Ingaba umntwana wakho une-birthmark? Makhe sithethe ngayo!

Njengomama, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nexhala xa ubona ibala elincinci okanye umbala oguqukayo eluswini lomntwana wakho, akunjalo? Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba 'ziimpawu zokuzalwa'. Nangona ezinye zazo ziphela nje, kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka ukhathazeke kancinci ngazo. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngezi mpawu zokuzalwa namhlanje ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda, kulungile?

Zithini ii-birthmarks?

Ngamafutshane, uphawu lokuzalwa libala okanye isiphene esibakho eluswini, nokuba lusana lusesesibelekweni okanye emva kokuzalwa. Luza ngazo zonke iimo, imibala, kunye nobukhulu. Ezinye zikwinqanaba elifanayo nolusu, ngelixa ezinye zikhuliswe. Ezinye zinemiphetho egudileyo, ngelixa ezinye zinemiphetho engacwangciswanga. Kuyafana nangombala; zinokuqala kumdaka, mdaka okhanyayo, mnyama, kunye noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka olukhanyayo ukuya kupinki, bomvu, kunye nomfusa. Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lweempawu zokuzalwa azinabungozi. Uninzi luya kuphela okanye lunciphe ngokuhamba kwexesha. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, ezinye iimpawu zokuzalwa zinokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iingxaki zempilo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ezi mpawu zokuzalwa.

Kutheni le nto ezi birthmarks zenzeka?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Kutheni oku kwenzeke kumntwana wam? Ngaba ndenze into engalunganga ngexesha lokukhulelwa?" Musa ukuvumela loo nto ikulahlekise. Inyaniso kukuba, oogqirha abasazi isizathu esichanekileyo seempawu zokuzalwa ezininzi. Azinakuthintelwa. Azibangelwa yinto oyenzileyo okanye ongayenzanga ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Azibangelwa kukwenzakala okuncinci okanye ukwenzakala eluswini xa unomntwana. Ezinye iintlobo zeempawu zokuzalwa zihlala kwiintsapho, kodwa akukho sizathu esithile semfuza esifunyenweyo okwangoku. Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki ngayo, ayilotyala lakho.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeempawu zokuzalwa?

Iimpawu zokuzalwa zinokwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili. Zahlukile kwindlela ezidaleka ngayo, ngoko ke zahlukile kwinto ezibangela zona.

• Iimpawu zokuzalwa zemithambo yegazi : Ezi zibangelwa yimithambo yegazi emincinci emzimbeni wethu engenzi kakuhle. Nokuba imithambo yegazi emininzi kakhulu iqokelelene ndawonye, ​​okanye ibanzi kwaye inkulu kunesiqhelo.
• Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala: Ezi zibangelwa ziiseli ezinika umbala kulusu lwethu (iiseli zemibala) ezikhula kakhulu kwindawo enye, oko kukuthi, zihlangana.

Ngoku masithethe ngeentlobo nganye kwezi ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.

Masiqale sithethe ngee-vascular birthmarks.

Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zeempawu zokuzalwa zii-macular stains, ii-hemangiomas, kunye nee-port-wine stains. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni nganye kwezi.

Amabala e-macular okanye 'amabala e-salmon'

Abanye abantu babiza ezi 'salmon patches', 'angel kisses' okanye 'stork bites'. Ezi zezona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo zeempawu zokuzalwa ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi. Zibomvu kancinci, ngamanye amaxesha zipinki. Zihlala zifumaneka ebunzini, ngaphezulu kweenkophe, ngasemva kwentamo (ekwabizwa ngokuba ziinyawo zeqhubu), ngaphezulu kwempumlo, kumlebe ophezulu okanye ngasemva kwentloko. Khumbula ukuba ezi ndawo zinokuba mnyama xa umntwana ekhala okanye esenza umzamo omncinci. Musa ukoyika oku. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi ndawo ziya kuphela xa umntwana eneminyaka enye okanye emibini ubudala. Amanye amabala ngasemva kwentamo anokuhlala ixesha elide, mhlawumbi de abe mdala. Kodwa aziyongxaki.

IiHemangioma okanye 'iimpawu zestrawberry'

IiHemangioma luhlobo lweempawu zokuzalwa abanye abantu abazibiza ngokuba 'ziimpawu zestrawberry' kuba zifana neestrawberry xa zingaphezulu kwesikhumba. Zibizwa ngokuba yi-"superficial hemangioma" xa zingaphezulu kwesikhumba, "deep hemangioma" xa ziphantsi kwesikhumba, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi-"compound hemangioma" xa zikwiilaya zombini. IHemangioma sisiqwenga esincinci, esiphakanyisiweyo sesikhumba esinokuba bomvu obumnyama. Cinga ngaso njengestrawberry encinci. Zihlala zingabonakali de kube ziintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iiveki emva kokuzalwa, kwaye emva koko ziyavela. IiHemangioma ezinzulu, ezingaphantsi kwesikhumba, zinokubonakala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuba zidibene nemithambo yegazi kwiilaya ezinzulu zesikhumba. Into ebalulekileyo malunga neeHemangioma kukuba zikhula ngokukhawuleza kwiinyanga ezi-6 zokuqala zobomi bomntwana. Oomama bayoyika xa beyibona. Kodwa, emva koko, zihlala zincipha, zibe ncinci, kwaye zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo phakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-10. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-hemangiomas ezinkulu, xa zincipha, zinokushiya inkangeleko engaqhelekanga eluswini, oko kukuthi, isilonda esincinci. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, oku kunokulungiswa kamva ngotyando oluncinci. Ezinye zishiya umbala obomvu eluswini, onokuncedwa ngonyango olukhethekileyo lwe-laser. Nangona zinokuvela naphi na emzimbeni, zihlala zibonakala entloko okanye entanyeni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba zikufutshane namehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuphazamisana nezinto ezifana nokubona, ukuphefumla, kunye nokutya. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ugqirha uya kunyanga.

Amabala ewayini yePort-wine

La ngamabala abonakala ngathi iwayini ebomvu ichithekile emzimbeni. Yiyo loo nto afumana igama lawo. Ahlala ebonakala ebusweni, entanyeni, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni. La mabala ewayini ye-port-wine angaba nangayiphi na isayizi, ukusuka kwichaphaza elincinci ukuya kwichaphaza elikhulu. Kodwa kukho into ekhethekileyo ngawo,Ezi zikhula kuphela njengoko umntwana ekhula, oko kukuthi, ngokukhula komntwana. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ziba mnyama, kwaye ukuba azinyangwa, xa ziphakathi kweminyaka, zinokuba rhabaxa kwaye zivakale ngathi ziingqalutye. Ezi azisoze ziphele zodwa, kwaye kubalulekile ukukhumbula oko. Oogqirha baxhalabile ngakumbi ngamabala e-port-wine kufutshane namehlo, ukuze babone ukuba abangela naziphi na iingxaki emehlweni. Ukuba la mabala akwiindawo ezithile zobuso, banokufuna ukwenza ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-MRI scan, ukuze babone ukuba kukho na impembelelo engqondweni.

Ngoku makhe sijonge ii-birthmarks ezinombala.

Ezona mpawu zokuzalwa zixhaphakileyo zolu hlobo, ezibangelwa ziiseli ezinika umbala eluswini, zii-'Café-au-lait' spots, 'amabala aseMongolia', kunye nento esiyibiza ngokuba zii-moles, ezibizwa ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'congenital nevi'.

Iindawo zeCafé-au-lait

La ngamabala axhaphakileyo. Eli gama lithetha "ikofu enobisi," ngenxa yombala wamabala. Angabonakala naphi na emzimbeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, la mabala anokwanda ngenani. Kulungile ukuba namabala elinye okanye amabini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho unamabala amathandathu (6) okanye ngaphezulu e-café-au-lait, amakhulu kune-pencil eraser (yomntwana omncinci) okanye amakhulu kunekota (yomntwana omdala kancinci), kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo. Kuba, khumbula, ukuba namabala amaninzi kunokuba luphawu lwemeko yemfuza ebizwa ngokuba yi-neurofibromatosis. Le meko ibangela ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zemithambo-luvo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona amaninzi amabala.

Iindawo zaseMongolia

La ngamabala asicaba, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ngwevu. Nangona ebonakala ngathi yimivumbo, ayiyomivumbo. Ahlala ebonakala ezinqeni okanye emqolo ongezantsi. Aqheleke kakhulu kubantwana abanesikhumba esimnyama baseAsia, eIndiya yaseMelika, eAfrika, eHispanic, naseMazantsi Yurophu. Abantwana abaninzi kwilizwe lethu nabo banawo. Azidingi naluphi na unyango, kwaye zihlala ziphela ngokupheleleyo xa sele bekwiminyaka yesikolo, kwaye azinabungozi.

Iimoles/i-nevi yokuzalwa

Sidla ngokubiza amabala amdaka 'e-birthmarks', aziwa ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'nevi' (isininzi) okanye 'nevus' (isinye). Uninzi lwabantu lufumana la mabala ngaxesha lithile ebomini babo. Indawo ekhoyo ekuzalweni ibizwa ngokuba yi-'congenital nevus', kwaye ihlala ubomi bonke. Nangona la mabala ehlala engenabungozi, i-nevi enkulu kakhulu okanye enkulu yokuzalwa, oko kukuthi, amabala amakhulu njengesundu, anokuthi akhule abe yi-'melanoma', umhlaza wolusu, kamva.Nangona kunjalo, kwanaloo mngcipheko mncinane. Kusenokubakho umngcipheko omncinci kakhulu ovela kwiinduli ezincinci, ezizalwa nazo, kodwa nawo umncinci kakhulu. La mabala anokuba mdaka okhanyayo, mdaka omnyama, okanye amnyama; anokuba tyaba okanye aphakame; ngamanye amaxesha anokuba neenwele ezikhula kuwo.

Indlela yokuphatha ii-birthmarks?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zonke ezi ndawo kufuneka zinyangwe. Hayi, azinyangwa. Amabala e-macular, okanye amabala e-salmon, adla ngokunyamalala ngokwawo. Ezo zingasemva kwentamo zinokuhlala ixesha elide, kodwa azibonakali kakhulu kwaye aziyongxaki. Uninzi lwezinye iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinxulumene nemithambo yegazi zinokunyangwa ukuba kuyimfuneko. Amabala e-Port-wine kunye namanye ama-hemangioma anokuchaphazela abantwana ngokweemvakalelo kuba achaphazela inkangeleko yabo, ingakumbi ukuba asebusweni. Amabala e-hemangioma amancinci kwiindawo ezingabonakaliyo kakhulu adla ngokungadingi unyango. Kuba, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwawo luyancipha ngokwawo xa umntwana eneminyaka eli-10 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha banyanga ama-hemangioma amakhulu kwaye abonakalayo. Amanye amayeza (afana ne-propranolol kunye ne-steroids) afakwa ngqo kwi-hemangioma, amanye anikwa nge-intravenously (nge-IV), kwaye amanye athathwa ngomlomo. Abantwana abane-port-wine stains banokungenelwa kunyango lwe-laser. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ukukhanya okuphezulu (i-laser) ukukhanyisa umbala webala. Amabala amaninzi anokukhanyiswa emva konyango oluninzi ngohlobo lwelaser olubizwa ngokuba yi-pulsed-dye laser. Amanye amabala anokuphinda avele, nto leyo edinga unyango olongezelelekileyo. Unyango lwelaser ludla ngokuqaliswa xa umntwana esemncinci, ngesiqhelo eneenyanga ezimbalwa ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba amabala kunye nemithambo yegazi zisencinci, ngoko ke iziphumo zilungile. Amabala entloko nasentanyeni asabela kakuhle kunyango lwelaser. Izithambiso ezikhethekileyo, okanye izinto zokuthambisa, zinokugquma okwethutyana ibala le-port-wine. Amabala okuzalwa anombala adla ngokunganyangwa kwaye ashiywa ukuba akhule. Nangona kunjalo, ii-congenital moles, ingakumbi ezinkulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha amabala e-café-au-lait, esixoxe ngawo ngaphambili, ayanyangwa. Oogqirha banokususa la mabala okuzalwa ngotyando, ngakumbi i-nevi enkulu okanye enkulu yokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukususa amakhulu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi, kwaye kunokufuna iinkqubo ezininzi. Nangona amabala e-café-au-lait anokususwa ngonyango lwelaser, anokubuya.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kungcono ukubonisa ugqirha uphawu lokuzalwa kwangoko nje ukuba ulubona emzimbeni womntwana wakho ukuze afumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo, ukuba lufuneka lubekwe esweni na, nokuba lufuna unyango okanye akunjalo. Ukongeza,

Igazi elivela kuphawu lokuzalwaUkuba ikhupha amanzi, ibuhlungu, iyarhawuzelela, okanye ibomvu, idumbile, okanye ikhupha ubovu , ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Njengakweyiphi na inxeba elophayo, hlamba inxeba ngesepha namanzi, ufake ibhandeji ecocekileyo ye-gauze, kwaye ufake uxinzelelo de ukopha kuphele. Ukuba ukopha akuyeki, tsalela umnxeba ugqirha. Ngamanye amaxesha i-hemangiomas inokuvelisa izilonda ezivulekileyo kwezinye iindawo, ezinokuthi zosuleleke. Iimpawu zokuzalwa ezinombala aziqhelekanga kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ii-moles eziqhelekileyo, ngakumbi i-nevi yokuzalwa, kufuneka zijongwe utshintsho kubungakanani, umbala, imo, kunye nokuphakama ubomi bonke. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olubalulekileyo, xelela ugqirha wakho .

Yintoni enye ofuna ukuyazi?

Xa ubona uphawu lokuzalwa kusana olusandul’ ukuzalwa, ingakumbi ukuba lukhulu okanye kwindawo ebonakalayo njengobuso, usenokuziva wothukile kwaye ulusizi ekuqaleni. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Ukuba uphawu lokuzalwa lukwindawo ebonakalayo, abanye abantu banokubuza imibuzo ngalo baze balujonge ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Lunokuba buhlungu kancinci. Ngamaxesha anjalo, kuya kukunceda ukuba ube nempendulo elula engqondweni yokubanika yona. Uninzi lwabantu alukwenzi ngenxa yobubi, banomdla nje. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba bawela umgca baze babuze imibuzo, okanye ukuba bayalimaza, unelungelo lokubaxelela loo nto ngendlela enobubele. Khumbula, kwasebuntwaneni, abantwana bajonga indlela abazali babo abajongana ngayo neemeko ezinjalo nendlela abathetha ngayo. Yileyo ndlela abafunda ngayo ukujongana neempendulo zabanye abantu. Ukuthetha nabantwana ngophawu lokuzalwa ngokulula nangokucacileyo kubanceda ukuba balwamkele njengenxalenye yabo, njengombala weenwele zabo okanye umbala wamehlo abo. Ukuba umntu ubuza ngalo, mnike impendulo elula. Umzekelo, into efana nokuthi, "Olu luphawu lokuzalwa nje. Ndazalwa nalo." Kwakhona, ukuba nomntwana ongqongwe lusapho nabahlobo abamphatha njengomntu oqhelekileyo, abamthandayo, nabamxhasayo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana kunye nokuzithemba kwakhe.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi iimyalezo eziphambili esifanele sizithathe kweli bali?

Kulungile, masikhumbule amanqaku abaluleke kakhulu kwinto esithethe ngayo.

• Uninzi lweempawu zokuzalwa azinabungozi, kwaye ezininzi ziyaphela ngokwazo. Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki ngokungeyomfuneko.
• Isizathu seempawu zokuzalwa asiqhelekanga ukubonwa, kwaye asinakuthintelwa. Musa ukuziva unetyala ngaloo nto.
• Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeempawu zokuzalwa: ezinemithambo yegazi kunye nezinombala. Ngaphakathi kohlobo ngalunye, kukho ezinye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ngokubonisa zonke iimpawu zokuzalwa, nokuba zincinci, kugqirha uze ucele ingcebiso.
• Amanye amabala, anjenge-hemangiomas kunye namabala e-port-wine, anokufuna unyango, ingakumbi ukuba aphazamisana nembonakalo, umbono (ukuba ukufutshane neliso), ukutya (ukuba ukufutshane nomlomo), okanye ukuphefumla (ukuba ukufutshane nempumlo).
• Ukuba unamabala angaphezu kwe-6 e-café-au-lait, ukuba makhulu, okanye ukuba ubona utshintsho kubukhulu, umbala, okanye imo yee-moles zokuzalwa, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika umntwana onophawu lokuzalwa uthando lwakho, inkxaso, kunye nendawo eqhelekileyo neyonwabisayo .

Ndiyathemba ukuba oku kuyayiphendula imibuzo yakho emininzi malunga neempawu zokuzalwa. Ukuba uneminye imibuzo, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ugqirha wezingane.

---

Iimpawu zokuzalwa, Ulusu losana, Amabala olusu, iHemangioma, Unyango lweLaser