Ngaba wakha wafumana uvavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, okanye i-biopsy? Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yintoni engalunganga ngawe kunye nento ekufuneka uyenze ngayo. Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ngubani olungiselela le ngxelo kwaye ehlalutya ulwazi olukuyo? Kulapho indima yeqhawe elingadunyiswanga lebali lethu, iPathologist, idlala khona indima.
Kalula nje, ngubani lo gqirha wezifo?
Ingcali yezifo ngugqirha oqeqeshwe ngokukodwa ukufunda izifo esebenzisa izicwili zomzimba womntu, igazi, umchamo, kunye nolunye ulwelo lomzimba. Babonelela ngolwazi olufunekayo ukuze kuchongwe ngokuchanekileyo, kunyangwe, kujongwe, kwaye kuqikelelwe ikhondo lesifo elizayo. Ngamafutshane, iingcali zezifo zezona zibonelela ugqirha wakho ngemephu yendlela eya kukukhokela kuhambo lwakho lonyango.
Balufumana njani olu lwazi? Ngokuyintloko,
- Iisampuli zezicubu, iiseli, kunye nolwelo oluthathwe emzimbeni zihlolwa ngemakroskopu.
- Kusetyenziswa oomatshini abakhethekileyo (ii-analyzers) ukuvavanya umxholo weesampuli ezifana negazi.
Bafana nabaphandi. Bakhangela nezona mpawu zincinci kwinqanaba leeseli emizimbeni yethu ukuze bafumanise ukuba siyintoni kanye kanye esi sifo.
Ziziphi iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobuchwephesha beengcali zePathology?
Njengabanye oogqirha, iingcali zezifo zigxile kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba nganye inobuchule ngakumbi kwicandelo elinye kunelinye. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa kwezo ndawo zibalulekileyo.
| Icandelo lobuchwephesha | Ngamafutshane, benza ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Amayeza okugcina igazi/unyango lokudluliselwa kwegazi | Bajongene nokunikezelwa kwegazi esibhedlele. Ezi ngcali ziqinisekisa ukuba utofelo-gazi lwenziwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye iinxalenye zegazi, ezifana ne-plasma, zisetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo. |
| I-pathology yeekhemikhali | Ifunda iinkqubo zeekhemikhali zomzimba (i-biochemistry). Umzekelo, inceda ekuxilongeni izifo ngokuvavanya izinto ezifana neswekile yegazi lakho kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol. |
| I-Cytopathology | Sijonga iiseli zomzimba ukuze sibone izifo. Umzekelo omhle woku yi-Pap smear. Eli candelo lidla ngokuba yimfuneko ekufumaneni umhlaza. |
| I-Dermatopathology | Ingcali yabo kukuxilonga nokujonga izifo zesikhumba. |
| I-pathology ye-forensic | Ngabo baphanda ukufa okukhawulezileyo, okukrokrelwayo, nobundlobongela. Kwilizwe lethu, abantu abenza lo msebenzi babizwa ngokuba ngamaGosa ezonyango eForensic (iiJMO). |
| I-Hematopathology | Banolwazi ngezifo ezichaphazela iiseli zegazi, ukujiya kwegazi, umongo wamathambo, kunye nee-lymph nodes. Baxilonga izifo ezifana ne-leukemia. |
| Iibhayoloji yezonyango | Ichaza ngokuchanekileyo iintsholongwane ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo ezosulelayo. |
| I-pathology ye-molecular genetic | Inika ulwazi malunga nolwakhiwo, umsebenzi, kunye notshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo zethu. Oku kunceda ekuxilongeni nasekunyangeni ezinye izifo zezakhi zofuzo. |
| I-Neuropathology | Umsebenzi wabo kukufumanisa izifo ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha. |
| Izifo zabantwana | Uchonga izifo ezenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, usana, kunye nesigaba sophuhliso lwabantwana. |
| Izifo zotyando | Ngexesha lotyando, oogqirha bahlola izicubu abazisusayo. Cinga ngayo njengotyando lokususa ithumba elinomhlaza. Bangathatha iqhekeza lethumba balihlolisise ngelo xesha, baze baxelele ugqirha ukuba kufuneka kususwe ezinye izicubu okanye hayi. |
Yintoni indima ephambili yengcali yezifo?
Ingcali yezifo lilungu elibalulekileyo kwiqela lezonyango. Basebenzisana ngokusondeleyo nabanye oogqirha, abanjengoogqirha besifo somhlaza kunye noogqirha botyando. Eminye yemisebenzi yabo ephambili ibandakanya:
- Ukufumanisa isifo: Umsebenzi wengcali yezifo ubalulekile ekuxilongeni izifo ezininzi, ingakumbi iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza . Bathatha isiqwenga sethishu emzimbeni baze basijonge ukuba asinazo na iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, okanye iiseli zomhlaza.
- Iindlela zokucebisa unyango: Banokukuxelela eyona antibiotic ilungileyo onokuyinikwa xa unesifo sebhaktheriya, okanye bakunike ulwazi oludingayo ukuze ugqibe ukuba ngaba i-radiation, i-chemotherapy, okanye utyando lulungele umhlaza.
- Ukubeka esweni iimeko zonyango eziqhubekayo: Zinceda ekuboneni indlela esisasazeka ngayo esi sifo emzimbeni ngokuvavanya iisampuli zegazi kumntu onesifo esidluliselwa ngegazi, njengeHepatitis B.
- Ukubonelela ngengxelo-mbono: Kwezinye izifo, ezifana ne-leukemia, ingxelo-mbono yesifo inokuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo ngotshintsho oluthile (utshintsho) kwiijini. Ingcali yezifo ingajonga olu tshintsho kwiisampuli zezicubu ngokuhlola iijini.
Kutheni ungadibani nogqirha wezifo?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Ngokungafaniyo nabanye oogqirha, iingcali zezifo azihlali zidibana nezigulana ngokuthe ngqo. Nangona zidlala indima enkulu ekuxilongeni izifo, ugqirha okuthumelele uvavanyo uza kukuchazela. Lowo usenokuba ngugqirha wosapho lwakho, ugqirha wezifo zabesifazane, okanye ugqirha wezifo zomhlaza. Uza kukuchazela ngesifo ngokusekelwe kwingxelo yengcali yezifo.
Eminye imibuzo eqhelekileyo osenokuba uzibuza yona
Ingaba ingcali yezifo ngugqirha?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ingcali yezifo ngugqirha ophumelele kwisikolo sezonyango waza wafumana uqeqesho olukhethekileyo lweminyaka emininzi kwicandelo lezifo.
Basebenza phi?
Iingcali zezifo zisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.
- Kwizibhedlele zikarhulumente nezabucala
- Kwizibhedlele zaseyunivesithi
- Kwiilabhoratri ezizimeleyo
- Kwiiofisi zabucala
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba yiPathologist?
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha ubuncinane iminyaka eli-11 ukuba yiPathologist. Oku kuquka imfundo yaseyunivesithi, ixesha elichithwa kwisikolo sezonyango, kwaye ubuncinane iminyaka emithathu yoqeqesho olukhethekileyo. Oku kubonisa indlela ulwazi lwabo noqeqesho lwabo olunzulu ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ingcali yezifo yingcali yezonyango efumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo lokuxilonga izifo ngokuhlola izicubu zomzimba wakho, igazi, kunye nolunye ulwelo.
- Nangona usenokungadibani nabo ngokuthe ngqo, iPathologist lilungu elibalulekileyo nelibalulekileyo kwiqela lakho lezempilo.
- Ugqirha wakho oyintloko uza kukhetha unyango olungcono kuwe ngokusekelwe kulwazi olukwingxelo yengcali yezifo.
- Baye baqeqeshwa ngeminyaka emininzi befundiswa ngendlela ekhethekileyo ukuze benze lo msebenzi ubalulekileyo ngokufanelekileyo, ngoko ke ungaqiniseka ukuba ingxelo yakho ixhaswa liqela loogqirha abanolwazi oluphezulu.
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