas azibangeli naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo . Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ziyakhula kancinci, zinokuchaphazela imithambo-luvo emininzi kwaye zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Kwimeko enjalo, oogqirha baya kuzisusa ngotyando.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

Enyanisweni, abantu bazalwa benezi neurofibromas. Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba, xa ezi tumors ziqala ukuvela, kungathatha iminyaka. Uninzi lwexesha, zibonakala ngokucacileyo ngexesha lokufikisa.

Ngokwezibalo, malunga nomnye kubantwana abangama-3,000 unokuba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) . Sidla ngokufunyaniswa singekafiki kwiminyaka eli-10. Malunga nama-25% abantwana abane-NF1, okanye omnye kwabane, banokuba neethumba ezinokuba nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu.

I-neurofibroma ichaphazela njani umzimba wethu?

Indlela ii-neurofibromas ezichaphazela ngayo umntu ngamnye iyahluka kakhulu. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba, ukuba likhulu kangakanani, kwaye lifumaneka phi emzimbeni.

• Kwabanye abantu, ezi zibonakala ngathi ziziqwenga ezincinci okanye amabala esikhumba esityebileyo.
• Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu abane-neurofibromas ezinkulu, zinokuchaphazela amalungu abo angaphakathi kwanomqolo.

Cinga ngayo, ngamanye amaxesha ifana nebhola encinci eyakhayo emzimbeni. Isiphumo sayo sixhomekeke ekubeni ikuphi.

Ngaba la maqhuqhuva angaba ngumhlaza?

Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi. Uninzi lwee-neurofibromas azibi yingozi. Azinabungozi.

Kodwa,Kukho uhlobo olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yiPlexiform neurofibromas. Malunga ne-10% yolu hlobo, okanye malunga nenye kwishumi, inokuba ngumhlaza. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugqirha akuhlole ukuba uneqhuma elinje.

Zithini iimpawu ze-Neurofibroma?

Iimpawu ze-neurofibroma ziyahluka. Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, zixhomekeke kuhlobo, ubungakanani, kunye nendawo yethumba. Okumangalisayo kukuba, abanye abantu abane-neurofibroma basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela iimeko ezifana nokukhubazeka okanye ubumfama.

Makhe sijonge ezi ntlobo ze-neurofibromas kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nazo:

Ii-neurofibromas ezikufutshane

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-cutaneous neurofibromas.

• Ezi zinokubonakala njengeziqwenga ezincinci emzimbeni wonke .
• Ezi zihlandlo zenzeka kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40 ubudala.
• La maqhuqhuva anokurhawuzelela kwaye anokuba buhlungu xa ecinezelwe .

Ii-neurofibromas ezisasazekileyo

Le yenye ekwihlobo olufanayo lwe-cutaneous neurofibroma.

• Ezi zidla ngokubonakala entloko nasentanyeni .
• Ibonakala ngathi yindawo etyebileyo nephakanyisiweyo phezu kolusu.
• Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa okanye uziva ngathi awunanto xa uyichukumisa.

I-Plexiform neurofibromas

Olu hlobo lwe-neurofibroma lukhula kumaqela eemithambo-luvo.

• Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu ebantwaneni abane-Neurofibromatosis Type 1.
• Ezi zihluma zinokukhula zibe nkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibonakale njengeziqhuma ezinkulu kakhulu eluswini okanye phantsi kwesikhumba sabantwana.
• Ezi zinokubangela uxinzelelo kumqolo okanye kwimithambo-luvo ejikeleze umzimba, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana nokukhubazeka , ubuthathaka, kunye nokungaziva mnandi .
• Kwabanye abantwana abane-Plexiform neurofibromas, uxinzelelo lwala mathumba emgogodleni lunokubangela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-scoliosis . Kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku, kuba njengabazali, kufuneka sibe novelwano kakhulu xa into efana nale ichaphazela umntwana.

Zibukeka njani ezi ziqhuma? (Imbonakalo)

Ii-neurofibroma tumors, ezikhula phezu okanye phantsi kwesikhumba, zibonakala zahlukile kakhulu kwi-plexiform neurofibromas, ezikhula nzulu emzimbeni.

• Ii-neurofibromas ezikufutshane / ii-neurofibromas zesikhumba:La ngamaqhuqhuva anombala wesikhumba (ii-nodules) . Ahlala efumaneka esiqwini, entloko, entanyeni, ezingalweni, nasemilenzeni. Alingana nobukhulu be-pea . Athambile xa uwachukumisa kwaye anoburhabaxa obuthambileyo . Ukuba ucinezela iqhuqhuva elinje, liya kutshona eluswini, kwaye xa ususa isandla sakho, liya kuphuma kwakhona. Oogqirha bakubiza oku ngokuthi "luphawu lwe-buttonhole." Kubukeka njengomngxuma kwihempe apho kufakwa khona iqhosha.
• Ii-neurofibromas ezisasazekayo: Ezi zinokubonakala ngathi yindawo ebomvu, ephakanyisiweyo eluswini .
• I-Plexiform neurofibromas: Ezi zinokubonakala njengeziqwenga ezinkulu zenyama ezikhutshiweyo emzimbeni. Oogqirha bazichaza “njengengxowa yeempethu phantsi kwesikhumba.” Ukuba ubona into efana nale, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni iNeurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1)?

I-Neurofibromatosis Uhlobo 1 (NF1) yimeko echaphazela malunga ne-1 kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezingama-3,300. I-Neurofibroma luphawu olunye nje lwesi sifo (NF1). Kukho nezinye iimpawu:

• Iindawo zeCafé-au-lait: Ezi ziindawo ezimdaka ngombala okhanyayo, ezinombala wekofu, ezinkulu. Ezi ndawo zinokuba nkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Ukukhula okungenabungozi okwakheka kwindawo enemibala yeliso (iris): Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba zii-nodules zeLisch.
• Iithumba ze-optic nerve: Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-optic pathway gliomas.

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha wabantwana ukuze akunike iingcebiso.

Zithini izizathu ze-neurofibroma?

I-Neurofibroma luphawu lwesifo i-neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Le meko ibangelwa kukuguquka okanye utshintsho kwi-gene ebizwa ngokuba yi-NF1 gene. I-NF1 gene inemiyalelo yokwenza iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibromin.

Ngoku khangela, le protein ebizwa ngokuba yiNeurofibromin ibaluleke kakhulu. Yiproteni yokuthintela ithumba . Oko kuthetha ukuba, yiyo ehlala ithintela iiseli ukuba zingakhuli ngokukhawuleza kwaye zahluleke ngokungalawulekiyo. Ikwenza njani oko? Kukho enye iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yiRas protein, enceda iiseli zikhule kwaye zahlule. Loo protein yeRas ilawulwa yiNeurofibromin.

Ngoko ke, xa loo gene `(NF1)` itshintshile, iyeka ukumisa ukukhula kweeseli. Emva koko iiseli ziyanda ngokungalawulekiyo kwaye zenze iithumba. Uyaqonda?

Le meko `(NF1)` inokudluliselwa ebantwaneni ukuba omnye wabazali une-genetic mutation. Abo bazali basenokuba bayifumene kubazali babo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokumangalisayo, ama-50% abantu abane-`(NF1)`, oko kukuthi, malunga nesiqingatha, abanayo imbali yentsapho yesi sifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba le meko inokwenzeka nokuba kukho utshintsho olutsha lwe-genetic.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Oogqirha badla ngokuqala benze uvavanyo lomzimba ukuze bafumanise i-neurofibroma. Oku kuthetha ukuba bayakujonga baze bajonge amaqhuma.

Ukongeza, iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana nezi zingasetyenziswa:

• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) kunye ne-MRI scan (i-MRI - i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Ezi mvavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukufumana iithumba ezincinci kakhulu. Zikwanceda ekufumaneni apho ithumba likhoyo kunye nokuba utyando luya kuzichaphazela na izicubu okanye amalungu omzimba angqongileyo.
• I-PET scan (i-Positron Emission Tomography scan): Olu vavanyo lunceda oogqirha ukuba bafumanise ukuba ithumba alinabungozi okanye linobungozi.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-neurofibroma?

Oogqirha baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga i-neurofibroma:

• Ukubeka esweni: Ukuba i-neurofibroma yakho ayibangeli ngxaki ingako, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uze kuhlolwa rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho.
• Utyando lweplastiki: Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lweplastiki ukususa amaqhuma angenabungozi eluswini okanye phantsi kwalo.
• Utyando: Ukuba une-neurofibroma ecinezela amathambo okanye amalungu omzimba wakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando lokususa ithumba elininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokonakalisa amalungu okanye izicubu zakho.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando lwe-neurofibroma ziyahluka ukusuka kutyando ukuya kolunye. Umzekelo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando lokususa iithumba zesikhumba zahlukile kwezotyando lokususa iithumba zomqolo. Ukuba uceba ukwenza utyando lwe-neurofibroma, kubalulekile ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki?

I-Neurofibroma yimeko yemfuza, ngoko ke kunzima ukuthintela ukukhula kwezi thumba .

Kuthekani ukuba ndine-neurofibroma?

Ngokubanzi, uninzi lwabantu abane-neurofibromas abachaphazeleki yile meko . Nangona kunjalo, abo bane-tumor ezininzi okanye ezinkulu banokuxhalaba ngenkangeleko yabo baze bazive ngathi ichaphazela umgangatho wobomi babo. Ukuba unale meko, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga notyando lokususa ii-tumor ezibonakalayo ezikwenza uzive ungakhululekanga kwaye uzixhalabele. Ii-neurofibromas azifane zibuye emva kotyando.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ukuba ndine-neurofibroma?

Ii-Neurofibromas zii -tumor ezingenobungozi, kwaye azifane zibangele iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo . Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanee-neurofibromas ezininzi, okanye abo banee-tumor ezinkulu, ngamanye amaxesha banokuziva bexhalabile ngenkangeleko yabo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, utyando lunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo.

Ukufunyanwa unethumba elingelona libi kusenokungabi yinto eyoyikisayo okanye eyoyikisayo njengokufunyaniswa unethumba elinomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, nethumba elingelona libi njenge-neurofibroma linokuba nefuthe ebomini bakho.

Ezi zinokuchaphazela inkangeleko yakho. Abanye abantu bahlakulela ii-neurofibromas, ezinokukhula ngokwaneleyo ukuba zichaphazele amalungu kunye nezicubu ezikufutshane. Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-neurofibromas, buza ugqirha wakho malunga notyando lokususa ii-neurofibromas zakho.

Kwakhona, khumbula ukuba i-neurofibroma inokuba luphawu lwesifo esingaqhelekanga, esizuzwe njengelifa esibizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibromatosis, esinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba iqhuma lakho liluphawu lwe-neurofibromatosis.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Neurofibroma luhlobo lwethumba elivela kwiiseli zemithambo-luvo kwaye lidla ngokuba yingozi .
• Ezi zisenokuba luphawu lwesifo semfuza esibizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibromatosis.
• Nangona uninzi lwexesha ezi zinto zingabangeli iingxaki ezinkulu zempilo, ezinye iintlobo ezinkulu okanye ezithambileyo zinokubangela iingxaki .
• Ipesenti encinci yeentlobo zePlexiform isengozini yokuba nomhlaza .
• Iimpawu ziyahluka, ukususela kumaqhuqhuva eluswini, ukungaziva, iintlungu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwanomonakalo omkhulu wemithambo-luvo.
• Uxilongo lwenziwa ngokuhlolwa kwezonyango kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, nge-CT, i-MRI, kunye ne-PET scans.
• Unyango lujongwa, okanye utyando ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• EziAkunakuthintelwa kuba kungenxa yemfuza, kodwa iimpawu zinokulawulwa.
• Ukuba unesikrokro malunga neqhuma elinje, kungcono ungoyiki kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango .

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Ukuzazi ezi meko nokufumana uncedo lwezonyango oluyimfuneko kunokukunceda uhlale usempilweni.

i- neurofibroma, i-neurofibromatosis, i-NF1, amaqhuma esikhumba, iithumba zemithambo-luvo, amabala e-café-au-lait, izifo zemfuza