Ingaba i-cornea yomntwana wakho inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga? Isenokuba ibangelwa yiMegalocornea!

Ngaba wakha wajonga amehlo omntwana wakho? Ngamanye amaxesha singabona ukuba i-cornea, indawo ecacileyo, engqukuva apho ukukhanya kungena khona elisweni, inkulu kakhulu. Okanye mhlawumbi udidekile kancinci xa ugqirha ekuxelele igama elithi ``Megalocornea''. Yintoni kanye kanye ``Megalocornea''? Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye `(Megalocornea)`?

Ngamafutshane, `(Megalocornea)` kuxa i-membrane ecacileyo engaphambili kweliso, inxalenye esiyibiza ngokuba yi-cornea , inkulu kunesiqhelo. Khawuthelekelele, ukuba iliso lethu lifana nekhamera, le cornea ifana neglasi ekhuselayo engaphambili kweliso laloo khamera. Ukukhanya kungena ngeli liso. Kwimeko `(Megalocornea)`, ububanzi bale cornea (oko kukuthi, umgama ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye) ungaphezulu kwe-13 millimeters. Ngokwesiqhelo, obu bungakanani kumntwana omncinci buncinci kakhulu.

Enye into eyenzekayo koku kukuba indawo egcwele ulwelo phakathi kwe-cornea kunye nenxalenye enemibala yeliso (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-iris), ebizwa ngokuba yigumbi elingaphambili , iba nzulu kunesiqhelo.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba `(Megalocornea)` yimeko `(yokuzalwa)` . Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana uzalwa enezi mpawu. Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha bayayibona esemncinci. Uninzi lwabantu alunazo iingxaki ezinkulu zokubona ngenxa yoku, kwaye ayisiyo imeko `(eqhubekayo)` eba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba uninzi lwayo iyafana nale injalo. Oku kuchasene nemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi `(Microcornea)`. Kwi `(Microcornea)`, i-cornea incinci ngokungaqhelekanga.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le meko `(Megalocornea)` inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo. Umzekelo, ibonwa kwizifo zezicubu ezinxibelelanayo ezifana `(Marfan syndrome)`. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, umntwana wakho unokuba sengozini yokufumana ezinye izifo zamehlo ezifana ne-cataracts. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela imeko `(Megalocornea)` kwangethuba. Emva koko oogqirha banokujonga ngamehlo kunye nokubona komntwana.

Oogqirha basebenzisa amanye amagama aliqela kule meko:

• I-megalophthalmos yangaphambili
• I-megalophthalmia yangaphambili yokuzalwa
• I-megalocornea yokuzalwa ezimeleyo
• I-Macrocornea

IMegalocornea iwachaphazela njani amehlo?

Isiqhelo, imeko ethi "Megalocornea" ichaphazela omabini amehlo. Ngokuyintloko ngeendlela ezimbini:

1. Ububanzi be-cornea (obulinganiswa ukusuka kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye) bukhulu kunobuqhelekileyo (bungaphezulu kweemilimitha ezili-13).

2. Inxalenye engaphambili yeliso, apho ulwelo olucacileyo nolunamanzi luhamba khona (igumbi elingaphambili) luba nzulu kunesiqhelo.

Olu tshintsho lubangela ukuba amehlo abonakale emakhulu kancinci xa ujonga ngaphandle.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

I-Megalocornea ixhaphake kakhulu kubafana . Oku kungenxa yokuba ngaphezulu kwe-90% yamatyala e-megalocornea abangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwi-chromosome ye-X. Ezi meko zidibene ne-X zichaphazela abafana ngaphezu kwamantombazana.

Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu . Abaphandi abanakutsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba bangaphi abantu abazalwa benaso, kodwa bakholelwa ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba asifumaneki ngokwaneleyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-`(Megalocornea)`?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-`(Megalocornea)`:

1. I-megalocornea ezimeleyo okanye elula : Oku kuchaphazela kuphela i-cornea kwaye akunxulunyaniswa naso nasiphi na esinye isifo.

2. I-Anterior megalophthalmos : Olu hlobo lunxulunyaniswa nesifo esingaphantsi, ngoko ke sinokuchaphazela amanye amalungu amehlo omntwana okanye amanye amalungu omzimba.

Yintoni ebangela iMegalocornea?

I-Megalocornea ibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwi-CHRDL1 gene, enceda ekulawuleni ukukhula kwamehlo. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba olu tshintsho lubangela ukuba i-optic cup , eyinxalenye yeliso, ikhule ibe nkulu kunesiqhelo. Le yeyona nto ibangela ukuba i-cornea ibe nkulu.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo `(Megalocornea)`?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantu abazalwa beneMegalocornea abanazo naziphi na iimpawu . Banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

Kodwa abanye abantwana banokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukutshintsha kancinci kancinci kombono okanye ukubona okufipheleyo ngenxa ye-astigmatism. (I-Astigmatism yimeko apho i-cornea ingekho ngqukuva ngokugqibeleleyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukukhanya kungajolisi kwindawo enye ngaphakathi kweliso.)
• Uvelwano ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo (photophobia) - Oku kuthetha ukuba amehlo aba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa evezwa lilanga okanye kukukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Ukungaboni kakuhle (i-myopia).

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko ethi "Megalocornea" inxulunyaniswa nezinye izifo, umntwana unokufumana iimpawu ezinzulu ezifana nezi:

• IiCataracts.
• I-Coloboma (inxalenye yeliso engaphuhli kakuhle).
• I-lens ekhutshweyo (i-ectopia lentis) okanye i-phacondonesis.
• I-Glaucoma (umonakalo wokubona ngenxa yokunyuka koxinzelelo lwamehlo).
• Isangqa esijikeleze ilensi yeliso (ibhendi yomzimba we-ciliary) sikhulu kunesiqhelo.
• Umbono ophantsi.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-retina.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kulula ukunyanga.

Indlela yokuqaphela `(Megalocornea)`?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga i-megalocornea kwasebuntwaneni . Iingcali zamehlo ziyakuqinisekisa oku ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uvavanyo lwemfuza.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyixilonga ngokuchanekileyo le nto, njengoko inokwahlulwa kwezinye iimeko ezinzulu, ezifana ne-glaucoma, kwaye ikwabalulekile kwisikhokelo esifanelekileyo sonyango.

Ugqirha wakho angenza nezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lweGlaucoma.
• I-Gonioscopy (uvavanyo lwe-engile yegumbi elingaphambili leliso).
• I-Optical coherence tomography (OCT) (ukuthatha imifanekiso yeengqimba zeliso).
• I-Tonometry (ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo).
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound.
• Ukubala i-vitreous index ukulinganisa ulwelo lwamanzi elisweni.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga i-`(Megalocornea)`?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lweMegalocornea. Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Unyango lunokunceda ekukhuseleni umbono womntwana wakho, lulawule ezinye iimeko ezifihlakeleyo, kwaye luthintele iingxaki. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana umntwana wakho unyango olufanelekileyo aludingayo.

Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwingcali yamehlo yabantwana. Ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye iimeko ezifihlakeleyo, kunokufuneka ubone ezinye iingcali.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-`(Megalocornea)`?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-megalocornea ayifuni naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo , ingakumbi ukuba umbono womntwana wakho uqhelekile kwaye uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi kweso luqhelekile. Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokucebisa indlela "yokulinda ngononophelo". Oku kuthetha ukujonga rhoqo impilo yamehlo omntwana wakho kunye nokujonga naluphi na utshintsho.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu okanye ezinye iimeko ezifihlakeleyo, unokufuna unyango lokuzilawula. Unyango olungelulo utyando luquka:

• Amayeza, umzekelo, amaconsi emehlweni.
• Izixhobo ezibonakalayo (iiglasi zamehlo okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana ezenzelwe ngokukodwa).

Kwezinye iimeko, utyando lunokufuneka:

• Utyando lwe-cataract okanye utyando lokunyanga i-glaucoma.
• I-Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) lutyando lwamehlo olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukubona okukufutshane okanye i-astigmatism.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba umntwana wam une-`(Megalocornea)`?

Uninzi lwabantwana abane-megalocornea bakhula benombono olungileyo kwaye bagcina umbono olungileyo . Abanye banokulawula iimpawu zabo ngezixhobo zokunceda ukubona okanye iilensi zokulungisa.

Nangona kunjalo, ikamva labantwana abanale meko lixhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobunzima bemeko. Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu , thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela ezilungileyo zokukhusela amehlo nempilo yomntwana wakho.

Ndingawunciphisa na umngcipheko womntwana wam wokufumana iMegalocornea?

Inene, akukho nto unokuyenza ukuthintela iMegalocornea. Le yimeko yemfuza. Nangona kunjalo, ungathatha amanyathelo okukhusela amehlo omntwana wakho.

Ungathintela umonakalo we-cornea ngokunxiba izibuko zokukhusela amehlo xa wena okanye umntwana wakho nisenza oku kulandelayo:

• Xa ucoca nge-bleach okanye ezinye iikhemikhali.
• Ngexesha lomsebenzi wangaphandle ofana nokucheba ingca.
• Ngexesha lomsebenzi wokulungisa oquka ukusebenzisa izixhobo zombane, ihamile, okanye ukufaka ipeyinti.
• Kwimidlalo efana nebaseball okanye ihockey.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unxiba iilensi zokunxibelelana, landela imiyalelo yokuzicoca nokubulala iintsholongwane ngononophelo ukuze uthintele usulelo lwamehlo okanye lwe-cornea. Ungaphoswa kukubonana nogqirha wamehlo , kwaye ulandele izikhokelo zonyango ukuze uthintele iingxaki kwaye ugcine umbono womntwana wakho.

Ufanele ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha ngemeko `(Megalocornea)`?

Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kwe-megalocornea kubalulekile ukuze unyango lusebenze kakuhle. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana ukungakhululeki kwamehlo, iintlungu, okanye utshintsho embonweni, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ugqirha wakho unokubonelela ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango ukuze umntwana wakho afumane isiqabu aze agcine umbono wakhe uphilile.

Unyango oluqhubekayo lokulandelela lubalulekile ekunyangeni iimeko ezifihlakeleyo nokuthintela iingxaki ezifana ne-cataracts okanye i-glaucoma.

I-Megalocornea yimeko engaqhelekanga ebangela ukuba i-cornea yeliso ikhule. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantu alunazo iimpawu. Abanye banokukhusela umbono wabo ngeelensi zokulungisa nokuthintela iingxaki. Ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo rhoqo, umntwana wakho unokubona ihlabathi ngokucacileyo aze onwabele ubomi ngokupheleleyo!

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoku uyaqonda kakuhle into ebesithetha ngayo (iMegalocornea). Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Megalocornea yimeko engaqhelekanga yokuzalwa apho i-cornea yeliso inkulu kunesiqhelo.
• Oku kudla ngokubachaphazela ngakumbi abafana.
• Uninzi lwabantwana alunazo iingxaki ezinkulu zokubona ngenxa yoku, kwaye azibi mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.
• Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zempilo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumanisa isifo kwangethuba kwaye uhlolwe amehlo rhoqo ngokweengcebiso zonyango.
• Unyango lufuneka kuphela xa kukho iimpawu okanye ezinye iingxaki.
• Ungakhathazeki, phantsi kweliso elifanelekileyo lezonyango, umntwana angaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo enombono olungileyo.

Ukuba usenemibuzo malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho wosapho okanye ingcali yamehlo.

I- Megalocornea, Ukwandiswa kwe-Corneal, Izifo zamehlo zabantwana, Izifo zamehlo ezizalwa nazo, Ulwelwesi lwangaphambili lweliso, Uvavanyo lwamehlo, i-CHRDL1 gene