Ingaba le ntsholongwane ingaqhelekanga ichaphazela nemiphunga yakho? (Isifo seMiphunga se-NTM) Makhe sithethe ngokweenkcukacha!

Ngaba wakha weva ngohlobo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Nontuberculous Mycobacteria` (NTM) ebangela isifo semiphunga? Oku kunqabile kancinci, oko kuthetha ukuba asisisifo esifunyanwa ngumntu wonke. Ngamafutshane, esi sifo esibizwa ngokuba sisifo semiphunga se-NTM senzeka xa ezi ntsholongwane zibizwa ngokuba yi-NTM zingena emiphungeni yethu zize zibangele usulelo apho. Mhlawumbi eli gama litsha kuwe, kodwa ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, ngesiSinhala onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le NTM lung disease? Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba siyintoni esi sifo semiphunga se-NTM, kwaye ingaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zaso na. Olu luhlobo losulelo oluchaphazela imiphunga kuphela. Sibona iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zalo:

1. I-Nodular Bronchiectasis: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesi sifo kwaye alunazo iimpawu ezininzi . Ngokukodwa, yimeko apho kuvela khona amaqhuqhuva amancinci (amaqhuqhuva amancinci) emiphungeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-bronchi ikhule (i-bronchiectasis). Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abasele beyekile ukuya exesheni (oko kukuthi, abo bayekile ukuya exesheni) kunye nabantu abangatshayiyo . Nangona incinci, inokubangela iingxaki ukuba ayinyangwa.

2. Isifo semiphunga se-Cavitary NTM: Olu luhlobo olubi kakhulu lwesi sifo kunohlobo lwangaphambili. Sibonakaliswa kukukhula kancinci kwemingxuma, okanye imingxunya, kwizicubu zemiphunga yakho. Cinga ngaso njengeendawo ezincinci, ezingenanto emiphungeni yakho. Njengoko oku kuqhubeka, ukuphefumla kuya kuba nzima ngakumbi kwaye kunokukhokelela ekusileleni kokuphefumla . Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo, abo bebetshaya iminyaka emininzi, okanye abo banezinye izifo zemiphunga, ezifana ne-emphysema .

Ngoko ke yintoni le NTM?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwebhaktheriya i-NTM. `I-Nontuberculous mycobacteria` (NTM) lusapho lweebhaktheriya ezikhula kancinci, oko kuthetha ukuba aziphindaphindi kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza. Zifumaneka kuyo yonke indawo esikuyo ngokumangalisayo. Umzekelo, ezi bhaktheriya zinokufumaneka emhlabeni, emanzini (imilambo, imilambo, nkqu namanzi epompo), kunye nothuli . Ke ngoko, akunakwenzeka ukuba sikhululeke ngokupheleleyo kuzo.

Enye into ekhethekileyo ngezi ntsholongwane ze-NTM kukuba ziyamelana nezibulali-ntsholongwane eziqhelekileyo . Ukongeza, ezi ntsholongwane ze-NTM zinamandla amangalisayo okumelana nobushushu obuphezulu obunokubulala ezinye iintlobo zentsholongwane. Oku kuthetha ukuba azifi nokuba uzihlamba ngamanzi ashushu.

Ubunzima bolu sulelo, unyango olunikwayo, kunye nesantya sokuchacha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini eziphambili. Enye yile,Loluphi uhlobo lwebhaktiriya (`uhlobo`) olubangela usulelo? Olunye kukuba ingaba esi sifo si-`nodular bronchiectatic` okanye `cavitary` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili . Nangona kukho iintlobo ezininzi zebhaktiriya kusapho lwe-NTM, kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili ezibangela usulelo lwemiphunga ebantwini:

• I-Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC): Kumazwe afana ne-United States, izifo zemiphunga ze-NTM zihlala zibangelwa leli qela leebhaktheriya.
• I-Mycobacterium abscessus: Le ikwaluhlobo olunzima nolunzima ukulinyanga.
• `Mycobacterium kansasii`: Olu lolunye uhlobo.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana isifo semiphunga se-NTM?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abagula yintsholongwane ye-NTM. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo, okanye basengozini enkulu . Oko kukuthi, abantu abaneemeko ezithile ezinokubangela ukuba bafe banokuchaphazeleka. Ngokukodwa, ukuba unezinye izifo zemiphunga, unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo lwemiphunga lwe-NTM. Nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele:

• I-pneumonia ephindaphindayo: Abanye abantu bafumana usulelo lwemiphunga rhoqo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kubantu abaneengxaki ezifana ne-'aspirate pneumonia', apho izinto esiziphefumlayo (ezifana nokutya neziselo) zinokungena emiphungeni yethu zize zosulelwe .
• Isifuba somoya: Esi sisifo esixhaphakileyo kubantu abaninzi. Isifuba somoya senza iindlela zomoya ezikwimiphunga zibe buthathaka, nto leyo ebenza babe sesichengeni sosulelo lwe-NTM.
• I-Bronchiectasis: Kuthiwa le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela isifo semiphunga se-NTM. Kule meko, i-bronchi ( iindlela zomoya) emiphungeni ziyanda ngokusisigxina, zivuleke, kwaye iindonga zazo ziba buthathaka. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba i-mucus ibambeke, nto leyo edala indawo elungileyo yokuba iintsholongwane zikhule.
• Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD): Esi sisifo semiphunga esingapheliyo esixhaphakileyo kubantu abatshayayo.
• I-Cystic fibrosis: Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Sikwabangela ukuba i-mucus etyebileyo iqokeleleke emiphungeni, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiintsholongwane.
• Umhlaza wemiphunga: Ngenxa yokuba imiphunga yomntu onomhlaza wemiphunga ibuthathaka, usulelo olufana ne-NTM lunokukhula lula.
• Isifo Sephepha (TB): Abantu ababekhe baba nesifo sephepha baza bonakala imiphunga yabo nabo basengozini yokuba ne-NTM.

Ukongeza, ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala , okanye uneengxaki zempilo eziwenza buthathaka amasosha omzimba wakho (umz., intsholongwane yokudodobala kwamasosha omzimba (i-HIV) / i-AIDS , isifo samathambo esibangela ukudumba kwamalungu,Ukuba une-Sjögren's syndrome (ebangela iimpawu ezifana namehlo nomlomo owomileyo), okanye ukuba uthatha amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (umz., i-chemotherapy , ii-corticosteroids eziphefumlwayo kwiimeko ezifana ne-asthma), usengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo semiphunga se-NTM.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo semiphunga se-NTM?

Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa esi sifo semiphunga se-NTM siqala. Uphawu oluphambili olubonakala rhoqo kukukhwehlela . Olu khohlela alufani nje nokukhwehlela okuza nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Lulo:

• Ingahlala ixesha elide . Oko kuthetha ukuba ingahlala iiveki okanye iinyanga.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, xa ukhohlela, usenokukhupha igazi elincinci kunye nencindi yomchamo . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -'hemoptysis' ngokwezonyango.
• Ukukhohlela kunokuba nzima kakhulu kangangokuba awukwazi ukulala ebusuku. Ungavuka ukhohlela ngelixa ulele.
• I-mucus etyebileyo, mhlawumbi enemibala ingaphuma .

Ukongeza koku kukhwehlela, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu. Asinguye wonke umntu oza kuba nazo zonke ezi mpawu, kodwa usenokuba nazo ezinye zezi:

• Intlungu yesifuba: Usenokuziva intlungu esifubeni sakho xa uphefumla okanye ukhohlela.
• Ukudinwa/ukudinwa okugqithisileyo: Asikuko ukudinwa nje kuphela, kodwa kukuziva ungenakunceda nokuba wenza ntoni na.
• I-Anorexia: Ukuphelelwa ngumnqweno wokutya.
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi kunye nokungakhululeki: Asikomkhuhlane ophezulu, kodwa ubushushu bomzimba buhlala buphezulu.
• Ukubila ebusuku: Uvuka ubila umzimba wonke ngelixa ulele.
• Izifo zokuphefumla ezixhaphakileyo: Izifo ezifana ne-pneumonia zenzeka rhoqo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuba usebenzisa amandla amancinci okanye xa unyuka izinyuko.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo: Ukunciphisa umzimba ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokunciphisa umzimba.
• Isandi sokuphefumla xa uphefumla: Isandi sokuphefumla sivakala siphuma esifubeni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike iingcebiso ukuba unale mpawu, ingakumbi ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo.

Ingaba isifo semiphunga se-NTM siyasulela?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo nabafuna ukuwuva. Enyanisweni, iintsholongwane ze-NTM aziqhelekanga ukusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba uthetha nomntu one-NTM pneumonia okanye usela kwikomityi ayisebenzisileyo, awuyi kuyifumana. Ke ngoko, okwangoku kuyavunywa ukuba esi ayisosifo sisulelayo .

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into enye. Phakathi kwabantu abanesifo semfuza esithi "cystic fibrosis", ezinye izifo (abaphandi basaphanda ukuba ezi zifo ze-NTM nazo ziphakathi kwazo) azisasazeki rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwabantu ngokubanzi, akukho sizathu sokoyika ukusasazeka kwesifo semiphunga se-NTM.

Isifo semiphunga se-NTM sichongwa njani ngokuchanekileyo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukufumanisa isifo semiphunga se-NTM kunokuba nzima kuba iimpawu zaso azicaci. Oko kukuthi, zifana kakhulu nezezinye izifo zemiphunga ezixhaphakileyo (umz., i-pneumonia, isifo sephepha, i-bronchitis).

Ukuze kwenziwe uxilongo, kufuneka kuhlangatyezwane nezinto ezintathu ubuncinane:

1. Ukubakho kweempawu: Iimpawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.

2. Utshintsho kwi-X-ray yesifuba okanye kwi-CT scan: Olu vavanyo lukhangela amaqhuqhuva, imingxunya, okanye i-bronchiectasis emiphungeni.

3. Ukukhula kweebhaktheriya ze-NTM kwisampulu yesikhohlela: Isikhohlela osikhwehlelayo (esinokuxutywa namathe) sithathwa size sivavanywe kwilabhoratri ukuze kubonwe ukuba zikhona na iibhaktheriya ze-NTM kwaye ziyakhula kuyo.

Ukuba unosulelo, ukufumanisa ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwebhaktheriya ye-NTM olubangela ulosulelo kubalulekile ukuze ufumane unyango.

Ezinye zeemvavanyo ezenziweyo zoku zezi:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze amamele isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope.
• Izifundo zokujonga imifanekiso: I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan ukuvavanya utshintsho kwizicubu zemiphunga. I-CT scan inokubonelela ngomfanekiso ocacileyo kune-X-ray.
• Ukukhula kwe-sputum: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Into yokuqala kusasa, ngaphambi kokuba uhlambe amazinyo akho, kuya kufuneka ukhohlele isixa esikhulu se-sputum uze usifake kwibhotile ekhethekileyo. Ukuze uvavanyo luchaneke, kuya kufuneka unike isampuli iintsuku ezininzi (ngesiqhelo ubuncinane iintsuku ezintathu). Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba awukwazi ukukhohlela i-sputum ngokufanelekileyo, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha isampuli kwiindlela zomoya ezincinci ezisemiphungeni yakho esebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-bronchoscopy . Ingcali iya kuhlola isampuli phantsi kwe-microscope kwaye ihlalutye iintsholongwane.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Lung biopsy: Oku akwenzelwa wonke umntu. Ukuba isigqibo esicacileyo asifumaneki kuvavanyo lwe-sputum okanye kwezinye iimvavanyo, okanye ukuba kukho esinye isifo esirhanelekayo, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili emphungeni lize lihlolwe.

Yintoni enye ekufuneka uyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-NTM?

Kukho enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-NTM. Abantu abaninzi banesi sifo iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba baxilongwe.Esi sifo semiphunga se-NTM sinokubakho. Ngenxa yokuba iimpawu zibonakala kancinci kancinci, abanye abantu abayinaki loo nto. Okukhona unesi sifo ixesha elide, kokukhona umonakalo omkhulu emiphungeni yakho kwaye kokukhona umngcipheko wakho weengxaki uphezulu.

Ukuba sele unyangelwa esinye isifo semiphunga (umz. i-asthma, i-COPD), kodwa iimpawu zakho (ezifana nokukhwehlela, ukuphefumla kancinci) ziya zisiba mandundu, ungazuza ngokuvavanywa usulelo lwe-NTM. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngale nto.

Unyango olungcono lwesi sifo luvela koogqirha abanolwazi olukhethekileyo namava kwesi sifo. Umzekelo , iingcali zemiphunga kunye noogqirha bezifo ezisulelayo .

Isifo semiphunga se-NTM sinyangwa njani?

Kulungile, masithethe ngonyango lwale nto. Unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe luxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbalwa. Ezi ziquka uhlobo lwebhaktheriya ye-NTM ebangela usulelo lwakho, uhlobo lwesifo semiphunga se-NTM onaso (i-nodular bronchiectatic okanye i-cavitary) , kunye nembali yakho yempilo iyonke kunye nemeko yempilo yangoku .

Ngokwesiqhelo, unyango oluphambili lwale nto zii -antibiotics . Kodwa eli asiloyeza nje olithathayo iintsuku ezisixhenxe okanye ezisibhozo uze uliyeke. La mayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kufuneka athathwe rhoqo kangangeenyanga ezininzi, ngamanye amaxesha unyaka okanye nangaphezulu . Rhoqo, asiyo-antibiotic enye kuphela, kodwa ziintlobo ezimbini okanye ezintathu ze-antibiotics ekufuneka zithathwe kunye .

Kwiimeko ezinzima zesifo, oko kuthetha ukuba imiphunga yonakele kakhulu kwaye kuye kwavela imingxunya, ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe izicubu zemiphunga ezinentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, oku akwenzelwa wonke umntu. Ukuba ii-antibiotics azilawuli kakuhle isifo sakho, okanye ukuba awukwazi ukunyamezela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zee-antibiotics, oogqirha banokuthi bacinge ngotyando. Abantu abanosulelo lweMycobacterium avium complex (MAC) ngamanye amaxesha banokopha emiphungeni ngenxa yolu sulelo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kumiswe ukopha.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwe-NTM?

Ewe, nalo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo. Ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elide, oko kukuthi, kangangeenyanga, kunokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga . Ezona ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu
• Urhudo (intlungu yesisu)
• Umnqweno wokutya
• Isisu esibuhlungu

Ukongeza, ezinye ii-antibiotics (hayi zonke) zinokubangela utshintsho lokuva (njengokuncipha kokuva), utshintsho lokubona (njengokubona okufipheleyo), umonakalo wesibindi, kunye nokurhawuzelelwa lusu.Izinto ezinjalo azifane zenzeke.

Ungakhathazeki! Ugqirha wakho uza kukwazisa ngezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga. Kwakhona, ngexesha lonyango, uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi, uvavanyo lwamehlo, kunye novavanyo lokuva luya kwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kujongwe ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga.

Ezi ngxaki zinokwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unengxaki yokuqhubeka nonyango lwakho, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukutshintsha idosi, akunike amayeza ahlukileyo, okanye asebenzise ezinye iindlela zokulawula iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba iintsholongwane zingabi namandla kumayeza, nto leyo enokwenza imeko yakho ibe mandundu.

Ngaba isifo semiphunga se-NTM singathintelwa?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, kunzima ukukuphepha ngokupheleleyo ukuchatshazelwa yintsholongwane ye-NTM kuba ifumaneka kakhulu kwindawo esihlala kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezilula onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana usulelo lwemiphunga ye-NTM:

• Ziqhelise ucoceko: Ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo kunokunceda ekulawuleni ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya ze-NTM. Kukwanciphisa amathuba okufumana usulelo ukuba uchaphazeleka yile bhaktheriya.
• Gonyelwa: Kubalulekile ukufumana ugonyo lomkhuhlane minyaka le kunye nogonyo lwe-pneumonia njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Kuba ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane okanye i-pneumonia, ukuchacha kwisifo semiphunga se-NTM kunokuba nzima kwaye imiphunga yakho inokuba buthathaka nangakumbi.
• Yeka ukutshaya neemveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo: Ukusebenzisa icuba kuyingozi kakhulu emiphungeni. Kuyonyusa kakhulu umngcipheko wezifo zemiphunga kunye nosulelo olufana ne-NTM. Ukuba ungumntu otshayayo, ukuyeka yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kwimiphunga yakho. Ukuba ufuna uncedo ngale nto, thetha nogqirha.

Liyintoni ikamva labantu abanesifo semiphunga se-NTM?

Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko yomntu. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi, ingakumbi abo banesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'non-cavitary' (esingenamingxunya, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mingxunya emiphungeni), bayaphila ngokupheleleyo. Amathuba akho kunye nesantya sokuchacha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nezi:

• Uhlobo lwesifo semiphunga se-NTM onaso (umz., i-nodular bronchiectasis okanye i-cavitary?).
• Luluphi uhlobo lwebhaktheriya ye-NTM olubangele usulelo? (Ezinye iintlobo zisabela ngcono kunyango kunezinye.)
• Imbali yakho yempilo iyonke (njengezinye izifo, amajoni omzimba, njl.njl.).
• Ingaba unganyamezela unyango lwe-antibiotics oluhlala ixesha elide (ingxaki ukuba kufuneka uyeke amayeza ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga).
• Uza kufumana amayeza afanelekileyo okubulala iintsholongwane, afanelekileyo kwisifo sakho kunye nohlobo lwebhaktheriya.
• Ukuba une-bronchiectasis, ubuchule bakho kunye nokuzimisela kwakho ukwenza unyango lokucoca umoya (njengokuzilolonga ukuze ucoce umhluzi) kubalulekile.

Kubalulekile: Nokuba unyango luphumelele, abanye abantu banokuba nokuphinda babuye isifo semiphunga se-NTM. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Yintoni ebalulekileyo xa uphila nesifo semiphunga se-NTM?

Ukuphila nosulelo lwemiphunga olubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-NTM ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezilula nezisebenzayo onokuzenza ukuze uhlale usempilweni kwaye ukhululekile kangangoko:

• Kuphephe ukufuma kunye nomphunga: Iibhaktheriya ze-NTM ziyachuma kwiindawo ezimanzi. Ngoko ke, kuphephe ukusebenzisa iibhafu ezishushu, iispa, kunye neesauna kangangoko unako. Ukuba usekhitshini okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ukuba umphunga uyanda, vula 'ifeni yokungenisa umoya' / 'ifeni yokukhupha umoya'. Xa uhlamba, musa ukuyeka amanzi ephuma ixesha elide kwaye uzalise igumbi lokuhlambela ngomphunga.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Ukugcina ukutya kwakho kulungelelene kwaye kunesondlo kuya kunika umzimba wakho amandla kunye nezondlo ozidingayo ukulwa nosulelo. Faka iiproteni ezininzi (intlanzi, inyama, amaqanda, ubisi, amandongomane), ulwelo (amanzi, isuphu, ijusi yeziqhamo), kunye nemifuno kunye neziqhamo ekutyeni kwakho.
• Yenza imithambo ecetyiswa ngugqirha wakho: Imisebenzi elula yomzimba (njengokuhamba) inokukhulula i-mucus emiphungeni yakho kwaye yenze kube lula ukuyikhwehlela. Ingaphucula namandla akho kunye nokunyamezela kwakho. Nangona kunjalo, buza ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yezonyango malunga nemithambo efanelekileyo kuwe.
• Nxiba imaski yobuso ukuba kuyimfuneko: Ekubeni iintsholongwane ze-NTM zingaphila eluthulini nasemhlabeni, ukunxiba imaski yobuso xa undwendwela iindawo ezifana neengca ezisandula ukuchetywa, iindawo ezisandula ukuhlanjwa, iifama, kunye neendawo ezinothuli kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuvezwa rhoqo kwi-NTM ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile.

Masiyise lo myalezo ekhaya.

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngesifo semiphunga se-NTM. Ukuqukumbela, nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

Isifo semiphunga se-NTM sisifo semiphunga esibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktheriya (`Nontuberculous Mycobacteria`) ekhula kancinci kwindawo esikuyo, njengomhlaba namanzi. Abantu abanezinye izifo zemiphunga (ingakumbi `Bronchiectasis`) kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo.

Kunokuba nzima ukuxilonga nokunyanga, njengoko iimpawu zifana nezinye izifo zemiphunga kwaye unyango lunokuthatha ixesha elide.Abantu abaninzi bayachacha ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso.

Ukuba unesi sifo, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba usengozini yokuba naso, ukuphepha ukufuma, ukugcina ucoceko olufanelekileyo, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukunxiba imaski yobuso xa uphuma ngaphandle kwiindawo ezinothuli kunokuba luncedo kakhulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, i-phlegm enegazi, ukuphefumla kancinci, okanye ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, musa ukuyithatha njengento engaqhelekanga, kodwa bonana nogqirha ofanelekileyo ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike iingcebiso. Ungakhathazeki, ngokuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, le meko ingalawuleka kakuhle. Awuwedwa, kwaye oogqirha bakhona ukukunceda.

Isifo semiphunga se - NTM, iintsholongwane ze-nontuberculous mycobacteria, usulelo lwemiphunga, iintsholongwane, isifo sokuphefumla, ukukhwehlela, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane