Ngaba ulahlekelwa yimibala emehlweni akho? (Pigment Dispersion Syndrome) - Ngaba oku kungaba yimbangela yeglaucoma (Pigmentary Glaucoma)?

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba izinto ezincinci zinokukhululeka ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho zize zibangele iingxaki? Enyanisweni, amasuntswana e-pigment emehlweni ethu ngamanye amaxesha anokukhululeka aze avale iindlela zokungena kolwelo ngaphakathi kweliso. Xa oku kusenzeka, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso luyanda, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-glaucoma . Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye yezi meko, i-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) kunye ne-Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) enokubangelwa yiyo.

Yintoni i-pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) kunye ne-pigmentary glaucoma (PG)?

Ngamafutshane, la ngamacala amabini esifo esifanayo. I-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) kuxa umbala okwi- iris yakho, onika amehlo akho umbala wawo, uqhekeka ube ziingceba ezincinci uze uqale ukudada kulwelo olungaphakathi kweliso lakho. Cinga ngayo njengopende oxobula iqhekeza elidala lomthi.

Ukuba le meko ye -PDS iqhubeka ixesha elide, mhlawumbi iminyaka okanye amashumi eminyaka, inokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -pigmentary glaucoma (PG) . Ayinguye wonke umntu one -PDS oza kuba ne -PG . Nangona kunjalo, okukhona une -PDS ixesha elide, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne -PG uyanda.

I-pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) ikhokelela njani kwi-glaucoma?

Ukuze sikuqonde oku, kufuneka siqale sazi kancinci ngento eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kweliso. I-iris yeliso lakho sisihlunu esithe tyaba, esimile okwesangqa esiqulethe umbala obizwa ngokuba yi-melanin , esinika iliso lakho umbala walo. Le iris inezithuba ezibini ngaphambili nangasemva kwayo. Ezi zithuba zizaliswe lulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-aqueous humor . Uxinzelelo lwale fluid yilo olugcina iliso lijikeleza.

Xa une -PDS , iris yakho ayisakwazi ukugcina imo yayo kakuhle kwaye igoba kakhulu ngasemva. Umva we iris emva koko ukhuhlana kwiifayibha zemisipha ezilawula imo yelensi yeliso. Njengoko iris yakho ikhula kwaye ifinyela (oko kukuthi, iris ifinyela kwaye ifinyela ukuze ivumelane nokukhanya), iigranule zepigment kwi iris ziyakhululeka.

Ukuchaneka, la mabala ayaxobuka, kanye njengokuba umbala uxobuka kwisiqwenga somthi.

Amasuntswana e-pigment akhululekileyo ahambahamba kwi -aqueous humor aze athwalwe aye kwezinye iindawo zeliso. Kukho inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi ukuze le aqueous humor iphume kwiliso. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-trabecular meshwork . Amasuntswana e-pigment akhululekileyo anokuqokelelana kule trabecular meshwork aze ayonakalise. Xa oku kusenzeka, i-aqueous humorUlwelo alukwazi ukuphuma kakuhle elisweni. Oku kubangela ukuba uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kweliso lunyuke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ocular hypertension . Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, ekugqibeleni kunokukhokelela kwi -glaucoma . Ukuba i-glaucoma ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona okungapheliyo, okunzulu kwanokungaboni.

Zithini iimpawu ze-PDS kunye ne-PG?

Ixesha elininzi, i-PDS ayibangeli zimpawu. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banale meko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zihlala zifana neempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-glaucoma . Ziquka:

• Intlungu yamehlo
• Ubomvu bamehlo
• Uloyiko lokukhanya ( photophobia )
• Ukubona ii-halos okanye ukukhanya okujikeleze izibane

Abanye abantu banokubona ukunyuka okwethutyana koxinzelelo lwamehlo, ukubona okufipheleyo, okanye ukukhanya okujikeleze izibane, njengaxa besenza umthambo. Kodwa ezi zinto ziya kuphela emva kwexesha elithile.

Zithini izizathu ze-PDS?

Iingcali azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-PDS , kodwa zichonge izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela loo nto.

• I-Genetics: Uphando lufumanise unxibelelwano phakathi kotshintsho oluthile lwe-DNA kunye ne -PDS/PG . Yingakho i-PDS kunye ne -PG zinokusebenza kwiintsapho. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba iza kuvela njani.
• Ubudala: I-PDS idla ngokufunyaniswa kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala.
• Isini: Iimeko ze-PDS kunye ne-PG zichaphazela amadoda ngakumbi.
• Uhlanga: Abantu abamnyama okanye baseAsia banomngcipheko omncinci wokufumana i-PDS kunye ne -PG . Abantu abamhlophe banomngcipheko ophezulu.
• Ukubona kufutshane (Myopia): Abantu abane -myopia , oko kuthetha ukuba abakwazi ukubona kude, basengozini enkulu yokufumana i-PDS kunye ne -PG . Okukhona ubona kufutshane, kokukhona amathuba okuba ne -PDS okanye iguquke ibe yi -PG .
• Ulwakhiwo lwamehlo: Ukuba igumbi lakho elingaphambili linzulu, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne -PDS kunye ne -PG . Oku kungenxa yokuba xa igumbi linzulu, ulwelo oluninzi lunokuqokelelana kulo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iris "igobe" ngasemva, ijonge kwilensi. Kwakhona, i-cornea ethe tyaba inokuba negalelo.
• Inqanaba lomsebenzi ogqithisileyo: Ukuzilolonga okanye umsebenzi womzimba ogqithisileyo kunyeUphando lubonisa ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi kwe -PDS/PG . Ukuba une -PDS okanye i-PG , ugqirha wakho wamehlo unokukubuza ngomsebenzi wakho womzimba. Ukuba inqanaba lomsebenzi wakho lichaphazela le meko, banokukucebisa ukuba uyinciphise.

Yintoni iSecondary Pigment Dispersion?

Kukho ezinye izizathu zokuba i-iris yakho isenokulahlekelwa yipigment. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi- "secondary PDS." Oku kwahlukile kwi-"primary PDS." I-Primary PDS kuxa i-PDS isenzeka ngaphandle kwesinye isifo esingabonakaliyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-PG inokwenzeka nakwi-secondary PDS.

Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela i-PDS yesibini zezi:

• Iingozi emehlweni
• Iithumba (ukukhula) okwakheka ngaphakathi kweliso
• Ukususwa kwelensi yangaphakathi kweso (IOL )

Ungayichonga njani i-PDS kunye ne-PG?

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona i-PDS ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu kukwenza uvavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo . Ezinye zeendlela ezitshintshayo ngaphakathi kweliso ezinokubonwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo ngenxa ye-PDS okanye i-PG ziquka:

• I-Krukenberg spindle: Lo ngumgca omncinci, othe nkqo obonakala phambi komfundi wakho, umbala ofanayo nowe-iris yakho. Wenzeka xa ulwelo lutyhalelwa phambili xa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso lusanda, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ii-granules ezinemibala ecacileyo zinamathele ngaphakathi kwi-cornea.
• Iziphene ze-radial iris: Le yimigca emincinci ye-pigment ebonakala kwi-iris. Ifana nee-spokes zevili lebhayisekile. Ingcali yamehlo ingazibona ezi zinto isebenzisa iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokukhanyisa.
• Umbala ojikeleze kufutshane nomphetho ongaphandle we-iris: Ingcali yakho yamehlo ingasebenzisa uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-gonioscopy ukuze ibone iigranules ezinombala ezibekwe apho.

Uvavanyo olunokusetyenziswa yingcali yamehlo yakho

Kukho uvavanyo oluninzi lweglaucoma olunokunceda ekuxilongeni i-PDS kunye ne -PG . Ezinye zezi zenziwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Ezinye zingcali ngakumbi. Ingcali yakho yamehlo iya kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezilungileyo zokunceda ekuxilongeni okanye ekuthinteleni i-PDS kunye ne -PG .

Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo
• I-Tonometry ( ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo)
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
• I-Pachymetry (umlinganiselo wobukhulu be-cornea)
• I-Gonioscopy (uvavanyo lwe-engile yokukhupha amanzi kweliso)
• Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo ( ukuvavanya umbono ongaphandle)

Ziphathwa njani ii-PDS kunye ne-PG?

Unyango lwe -PDS kunye ne -PG lufana kakhulu nonyango lwezinye iintlobo ze- glaucoma . Olu nyango lunokubandakanya enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Amayeza: Amayeza eGlaucoma asebenza ngokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Amanye amayeza asebenza ngokwandisa umbungu wakho kunye nokwandisa ukuphuma kwamanzi amdaka . Amanye asebenza ngokunciphisa imveliso yamanzi amdaka . La afumaneka kakhulu njengamathontsi eliso.
• Utyando lweGlaucoma: Le nkqubo idla ngokuzama ukuphucula ukuhamba kolwelo kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi emzimbeni. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-trabeculectomy , i-goniotomy, kunye notyando lwe-laser.

Rhoqo, abantu abane -PDS kunye ne -PG kufuneka basebenzise indlela edibeneyo ukuze bafumane iziphumo ezilungileyo. Umzekelo, utyando lwe-laser oludityaniswe namayeza. Le ndlela isebenza kakhulu ukuba amayeza ewodwa awanciphisi uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kweliso ngokwaneleyo.

Ingcali yakho yamehlo yeyona mntu ulungileyo ukukunika ulwazi malunga neendlela zonyango. Uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela unyango oluya kukuchaphazela ngayo, zeziphi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga onokuzilindela.

Ukuba ndinayo le meko, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ayinguye wonke umntu one- PDS oza kuba ne -PG . Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko uyanda ngokuhamba kwexesha. Malunga ne-10% yabantu abane -PDS baza kuba ne -PG kwiminyaka eli-10. Emva kweminyaka eli-15, elo nani liyanda liye kwi-15%. Ubomi bonke, lo mngcipheko uphakathi kwe-35% kunye ne-50%.

Ngenxa yokuba i-PDS kunye ne -PG zihlala ziqala xa zisencinci kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo ze -glaucoma , kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula le meko kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Inxalenye yoko kukuhlala ubona ugqirha wamehlo akho kwaye ulandelele.

Ezi zihlandlo zingaba rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu, okanye kube kanye ngonyaka, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda ugqirha wakho abone naluphi na ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwamehlo kwaye acebise unyango lokuthintela umonakalo okanye ubuncinane ukuthintela ukuba ungabi mbi.

EyakhoUkubeka esweni rhoqo nokulawula i -PDS okanye i-PG yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekugcineni umbono wakho. Ukungaboni ngokusisigxina kunqabile kakhulu kubantu abalandela icebiso lengcali yabo, abaya rhoqo kwiimvavanyo, baze balawule imeko yabo.

Ngaba i-PDS okanye i-PG zinokuthintelwa?

Ngelishwa, akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela i-PDS kunye ne -PG . Ziyenzeka ngequbuliso, kwaye abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banazo ezi meko de ingcali iqaphele olu tshintsho ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo, okanye de kubekho iimpawu.

Ukuba ndine-PDS okanye i-PG, ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une -PDS okanye i-PG , kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze ugcine umbono wakho kwaye uthintele iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana nokulahlekelwa ngumbono:

• Bona ugqirha wakho njengoko kucetyisiwe. Ungaphoswa kukuhlolwa okucwangcisiweyo .
• Sela amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe. Sebenzisa amayeza njengoko kuyalelwe, ngexesha elimiselweyo, nangomlinganiselo omiselweyo.
• Ukuba ingcali yamehlo yakho iyakucebisa, yenza utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Umzekelo, nciphisa umthambo ogqithisileyo.
• Ukuba ubona utshintsho embonweni wakho, ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha, okanye unemibuzo malunga namayeza akho, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu ezithile zamehlo, udinga uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba awunyangwa, umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emehlweni unokwenzeka. Emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo, thetha nengcali yamehlo malunga neempawu ekufuneka uziqaphele kakhulu, ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho ethile, kunye nento omawuyenze ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na kwezi mpawu.

Iimpawu ezifuna unyango olungxamisekileyo zezi:

• Utshintsho lombono, njengombono ofiphele ngequbuliso okanye umbono onciphileyo
• Izikhanyiso ezintsha okanye eziya zisiba mandundu okanye ukukhanya okujikeleze izibane
• Intlungu yamehlo ebukhali, engalindelekanga kunye/okanye intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso (ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokungaphelelanga)

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Eminye imibuzo onokuyibuza ingcali yamehlo:

• Ingxaki yam ye-PDS imbi/ihambele phambili kangakanani? Ngaba iguquke yaba yi -PG ?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ozicebisayo?
• Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endimele ndizilindele kunyango? Ndingenza ntoni ukulawula okanye ukunciphisa ezo ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze naluphi na utshintsho kwimisebenzi yam yesiqhelo?

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

UnePigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) okanye iPigmentary Glaucoma (PG).Ukufumanisa ukuba une -glaucoma kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo, ingakumbi ukuba uyiqala usemncinci. Nangona uninzi lweentlobo ze-glaucoma lukhula kamva ebomini, i-PDS kunye ne -PG zihlala zikhula kwangethuba. Nangona ezi meko zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezinye iintlobo ze-glaucoma , kukho umahluko obalulekileyo. Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba ngonyango oluqhelekileyo kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, i-PDS kunye ne-PG zinokulawulwa kwaye iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yimbono okanye ubumfama zinokuthintelwa okanye zithintelwe. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki kwaye ulandele icebiso likagqirha wakho.

I- Glaucoma, i-Pigment Dispersion Syndrome, i-Pigmentary Glaucoma, Impilo yamehlo, uxinzelelo lwamehlo, umbono, izifo zamehlo