Ulwelo olujikeleze intliziyo? Masithethe ngePericardial Effusion!

Ngaba wakha waziva uxinana ngendlela engaqhelekanga esifubeni sakho, ubunzima bokuphefumla? Okanye mhlawumbi ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba kukho into efana nolwelo oluqokelelana entliziyweni yakho. Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Pericardial Effusion)` ngokwezonyango. Ungoyiki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Kuthetha ukuthini oku kuzaliswa kolwelo olujikeleze intliziyo? (Ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni)?

Ngamafutshane, `(Pericardial Effusion)` kukuqokelelana kolwelo kwisingxobo esincinci esijikeleze intliziyo yakho, esibizwa ngokuba yi-`pericardium` . Cinga ngentliziyo yakho njengento exabisekileyo enesingxobo esincinci esiyijikelezileyo ukuyikhusela. Kulapho ulwelo lunokuqokelelana khona. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Ngamanye amaxesha, le meko inokubangelwa zizifo, ukwenzakala, okanye ezinye izifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba olu lwelo luqokelelana kakhulu ngaxeshanye , okanye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu , lunokubangela ukuba intliziyo ibethe ngokukhawuleza. Kwimeko enjalo, inokuba yimeko esongela ubomi efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo .

Ngoku khangela, njengoko olu lwelo luqokelelana kancinci, ingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo, i-pericardium, iyanda kancinci kancinci ize yenze indawo yolwelo olongezelelweyo. Kodwa ukuba ulwelo luzaliswa ngaxeshanye, ingxowa ayinalo ixesha lokukhula nokukhula. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Ulwelo lubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni. Amagumbi entliziyo azaliswa ligazi kwaye awanalo ixesha lokukhula. Ngenxa yoku, ubungakanani begazi elimpontshelwa yintliziyo buyancipha. Emva koko amanye amalungu omzimba awafumani igazi alifunayo.

Ukubeka oku ngendlela elula, khawucinge ukuba ufutha ibhaluni ngaphakathi kwibhotile yeplastiki. Apha, intliziyo yakho yibhaluni, kwaye ibhotile yi-pericardium. Xa ibhotile ingenanto, kukho indawo eyaneleyo yokuba ibhaluni ifutha, akunjalo? Kodwa ukuba uqala ukuzalisa ibhotile ngamanzi, indawo ekhoyo yokuba ibhaluni ifutha iyancipha. Ukuba uqhubeka uzalisa ibhotile ngamanzi, ekugqibeleni ibhaluni ayizukukwazi ukufutha konke konke. Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwi-`(Pericardial Effusion)`.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Pericardial effusion yimeko eqhelekileyo. Inokwenzeka nakubani na wanoma yimuphi ubudala okanye imvelaphi, njengoko zininzi izizathu.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

Enye yezona ngxaki ziyingozi zokuphuma kwentliziyo yi -cardiac tamponade . Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho umaleko omncinci wolwelo phakathi kodonga lwangaphakathi lwe-pericardium kunye nentliziyo. Njengokuba sibeka i-bubble wrap kwinto ebuthathaka ebhokisini, olu maleko lolwelo lunika impembelelo yokuthomalalisa intliziyo.

Kodwa kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Cardiac Tamponade", olo lwelo luqokelelana kakhulu, nto leyo ethintela intliziyo ukuba ingazali ngegazi kwaye isebenze kakuhle. Ukuba oku akunyangeki ngokukhawuleza, intliziyo ingayeka ize ibangele ukufa kwiiyure ezimbalwa.

Kodwa `(Cardiac Tamponade)` ayikokuphela kwengxaki yoku. Xa ubungakanani begazi elimpontshwa yintliziyo buncipha, intliziyo iqala ukubetha ngokukhawuleza ukuhlawula ilahleko. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, intliziyo ayikwazi ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kangaka. Emva koko imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -`Cardiogenic Shock` inokwenzeka. Oku nako kunokuba yingozi ukuba akunyangwa.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Ukuba unesixa esincinci sokwakheka kolwelo, usenokungaziboni naziphi na iimpawu. Iimpawu zinokwenzeka ukuba ukwakheka kolwelo kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, ukuba isixa solwelo sikhulu kakhulu, okanye ukuba unesifo esithe sathetha ngaso ngaphambili, ``Cardiac Tamponade''. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ngamanye amaxesha bubizwa ngokuba yi-"Dyspnea")
• Ukuqina kwesifuba okanye intlungu
• Intliziyo ebetha ngokukhawuleza okanye iintlungu zesifuba (intliziyo ebetha ngokukhawuleza)
• Ubudenge okanye isiyezi
• Ukuquleka okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo (`(Syncope)`)
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (Ndidinwe kakhulu)
• Ukungazoli, ukudideka, okanye utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha (ezi zinto zibangelwa kukuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni)
• I-Cyanosis ( ukutshintsha kombala wemilebe okanye phantsi kweenzipho ngenxa yokungabikho komoya-mpilo egazini)

Ukuba ubungakanani bolu lwelo buphezulu kakhulu, bunokubeka uxinzelelo kwizicubu ezingqongileyo okanye kwimithambo-luvo, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ubunzima bokuginya (`(Dysphagia)`)
• Iingxaki
• Ukukhwehlela okanye ukurhawuzelela

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, uninzi lwexesha, unobangela ochanekileyo we-Pericardial Effusion awufumaneki. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe asaphuhlayo, ingakumbi kwilizwe elifana neSri Lanka, iSifo sephepha sisona sibangela esi sifo.

Zininzi izizathu ze-`(Pericardial Effusion)`. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka xa intliziyo idumbile, oko kukuthi, xa kukho imeko ethi `Pericarditis` .

Ezinye izizathu zingabizwa ngokuba:

• Usulelo: Lunokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya (umzekelo, i-HIV kunye nesifo sephepha), ifungi, okanye iiparasites. Nangona kunjalo, i-pericardial effusion ngokwayo ayosuleli.
• Umhlaza: Iithumba ezikhula entliziyweni okanye kwiiseli zomhlaza ezisasazeka zivela kwenye indawo emzimbeni zingonakalisa ulwelo lwentliziyo.
• Izifo zesistim somzimba okanye iimeko zokudumba: Umzekelo, izifo ezifana ne-`(Lupus)`, `(Rheumatoid Arthritis)` okanye `(Sjögren's syndrome)`.
• Iingxaki ezinxulumene namahomoni: Umzekelo ngu `(Hypothyroidism)` (i-thyroid gland ayivelisi i-thyroid hormone eyaneleyo).
• Ukonzakala: Ukwenzakala esifubeni, ukubetheka kakhulu njengakwiingozi zeemoto, ukuhlatywa, kunye namanxeba okudutyulwa.
• Isifo sentliziyo okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi: ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, isifo sevalvu yentliziyo, ukwahlulwa okanye ukukrazuka kweengqimba ze-aorta (i-Aortic Dissection).
• Izizathu zonyango: Emva kotyando lwentliziyo, emva konyango lwe-radiation lomhlaza, okanye njengesiphumo esingesihle seminye imithi.
• Okunye: Oku kunokwenzeka nakwiimeko ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo, isifo sezintso esingapheliyo, ukusilela kwezintso, okanye isifo sesibindi.

Uyixilonga njani le nto? (Uxilongo)

Ukuba uneempawu, ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba ngaba une-Pericardial Effusion emva kokuphonononga iimpawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, iimvavanyo zonyango, kunye nokuhlolwa komzimba.

Ukuba awunazo iimpawu, zihlala zifunyaniswa ngengozi. Umzekelo, zinokufunyanwa kwi-X-ray yesifuba eyenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Ukuba ugqirha urhanela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Pericardial Effusion," angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi, kuquka:

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Jonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lomfanekiso:
• I-Echocardiogram: Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili nolubaluleke kakhulu lokufumanisa le meko. Lufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-CT scan yesifuba.
• I-MRI yentliziyo.

Nje ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba kukho i-pericardial effusion, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kufunyaniswe unobangela. Umzekelo:

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (`CBC`).
• Uvavanyo lweTroponin.
• Uvavanyo lwe-B-type natriuretic peptide.
• Uvavanyo lwehomoni evuselela i-thyroid.
• Uvavanyo lwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (ukujonga izifo okanye iimeko zokudumba kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela).

Ngamanye amaxesha, ulwelo olususiweyo kwi-pericardium lunokuvavanywa ukuze kuchongwe unobangela wale meko.

Luluphi unyango lwale nto?

Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka ekubeni imeko yakho imbi kangakanani kwaye yintoni unobangela wayo.

• Ukuba inqanaba lolwelo liphantsi, kodwa akukho zimpawu: Ukuba inqanaba lolwelo liyancipha okanye lihlala linjalo, usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga inqanaba lolwelo aze anyange kuphela xa kuvela iimpawu okanye kukho iimpawu zenye ingxaki.
• Ukuba ulwelo luyanda ngokukhawuleza, ukuba kukho iimpawu, okanye ukuba kungenxa yesizathu esibalulekileyo (ingakumbi ukwenzakala okanye umhlaza), unokufuna unyango ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba i-`(Pericardial Effusion)` inkulu, inokubangela i-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`, imeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo . Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ulwelo aluyi kuziphelela ngaphandle kokususwa. Nazi iindlela zonyango ezinokwenziwa:

• I-Pericardiocentesis: Emva kokufaka izihlunu kwindawo ethile yesifuba, ngoncedo lwendlela yokufota efana ne-echocardiography okanye i-fluoroscopy, ugqirha ufaka inaliti kwi-pericardium. Emva koko ulwelo olongezelelweyo luyakhutshwa. Umbhobho omncinci ungashiywa endaweni yawo kangangeentsuku ezininzi de lonke ulwelo luphele.
• Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko, utyando yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo kwi-pericardium. Le inokuba yinkqubo engxamisekileyo, okanye ingaba yinkqubo ecwangcisiweyo (xa ukwakheka kolwelo kubonakala ngathi luphawu kodwa lukhula kancinci kancinci kwaye alunabungozi). Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yokwenza oku yi -video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) . Oku kubandakanya ukudala "ifestile" kwi-pericardium ("ifestile ye-pericardial"), evumela ulwelo ukuba luphume luye kumngxuma omkhulu ojikeleze imiphunga ("i-pleural cavity") ngaphandle kokugcwalisa indawo ye-pericardial.

Kwimeko apho unyango olungentla lungafunekiyo kwaye lungeyongozi, ugqirha unokuhlala elawula olu hlobo ngamayeza okanye olunye unyango. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko. Eminye imizekelo:

• Ii-antibiotics zosulelo olufana nesifo sephepha.
• Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala anciphisa ukudumba nokudumba.
• Kucetyiswa unyango lwe-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation kwabo bane-pericardial effusion ngenxa yomhlaza.
• I-Diuretics kunye namanye amayeza abo baye bafumana ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo ngenxa yokusilela kwentliziyo.

Zithini iziphumo okanye iingxaki zonyango?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngonyango lwe-`(Pericardial Effusion)` zixhomekeke kunyango okanye amayeza owafumanayo. Ugqirha wakho unokukuchazela ngcono iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza owasebenzisayo.

Enye ingxaki enokubakho yi -pericardial decompression syndrome . Oku kunokwenzeka xa utyando okanye utyando lokunyanga i-pericardial effusion. Nangona kungaqhelekanga, yimeko enzima nesongela ubomi. Idla ngokwenzeka ukuba isixa esikhulu solwelo sisuswa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuthintela oku, ugqirha wakho unokususa ulwelo kancinci kancinci.

Ndiza kukhawuleza kangakanani ukuchacha emva konyango? Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?

Ixesha elithathayo ukuze ululame kwaye ululame lixhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Isizathu sokuqokelelwa kolwelo.
• Ubunzima bokuqokelelana kolwelo.
• Unyango olufumeneyo.
• Impilo yakho iyonke kunye nokuba unayo nayiphi na eminye imiba yezempilo enxulumene noko.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`, kufuneka uqale uzive ngcono njengoko ulwelo lususwa kwaye uxinzelelo entliziyweni yakho lunciphile. Ngokubanzi, ugqirha wakho unokukunika umbono ongcono wokuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze uphile kwaye kufuneka uqale nini uzive ngcono.

Ngaba i-Pericardial Effusion ingathintelwa?

Ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo yimeko engenakuqikelelwa, ngoko ke akunakwenzeka ukuyithintela. Nangona kunjalo, ungayinciphisa ingozi yakho ngokuphepha iimeko ezinokubangela oko. Umzekelo:

• Ukushiya usulelo lunganyangwa ixesha elide.
• Ukuzibandakanya kwimidlalo okanye kwimisebenzi yangaphandle enobungozi obukhulu bokwenzakala ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuzikhusela.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndinePericardial Effusion?

Ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni kudla ngokuba yimeko embi kakhulu. Kodwa ayisoloko iyinto engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Nokuba yingxaki esongela ubomi okanye akunjalo kuxhomekeke kwisizathu, ubungakanani bolwelo, kunye nesantya oluzalisa ngaso ulwelo kwintliziyo.

Xa ulwelo luqokelelana ngokukhawuleza, luba ncinci ulwelo olunokubangela imeko eyingozi efana ne-`(Cardiac Tamponade)`. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-pericardium ayinalo ixesha lokwenza indawo yolwelo olongezelelekileyo. Xa i-`(Pericardial Effusion)` ikhula kancinci, kungathatha iiveki okanye iinyanga ukuba ibe yingxaki.

Enye into egqiba ukuba i-pericardial effusion imbi na kukuba kutheni yenzekile kwasekuqaleni. Nokuba ibangelwa kukwenzakala, sisifo sentliziyo, iingxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi (okanye nasiphi na esinye isizathu esinokubangela ukuba ulwelo luqokeleleke ngokukhawuleza), ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuthintela iingxaki eziyingozi ezifana ne-cardiac tamponade.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani iPericardial Effusion?

Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo olukhulu kunye nokuqokelelwa kolwelo okwanda ngokukhawuleza ziimeko ezinzulu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ingakumbi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo, akufuneki zihlale ixesha elide kunokuba kufuneka ziqatshelwe kwaye zinyangwe.

Ukuqokelelana kolwelo okungapheliyo, ingakumbi oluncinci, olungenazimpawu, kunokuhlala iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba udibane rhoqo nogqirha ukuze ahlole ubungakanani bolwelo kunye nokuba luyingozi na kwimpilo yakho.

Imbono yoMngcipheko wePericardial Effusion

Oogqirha badla ngokunyanga ukuvuza kwegazi okubangelwa yintliziyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kubuhlungu kangakanani kwaye yintoni ebangele oko, kunokunyangeka.

Ngokubanzi, ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni ngenxa yesizathu esingaziwayo kunesizathu esihle sokuqikelela. Ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni ngenxa yokwenzakala okanye umhlaza kunokubangela iingxaki kwaye kudla ngokuba nzima ukunyanga. Ukuphuma kwegazi entliziyweni ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo okunxulunyaniswa nomhlaza okanye i-HIV/AIDS kunokubangela ukuba umntu aphile ixesha elide.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-Pericardial Effusion, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele naziphi na iimpawu okanye utshintsho kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Kubalulekile nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho, ingakumbi malunga nokusela amayeza kunye nokulawula ixesha lakho lokuchacha.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho uza kucwangcisa utyelelo olulandelayo ukuze ajonge imeko yakho. Uza kukunika nemiyalelo yendlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho kunye nexesha omele utsalele umnxeba ngalo eofisini yakhe.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Cardiac Tamponade":

• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
• Utshintsho kumbala wolusu, ingakumbi umbala ongwevu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
• Isiyezi, i-vertigo okanye i-vertigo .
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Isantya sentliziyo esingaphezulu kwe-100 ngomzuzu xa uphumle (i-Tachycardia).

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Usenokubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Yintoni unobangela we-`(Pericardial Effusion)` yam?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yonyango kum?
• Lithini ithuba lokuba i-pericardial effusion iphinde ivele?
• Ithini ingqikelelo yam?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`(Pericardial Effusion)` kunye ne-`(Pleural Effusion)`?

Ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-pleural kufana nokuphuma kwegazi kwi-pericardial, kodwa kwenzeka kwindawo eyahlukileyo yesifuba. Umgodi we-pleural sisingxobo esijikeleze imiphunga yakho. Ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-pleural kukuqokelelana kolwelo kuloo ndawo. Ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-pleural kunokubangela ukuba imiphunga yakho ingakhuli kakuhle, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.

Xa unengxaki yokuphefumla, xa isifuba sakho sibuhlungu, ufuna nje isiqabu. Usenokungazi nokuba kutheni une-pericardial effusion, ingxowa egcwele ulwelo ejikeleze intliziyo yakho. Nokuba yintoni na imbangela, kufuneka uzive ungcono emva konyango. Ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into ongayiqondiyo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Pericardial effusion kukuqokelelana kolwelo ngaphakathi kwingxowa ejikeleze intliziyo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-pericardium. Isenokuba yinto encinci, okanye ingaba yimeko enzima efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.

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Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukuquleka, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.

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Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko. Ngoko ke kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Ungakhathazeki, le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukuphuma kwegazi kwintliziyo , ulwelo oluzalisa i-pericardium, amanzi entliziyweni, i-Cardiac Tamponade, iintlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, isifo sentliziyo