Yintoni i-diphtheria? Singathetha ngesi sifo siyingozi?

Ngaba wakha weva ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-diphtheria? Usenokuba wagonyelwa sona usengumntwana. Sisifo esiyingozi nesisasazeka kakhulu kwintsholongwane. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nge-diphtheria ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda. Kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinto ezinje.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-diphtheria? Ngubani onokuthi abe nayo?

Ngamafutshane, i-diphtheria sisifo esibangelwa luhlobo oluthile lwebhaktheriya. Sisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iimpawu zibonakala ngokukhawuleza. Sichaphazela kakhulu impumlo nomqala.

Khawucinge nje, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuphuhlisa oku.

• Kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala
• Kwabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala

Zombini ezi zinto zisengozini ethile.

Ayipheleli apho,

• Abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezixineneyo nezingenacoceko
• Abantu abanemeko yokungondleki kakuhle (oko kukuthi, abo bangafumani kutya naziselo zaneleyo)
• Abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala abangagonywanga ngokufanelekileyo

Aba bantu basengozini enkulu yokuba ne-diphtheria.

Kumazwe afana neSri Lanka, i-diphtheria ayifumaneki lula kuba abantwana bagonyelwa yona. Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe asakhasayo apho ugonyo lungenziwanga ngokufanelekileyo, esi sifo sisaxhaphakile.

Zithini iimpawu ze-diphtheria?

Xa uqala ukufumana i-diphtheria, usenokucinga ukuba yintlungu nje ebuhlungu . Nangona kunjalo,

• Umzimba usenokuba nobushushu, kwaye usenokuba nomkhuhlane omncinci .
• Ii-lymph nodes entanyeni ziyadumba (sizibiza ngokuba zii-glands ezivuvukileyo, yiloo nto ziyiyo).

Ezi ziimpawu zokuqala. Kodwa kuba intsholongwane ye-diphtheria ivelisa ityhefu, uqweqwe olumnyama olujiyileyo, olungwevu-olubizwa ngokuba yi- membrane, empumlweni, emqaleni, okanye kwindlela yokuphefumla. Kufana nebhola yekotoni. Olu luphawu oluphambili oluhlula i-diphtheria kumqala obuhlungu oqhelekileyo (njengomqala obuhlungu). Olu qweqwe lunokwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kwaye lukwenze kube nzima nokuginya ukutya nokusela.

Njengoko usulelo luqhubeka, umntu unokubonisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye bokuginya buyanda.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini.
• Intetho iba yinto engacacanga.
• Imeko yokothuka ingabangela iimpawu "zokothuka" (oko kukuthi, ulusu olukhanyayo nolubandayo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukubila kakhulu, kunye nokubonakala udidekile).

Ziziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangelwa yi-diphtheria?

Ngaphaya kokosuleleka emqaleni, ukuba loo tyhefu ikhankanyiweyo ingena egazini...Le meko inokuba yingozi kakhulu. Oku kunokuchaphazela amanye amalungu abalulekileyo, njengentliziyo kunye nezintso, kwaye kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi .

Iingozi ezinokubakho ezivela kule tyhefu zezi:

• Yonakalisa intliziyo kwaye inciphisa amandla ayo okupompa igazi.
• Ichaphazela izintso, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukususa inkunkuma emzimbeni ngendlela efanelekileyo.
• Ingonakalisa imithambo-luvo ize ekugqibeleni ikhokelele kwiimeko ezifana nokukhubazeka.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba i-diphtheria ayinyangwa kakuhle, malunga nama-50% ezigulana zinokufa. Ngoko ke ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba oku kuyingozi kangakanani.

Ngaba i-diphtheria ingathintelwa? Njani?

Ewe, kunjalo ngokwenene! Ukuthintela i-diphtheria kuxhomekeke phantse ngokupheleleyo ekugonyweni.

Ezona zibalulekileyo zi-diphtheria/pertussis/whooping cough vaccine (DTaP vaccine) ezinikwa abantwana kunye ne-Tdap vaccine enikwa abantu abancinci kunye nabantu abadala abangazange bagonywe ngaphambili.

Emva kokufumana idosi enye ye-Tdap, ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala kufuneka bafumane idosi yokunyusa ye-Tdap okanye i-diphtheria/pertussis vaccine (i-Td vaccine) rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 . Uninzi lweemeko ze-diphtheria zixelwa kubantu abangakhange bagonywe kwaphela okanye abangakhange bafumane zonke iidosi.

Kwakhona, ugonyo lweTdap luyacetyiswa koomama abakhulelweyo kwisiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa ngakunye , nokuba bakhe balufumana ngaphambili.

Ishedyuli yokugonywa eqhelekileyo yile ilandelayo:

• Isitofu sokugonya se-`DTaP`: xa umntwana eneenyanga ezi-2, ezi-4, nezi-6.
• Idosi yokunyusa: Phakathi kweenyanga ezili-12-18.
• Enye idosi yokunyusa: Phakathi kweminyaka emi-4-6.
• Isitofu sokugonya se-`Tdap`: Xa uneminyaka eli-11-12 ubudala.
• Emva koko, fumana i-Tdap okanye i-Td booster shot rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 ukuze ugcine ukhuseleko.
• Kumama okhulelweyo, isitofu se-'Tdap' kufuneka sinikwe kwisiqingatha sesibini sokukhulelwa.

Uninzi lwabantwana luyayinyamezela kakuhle le gonyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci zinokubakho. Umzekelo, ukuba bomvu kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ukuba buhlungu kancinci, umkhuhlane omncinci, okanye umntwana ukuba nomsindo kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokunganyamezelani komzimba azixhaphakanga kakhulu.

Ngaba i-diphtheria sisifo esosulelayo?

Ewe, i-diphtheria sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Ingasasazeka nakwabanye xa umntu osulelekileyo ethimla, ekhohlela, okanye ehleka. Ingasasazeka nakwabanye ngokuchukumisa izinto ezifana nezicubu okanye iiglasi zokusela ezisetyenziswa ngumntu osulelekileyo.

Nokuba umntu osuleleke yintsholongwane ye-diphtheria akanazo iimpawu, usenokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye kangangeeveki ezi-4.Ixesha elithathwayo ukuze i-diphtheria ibonakalise iimpawu (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"incubation period") lidla ngokuba phakathi kweentsuku ezi-2 nezi-4. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokuba lusuku olunye ukuya kwezi-6.

Iphathwa njani i-diphtheria?

Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abane-diphtheria banyangwa esibhedlele. Emva kokuba ugqirha eqinisekisile ukuba uxilongiwe nge-throat culture, umntu osulelekileyo unikwa i-antitoxin ekhethekileyo . Le tyhefu inikwa ngenaliti okanye nge-intravenously (IV). Oku kusebenza ngokuvala ityhefu ye-diphtheria esele isemzimbeni. Kwangaxeshanye, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukubulala nayiphi na intsholongwane ye-diphtheria eseleyo.

Abantu abanezifo ezinzima kakhulu banokufuna i-ventilator ukuze ibancede baphefumle. Ukuba kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba ityhefu isasazeke entliziyweni, kwizintso, okanye kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (ebuchotsheni nakwi-spinal cord), izigulana zinokufuna ulwelo lwe-IV, i-oksijini, okanye amayeza entliziyo.

Umntu one-diphtheria kufuneka ahlukaniswe aze agcinwe yedwa. Amanye amalungu osapho, abantu abasondeleyo, ingakumbi abo bangakhange bagonywe, abantwana abancinci kakhulu, kunye nabantu abadala kufuneka bakhuselwe ekudibaneni nesigulana.

Xa umntu efunyaniswe ene-diphtheria, ugqirha uxelela abasemagunyeni bezempilo basekuhlaleni. Bakwanyanga nabani na ekhaya abacinga ukuba usenokuba uchaphazelekile yile ntsholongwane. Oku kuquka ukuvavanya ii-throat swabs, ukumnika idosi yokunyusa i-diphtheria vaccine, kunye nokumnika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane njengendlela yokuthintela.

Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwi-diphtheria ukuba bafumana unyango ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele. Emva kokuba amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye namayeza okulwa nezifo eqalile ukusebenza, baya kufuna ukuphumla ebhedini okwethutyana (malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6, okanye de baphile ngokupheleleyo). Ukuphumla ebhedini kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu ufumana ukudumba kwemisipha yentliziyo (myocarditis), ingxaki ye-diphtheria.

Nokuba sele bephilile, abantu abaye baba ne-diphtheria kufuneka bafumane zonke iigonyo ze-diphtheria ukuze bazikhusele ekufumaneni esi sifo kwakhona. Ukuba nesifo kube kanye akuniki mandla okuzikhusela ubomi babo bonke.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oneempawu ze-diphtheria, ukuba ubona ezi mpawu komnye umntu, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye wadibana nomntu one-diphtheria, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho usemngciphekweni wokufumana esi sifo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwezifo zomqala azisi-diphtheria, ingakumbi kwilizwe elifana neSri Lanka apho ugonyo luqhutywa kakuhle.

Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba abantwana bakho baye bagonyelwa i-diphtheria, buza ugqirha wakho. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba ufumene imijovo yakho yokunyusa. Izifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abadala abaninzi abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 abakhuselekanga ngokupheleleyo kwi-diphtheria kunye ne-pertussis.

Ezona zinto zibalulekileyo esifuna ukuzithatha kweli nqaku

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-diphtheria.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba i-diphtheria sisifo esithintelwayo ngokugonywa, kodwa sinokuba yingozi.

• Fumana imijovo yakho ngendlela eyiyo: Landela ishedyuli yokugonywa komntwana wakho. Ukuba ungumntu omdala, qiniseka ukuba ufumana imijovo yakho yokunyusa isantya.
• Qaphela iimpawu: Ukuba ubona ulusu olungqindilili emqaleni wakho kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ucoceko lubalulekile: Iindlela ezilungileyo zococeko, ingakumbi ukugquma umlomo wakho xa uthimla naxa ukhohlela, kunye nokuhlamba izandla zakho, kunceda ekukhuseleni kwizifo ezininzi.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo, xelela ugqirha wakho : Ungaze uthandabuze ngesifo esithile. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso.

I-Diphtheria sisifo esoyikekayo, kodwa singazikhusela kuso ngokugonywa nangokuzazi iimpawu zaso. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha.

I- Diphtheria, ugonyo, isifo esosulelayo, usulelo lomphimbo, iibhaktheriya, unyango, i-Diphtheria