Ingaba imilenze yakho iyabuhlungu xa uhamba? Isenokuba sisifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo yegazi!

Ngaba nawe uziva iintlungu okanye iintlungu emilenzeni yakho, ingakumbi ematholeni akho, xa uhamba, ingakumbi kumgama omfutshane? Ngaba iyaphela emva kokuba uhlale phantsi okwethutyana uze uphumle, kodwa ingaba iyabuya xa uhamba? Ukuba kunjalo, le yinto enokuba yinto ebalulekileyo kuwe. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Peripheral Artery Disease' , okanye i-PAD ngamafutshane. Masithethe ngayo ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni 'Isifo seMitha yoMthambo'?

Ngamafutshane, isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umzimba sisifo apho amanqatha (i-plaque) aqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya emilenzeni yakho, iwanciphise kancinci kancinci. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalwayo luthuli kwaye unciphisa kancinci ukuhamba kwamanzi. Imithambo yethu ifana nemibhobho. Ithambile kakhulu ngaphakathi, ngoko ke igazi linokuhamba kakuhle ngaphandle kokugalela igazi.

Nangona kunjalo, njengoko le 'plaque' (umaleko wamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol) ikhula kancinci kancinci eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, isithuba esingaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi siba sincinci. Kwizonyango, oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi -'atherosclerosis' . Ngamanye amaxesha, umphezulu oqinileyo wale 'plaque' uyaqhekeka, uvumela 'iiplatelets' (uhlobo lweseli yegazi olunceda ukujiya kwegazi) ukuba lwenzeke, nto leyo enciphisa ngakumbi imithambo yegazi.

Xa umthambo uvalekile, igazi alikwazi ukuhamba kuwo. Izicubu ezisemilenzeni ezibonelelwa ngulo mthambo ziphelelwa yioksijini kunye nezondlo. Oku kungonakalisa ezo zicubu kwaye ekugqibeleni kubangele ukuba zife (gangrene) . Le meko idla ngokuchaphazela iinzwane kunye neenyawo.

Abanye abantu bakhula ngokukhawuleza kwi-PAD, ngelixa abanye bekhula kancinci. Zininzi nezinye izinto ezichaphazela oku, njengokuba i-plaque ifumaneka phi emzimbeni wakho kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le 'isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo' (i-PAD)?

I-PAD yimeko eqhelekileyo kunokuba unokucinga. Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwezigidi ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 zabantu eMelika banesifo esinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha asifumaneki kakuhle kwaye asinyangwa. Ke ngoko, inani lokwenyani linokuba phezulu.

I-PAD iyichaphazela njani umzimba wam? Zithini iimpawu?

Uphawu oluphambili noluqhelekileyo lwe-PAD yi -claudication . Le yintlungu emilenzeni (ingakumbi ematholeni) xa uhamba okanye uzilolonga. Le ntlungu iyaphela xa uphumla. Oku kwenzeka kuba izihlunu zemilenze azifumani ioksijini eyaneleyo.

Kodwa iziphumo ze-PAD azipheleli nje ekuhambeni nzima. Zinokubangela izilonda ezingaphiliyo emilenzeni okanye ezinyaweni zakho.Umngcipheko wokuba nestroke uyanda. Ukuba imeko ye-PAD iba mandundu, ezi zilonda zinokuba ziindawo zezicubu ezifileyo (gangrene), kwaye kusenokufuneka kususwe unyawo okanye umlenze (amputation). Khawucinge ngomalume wethu uSiripala, akakwazi nokuhamba umgama omfutshane ukuya evenkileni, uhlala esithi umlenze wakhe ubuhlungu, unokuba yinto efana nale.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-PAD?

Ayingabo bonke abantu abane-PAD abaya kuba neempawu. Malunga nama-50% basenokungabi nazo iimpawu konke konke. Oku kwenzeka kancinci kancinci. Iimpawu zisenokuqala ukuvela xa umthambo unciphile ngama-60% nangaphezulu.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intlungu, ukuqaqamba, okanye ukuqaqamba emilenzeni okanye ezimpundu (i-claudication eyenzeka ngexesha elithile) eyenzeka xa uhamba okanye unyuka izinyuko. Oku kuncipha xa uphumla.
• Ukutsha, iintlungu eziqatha ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni (iintlungu zokuphumla ezibangelwa yi-ischemic) nokuba uphumle, ingakumbi xa ulele ebhedini ebusuku .
• Ulusu olubandayo ezinyaweni.
• Ukubona ubomvu okanye utshintsho lombala eluswini.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo lolusu kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo (ingakumbi ezinyaweni okanye emilenzeni).
• Izilonda ezingapholiyo ezinyaweni nasezinzwaneni.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unale mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ingcebiso. Kuba ukuba i-PAD ifunyenwe kwangethuba, unyango lunokuqala ngaphambi kokuba kubekho iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye istroke.

Ngaba kukho izigaba ze-PAD?

Ewe, oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwahlulahlula i-PAD. Ukwahlulwahlulwa kweFontaine kulula kancinci. Nazi izigaba:

• Inqanaba lokuQala: Akukho zimpawu.
• Inqanaba lesi-IIa: Intlungu engaphantsi kwemilenze ngexesha lokuzilolonga (i-claudication encinci).
• Inqanaba lesi-IIb: Iintlungu zomlenze eziphakathi ukuya kwezinzima (ukusuka kwi-claudication ephakathi ukuya kwenzima).
• Inqanaba lesi-3: Intlungu emilenzeni nokuba uphumle (Iintlungu zokuphumla ze-Ischemic).
• Inqanaba lesi-4: Izilonda okanye i-gangrene.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-PAD?

Ukuba ayinyangwa, abantu abane-PAD banokufuna ukunqunyulwa umlenze okanye unyawo (kwaye kunqabile ukuba nesandla) . Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile.

Ngenxa yokuba inkqubo yethu yokujikeleza kwegazi idibene, iziphumo ze-PAD azipheleli nje kwilungu elichaphazelekayo. Abantu abane-atherosclerosis kwimithambo yemilenze banokuba nale meko kwenye indawo emzimbeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu one-PAD unokuba nesifo semithambo yentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, okanye uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA)., oko kuthetha ukuba umngcipheko wezinto ezifana nestroke esincinci uphezulu kakhulu kunomntu ongenaso i-PAD. Umntu onesifo sentliziyo unethuba eli-1 kwaba-3 lokuba ne-PAD emilenzeni yakhe.

Yintoni eyona nto ibangela i-PAD?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuba kubekho i-atherosclerosis kwimithambo yegazi yemilenze (kwaye ayifumaneki kangako kwiingalo). Njengakwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, amanqatha (i-plaque) aqokelelana eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi, anciphise imithambo yegazi kancinci kancinci aze ekugqibeleni ayivale.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-PAD?

Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo nenamandla kwi-PAD kunye neengxaki zayo. Enyanisweni, ama-80% abantu abane-PAD ngabatshayi bangoku okanye bangaphambili. Ukusebenzisa icuba kwandisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-PAD malunga nama-400%. Kunokulibazisa ukuqala kweempawu ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka eli-10.

Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangatshayiyo, abantu abatshayayo nabanee-PAD banamathuba amaninzi okuba:

• Ukufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi .
• Iziphumo ezingalunganga zotyando lwe-bypass emilenzeni.
• Ukufuneka unqumle ingalo okanye umlenze.

Nokuba ungumfazi okanye uyindoda, usemngciphekweni wokuba ne-PAD ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zinto ziyingozi:

• Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba (le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo).
• Ukuba nesifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus).
• Ukuba neminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukuba nemvelaphi yama-Afrika aseMelika (nangona oku kungabalulekanga kangako eSri Lanka, kulungile ukwazi).
• Ukuba nembali yobuqu okanye yosapho yesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo semithambo yegazi.
• Ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension).
• Ukuba ne-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia).
• Ukutyeba esiswini.
• Ukuba nesifo sokujiya kwegazi.
• Ukuba nesifo sezintso (oku kungaba yinto enobungozi kwaye kube sisiphumo se-PAD).

Ifunyaniswa njani i-PAD? (Ukuxilongwa)

Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kukuxilonga aze akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye nezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko. Ezinye iimvavanyo ezingangenisi gazi zingenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba unayo na i-PAD, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ukuba inzima kangakanani. Ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi:

• Isalathisi se-Ankle-brachial (ABI): Esi silinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi eqatheni nasengalweni.
• Ukurekhoda ivolumu yepulse (PVR).
• I-ultrasound yemithambo yegazi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo oluhlaselayo olubizwa ngokuba yi-angiogram lunokufuneka ukuze kufunyanwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi.

Ngaba i-PAD ingatshintshwa?

Ewe, ezinye izifundo zibonise ukubaUkuzilolonga nokulawula i-cholesterol kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kunokuguqula iimpawu ze-PAD.

Ngokufunyanwa kwangoko, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, kunye nonyango, i-PAD inganqandwa ukuba ibe mandundu. Ukuba ucinga ukuba usemngciphekweni we-PAD, okanye ukuba sele uneempawu, bona ugqirha wakho wosapho, ingcali yezonyango zemithambo yegazi, okanye ingcali yentliziyo ukuze uqalise inkqubo yokuthintela okanye yonyango ngoko nangoko.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-PAD?

I-PAD inokunyangeka ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila, amayeza, kunye neenkqubo zonyango.

Kukho iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango lwe-PAD:

1. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho weziganeko zentliziyo , ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.

2. Nciphisa iintlungu xa uhamba kwaye uphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Unyango lwe-PAD luqala ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wakho. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba. Buza ugqirha wakho ngeenkqubo ezinokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okunefayibha eninzi kunye ne-cholesterol ephantsi, amafutha kunye nesodium. Nciphisa amafutha ukuya kuma-30% eekhalori zemihla ngemihla. Amafutha agcweleyo akufuneki adlule kwi-7% yeekhalori zizonke. Kuphephe ukutya okwenziwe ngamafutha e-trans, njengeoyile yemifuno ene-hydrogen kunye ne-hydrogenated.
• Ukuzilolonga. Qalisa inkqubo yokuzilolonga rhoqo, njengokuhamba. Ukuhamba lunyango oluhle lwe-PAD. Abantu abahamba rhoqo banokwandisa umgama abanokuhamba ngawo ngaphambi kokuba imilenze yabo ibe buhlungu.
• Lawula ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Gcina amanqanaba akho oxinzelelo ephantsi. Izinto ezinje ngokuzilolonga, i-yoga, kunye nokucamngca zinokunceda koku.
• Ziqhelise ukukhathalela iinyawo nolusu kakuhle ukuze uthintele usulelo kwaye unciphise umngcipheko weengxaki.

Amayeza

Amayeza afana namayeza okulwa noxinzelelo lwegazi , amayeza e-statin , kunye namayeza eswekile anokunceda ukulawula izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko we-PAD kwaye anciphise umngcipheko westroke kunye nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuthintela iiplatelet, njenge-aspirin okanye i-clopidogrel, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi. Banokukunika neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-cilostazol ukwandisa umgama onokuhamba ngawo. Eli yeza linceda abantu abanomthambo we-claudication oqhubekayo ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba imilenze yabo ibe buhlungu.

Iinkqubo zokuzilolonga ezijongiweyo

Inkqubo yokuzilolonga elawulwa ngugqirha inokunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu zomlenze kwaye ikuncede uhambe ngakumbi. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukuhamba kwi-treadmill ubuncinci iintsuku ezintathu ngeveki.

Abantu abane-PAD bafanele bahambe imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ngosuku, nokuba basekhaya. Icebiso eliqhelekileyo kukusebenzisa umthambo othi "Qala/Yeka":

• Hamba ude intlungu ibe phakathi, uze uyeke.
• Linda de intlungu iphele ngokupheleleyo.
• Qala ukuhamba kwakhona.

Unyango olungenasithintelo okanye olutyando

Kwabanye abantu, nokuba emva kweenyanga zokuzilolonga kunye namayeza, iintlungu zomlenze zinokuba nzima kangangokuba ziphazamise imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi, kunokufuneka ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi ukunciphisa iintlungu nokuba uphumle, okanye ukunceda ukuphilisa ukwenzakala.

Amatyala aphucukileyo e-PAD, abangela iintlungu eziqatha kunye nokungakwazi ukuhamba, anokufuna unyango lwe-endovascular (olungena kakhulu) okanye unyango lotyando. Ezinye zeendlela ezifanayo zonyango ezisetyenziswa kwisifo sentliziyo zikwasetyenziswa kwi-PAD:

• I-Angioplasty: Ukwandisa umthambo ovalekileyo kusetyenziswa isixhobo esifana nebhaluni.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Ukufakwa kwetyhubhu encinci ye-mesh ukugcina umthambo uvulekile.
• Utyando lokudlula umthambo ojikeleze umthambo: Ukudala indlela eyahlukileyo yokuhamba kwegazi (ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa omnye umthambo emzimbeni) ukuze kudlule umthambo ovalekileyo.
• I-Atherectomy: Ukususwa kweplaque efakwe ngaphakathi kumthambo kusetyenziswa isixhobo esikhethekileyo.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka emva konyango

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki ezilandelayo emva kolu nyango, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zosulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki:

• Ukudumba, ukopha, okanye intlungu apho kufakwe khona i-catheter.
• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukudumba kwemilenze.
• Intlungu yesisu.
• Ukuvulwa kwesithintelo sotyando.

Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile emva konyango liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kunyango olufumeneyo. Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku obunye okanye ngaphezulu. Nangona i-atherectomy ingathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uphile, i-angioplasty ingathatha malunga neveki. I-peripheral artery bypass graft ingathatha malunga neeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi ye-PAD? (Ukuthintela)

Wakuba usazi ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela i-PAD, unokufuna ukuyithintela. Eli cebiso linye lokugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni liyasebenza ekunyamekeleni ukuhamba kwegazi lakho:

• Lawula ubunzima bakho.
• Yitya ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi, okuneswekile encinci, kwaye kuquka ubuncinane izidlo ezintlanu zeziqhamo nemifuno emitsha yonke imihla.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Ngomvume kagqirha wakho, zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, uninzi lweentsuku zeveki.

Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezikubangela ukuba ube ne-PAD. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iimpawu onazo, ezinje ngentlungu yomlenze, ubuthathaka, okanye ukungaziva.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-PAD?

Njengezinye izifo ezininzi, i-PAD kulula ukuyinyanga ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba. Izinga le-PAD elikhula ngalo liyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka apho i-plaque ikhoyo kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

I-PAD yimeko onokuba nayo ubomi bakho bonke. Nangona kungekho nyango lwe-PAD, ungayilawula. Ungayithintela i-PAD ukuba ibe mandundu ngokwenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukungayisebenzisi imveliso yecuba.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo.
• Nciphisa amafutha kwaye utye ukutya okunempilo.
• Ukulawula izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko, ezifana nesifo seswekile, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Kubalulekile ukuba uzinyamekele kakuhle iinyawo zakho ukuze uthintele amanxeba angapholiyo. Unyango lweenyawo kubantu abane-PAD luquka oku kulandelayo:

• Nxiba izihlangu ezikhululekileyo nezilingana kakuhle.
• Jonga iinyawo zakho nemilenze yakho yonke imihla ukuze ubone ukuba azinazo na iiblista, amanxeba, imikrwelo, ukukrweleka, okanye izilonda. Khangela nokuba zibomvu na, zishushu, iinzipho ezikhule ngaphakathi, iimbotyi, kunye nezikrweqe. Njengomntu onesifo seswekile, kufuneka unyamekele iinyawo zakho.
• Musa ukulibazisa ukunyanga nokuba yingxaki encinci yonyawo okanye yolusu.
• Gcina iinyawo zakho zicocekile kwaye zifumile kakuhle (ungafaki i-moisturizer kwinxeba elivulekileyo).
• Emva kokuhlamba, lungisa iinzipho zakho zisethambile. Sika ngqo uze uzibeke zithe tyaba ngefayile yezipikili.

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kugqirha weenyawo , ingakumbi ukuba unesifo seswekile. Unokukunceda kwiingxaki zeempundu, iimpundu, okanye ezinye iingxaki zeenyawo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Bona ugqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ufumana usulelo olubi kwinxeba elisezinyaweni zakho, usulelo lunokusasazeka luye kwimisipha yakho, kwizicubu zomzimba, egazini, nasemathanjeni. Ukuba usulelo lubi kakhulu, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele.
• Ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuhamba ngeenyawo ukwenza nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba unentlungu emilenzeni yakho nokuba uphumle , olu luphawu lokuba igazi alihambi kakuhle.

Ingxamiseko:Ukuba awukwazi ukuwuva umlenze wakho, awukwazi ukuwushukumisa, okanye ulusu olukuwo lunombala owahlukileyo kunolunye umlenze wakho, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi eliya emlenzeni wakho liyekile ngaphandle kwesilumkiso.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

• Ngaba ndifuna amayeza okunciphisa umngcipheko wam we-PAD?
• Ndifanele ndihambe umgama ongakanani xa ndiqala inkqubo yokuhamba?
• Ngaba ndifuna unyango lotyando lwe-PAD?

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ungenza okuninzi ukuthintela okanye ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kweSifo seMithambo yePeripheral, okanye i-PAD, ngokwenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Gcina onke amadinga akho okulandela kunye nogqirha wakho kunye nengcali yemithambo yegazi, kwaye uthabathe onke amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe. Ukwazi iimpawu ezilumkisayo zeengxaki ze-PAD kuya kukunceda wazi ukuba kufuneka ufune uncedo nini. Nyamekela imilenze yakho, kuba iya kukuthwala umgama omde!

Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze imithambo yegazi, i-PAD, iintlungu zomlenze, imithambo yegazi evalekileyo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukutshaya, isifo seswekile, i-cholesterol, i-atherosclerosis, i-claudication