Ngaba iiseli zakho zeplasma nazo ziphelile? Ngaba le leukemia yeseli yeplasma iyingozi?

Ngaba wakha weva ngesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Plasma Cell Leukemia'? Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci. Kodwa eneneni ngumhlaza onzima nongaqhelekanga ochaphazela uhlobo lweseli emzimbeni wethu olubizwa ngokuba zii-plasma cells. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuchaza yonke into ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni iPlasma Cell Leukemia?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni iPlasma Cell Leukemia. Ngamafutshane, luhlobo olunamandla ngakumbi nolusasazeka ngokukhawuleza lolunye uhlobo lomhlaza olubizwa ngokuba yiMultiple Myeloma.

Sonke sinohlobo oluthile lweeseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeplasma emizimbeni yethu. Ezi ziiseli ezivelisa ii-antibodies, ezizezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezinceda imizimba yethu ukulwa nezifo, ezifana nosulelo. Ezi seli zeplasma zifana nabalindi bokhuseleko bomzimba wethu.

Kodwa, ngamanye amaxesha ezi seli zeplasma, ngelishwa, ziqala ukuziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga, njengeeseli zomhlaza . Kulapho ke iingxaki ziqala khona. Ngokwesiqhelo, kwimeko ye-'Multiple Myeloma', ezi seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga nezimbi zihlala kakhulu kumongo wethu wethambo . Umongo wethambo yinxalenye ethambileyo, ethambileyo ngaphakathi kwamathambo ethu.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiPlasma Cell Leukemia, kwenzeka into eyahlukileyo kancinci. Apha, ezo seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga, ezinomhlaza ziphuma kumongo wethambo, zingena egazini lethu, oko kukuthi, egazini, kwaye ziqala ukuhamba emzimbeni wonke. Khawucinge nje, okwenzekayo apha kufana nezigebenga ezimbalwa eziyingozi ezibaleka entolongweni zize zibangele ingxaki kulo lonke isixeko.

Lo ngumahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-'Multiple Myeloma' kunye ne-'Plasma Cell Leukemia'. Yingakho iPlasma Cell Leukemia (PCL) ithathwa njengesifo esinobundlongondlongo nesisasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ngubani onokuthi afumane esi sifo?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba ngubani onokuba nesi sifo esibizwa ngokuba yiPlasma Cell Leukemia. Njengoko kubonwa ngokubanzi, esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda aphakathi kweminyaka engama-55 nengama-65 ubudala. Kwakhona, ezinye izifundo zifumanise ukuba kukho ukwanda kwesi sifo kubantu abamnyama .

Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ngokubanzi, le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu . Enyanisweni, i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL) lolona hlobo lunqabileyo lweqela lomhlaza elibizwa ngokuba yi-multiple myeloma. Kuthiwa ibangela ipesenti encinci kakhulu, malunga ne -2% ukuya kwi-3% yazo zonke ii-plasma cell cancers. Ngoko ke asisosifo esifunyanwa ngabantu abaninzi.

Kukho unyango loku. Olu nyango lunokunceda ukulawula ukukhula komhlaza, ukunciphisa iimpawu nokwenza ubomi bube lula, kwaye lwandise nexesha onokuphila ngalo ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, kunzima ukunyanga ngokupheleleyo esi sifo. Kodwa akulunganga ukulahla ithemba. Ngenxa yonyango olutsha, oogqirha ngoku bakwazile ukwandisa ubomi bezigulane ezinePlasma Cell Leukemia. Nangona kunjalo, kukho okuninzi okunokufunyanwa kweli candelo ngophando olongezelelekileyo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ze-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Masifunde ngazo zombini.

• I-PCL ePhambili: Oku kwenzeka xa umntu efumana i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL) ngaphandle kokuba ebenayo i-multiple myeloma ngaphambili. Oku kuthetha ukuba iiseli ze-plasma ezingaqhelekanga ziyajikeleza egazini ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Oku kubonwa kwinkoliso yezigulana ze-PCL ( malunga nama- 60%) . Malunga nomntu omnye kwisigidi kuluntu ngokubanzi uchatshazelwa yile meko iphambili ye-PCL.

• I-Secondary PCL: Oku kwenzeka xa umntu sele ene-multiple myeloma, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, esi sifo siba sibi kakhulu size siguquke sibe yi-plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Oku kuthetha ukuba i-PCL ikhula njengohlobo olubi lwe-myeloma. Uphando lubonisa ukuba phakathi kwe-0.5% kunye ne-4% yezigulane ezininzi ze-myeloma zikhula i-secondary PCL. Malunga ne-40% yezigulane ze-PCL ziwela kolu luhlu.

Zithini iimpawu ze-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

Iimpawu ze-plasma cell leukemia (PCL) zinokwahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo esiza kuzijonga:

• Ukudinwa: Ukudinwa ngalo lonke ixesha, uzive ngathi awukwazi kwenza nto.
• I-anemia: Ngamafutshane, oku kukungabikho kwegazi. Umzimba uba mdaka, uyadinwa, kwaye uzive udiniwe nokuba unyuka izinyuko. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukwakheka kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi eziphilileyo kuthintelwa zezo seli zeplasma ezimbi.
• Ukopha okongeziweyo: Kwanesilonda esincinci singathatha ixesha elide ukuyeka ukopha, mhlawumbi sibangele ukopha kweentsini okanye ukukrweleka eluswini.
• Intlungu yamathambo: Intlungu yamathambo inokwenzeka, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nomqolo, iimbambo, kunye nezinqe.
• Ukuphuka kwamathambo: Ngamanye amaxesha, amathambo aba buthathaka kangangokuba ithambo linokwaphuka nokuba liwile nje, ngaphandle kokwenzakala okukhulu.
• Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-calcium egazini (i-Hypercalcemia):Le yimeko embi kakhulu. Xa amanqanaba e-calcium egazini enyuka, iimpawu ezinje ngesicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, umlomo owomileyo, ukudideka, kunye nokunxanwa kakhulu zinokubakho.
• Usulelo oluqhelekileyo: Njengoko amajoni omzimba ehla, izifo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane ziyenzeka rhoqo, kwaye xa zisenzeka, zithatha ixesha elide ukuba ziphile.
• Ukonakala kwezintso: Iiproteni eziveliswa zezo seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga zingonakalisa izintso.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungoyiki, kuba zinokuba ziimpawu zezinye iimeko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, kusoloko kuyinto elungileyo ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Yintoni ebangela i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakafumani unobangela ochanekileyo we-plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Kodwa okwaziwayo kukuba ibangelwa lutshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo olufunyenweyo kwiijini zeeseli zeplasma njengoko zikhula. Ngamafutshane, kukho iimpazamo kwi-DNA yeeseli zeplasma.

Nangona kunjalo, isizathu sokuba olu tshintsho lwemfuza lwenzeke sisaseyimfihlakalo . Kunzima ukutsho ngqo ukuba zeziphi izinto ezisingqongileyo, iimpembelelo zendlela yokuphila, okanye ezinye izizathu ezibangela oko. Ekubeni esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga, ukuphanda ngaso kunzima kancinci.

Ifunyanwa njani i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

Ukuze wazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umntu une-plasma cell leukemia (PCL), ugqirha kuya kufuneka enze uvavanyo oluninzi.

1. Uvavanyo lwegazi: Eli lelona nyathelo lilula. Kuthathwa isampulu yegazi lakho kwaye inani leeseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga ezikuyo liyalinganiswa. Kwi-PCL, ngaphezulu kwe-5% yeeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi zenziwe ngezi seli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga.

2. I-Bone Marrow Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yomongo wakho wethambo uze uyijonge ukuba akukho ziseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwithambo lesinqe. Nangona kunokuba buhlungu kancinci, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongweni.

3. Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne -CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) okanye i-MRI (i-Magnetic Resonance Imaging) nalo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba isifo sonakalise amathambo na.

Kuphela emva kokwenza zonke ezi mvavanyo apho ugqirha angakuxelela ngqo ukuba une-PCL okanye akunjalo, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ukuba imeko injani.

Inyangwa njani i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

I-Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) inyangwa ngumntu ngamnye. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu onikwa unyango olufanayo. Iqela lezonyango liza kufunda imeko yakho ngononophelo kwaye licebise indlela yonyango okanye indibaniselwano yonyango efanelekileyo kuwe.

Unyango olufanayo lusetyenziswa kwi-PCL njengonyango lwe-multiple myeloma. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Oku kubandakanya ukunika amayeza anamandla okubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-`Doxorubicin (Adriamycin®), i-`Cisplatin` kunye ne-`Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan®).`
• Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Oku kubandakanya ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze alwe neeseli zomhlaza. Oku kuquka unyango olutsha olufana nee-antibodies ze-monoclonal (umz., iDaratumumab (Darzalex®)), ii-antibodies ze-bispecific (umz., iTeclistamab (Tecvayli®)), kunye nonyango lwe-chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell.
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo: La mayeza asebenza ngokujolisa kwiimolekyuli ezithile ezinceda iiseli zomhlaza zikhule kwaye ziphile, ziwathintele ekusebenzeni. Ezi ziquka ii-proteasome inhibitors (umz., iBortezomib (Velcade®), iCarfilzomib (Kyprolis®), iIxazomib (Ninlaro®)) kunye nee-immunomodulators (umz., iLenalidomide (Revlimid®), iPomalidomide (Pomalyst®).
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-Autologous Stem: Oku kuquka ukufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem eziphilileyo ezithathwe kwisigulana ngokwaso emva kwe-chemotherapy. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofanelekileyo kolu nyango. Ugqirha ugqiba kwelokuba.

Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zonyango, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa neenkonzo zokhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho, ukunciphisa iintlungu, kunye nokukunika intuthuzelo yengqondo neyomzimba ngeli xesha lohambo olunzima.

Kubalulekile: Ukufunda ngezi ndlela zonyango kunye namayeza kunokukwenza uzive udidekile kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, konke oku kugqitywa liqela lakho lezonyango. Baza kukuchazela yonke into. Ungoyiki ukubabuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.

Ingakanani iminyaka yokuphila yabantu abane-plasma cell leukemia (PCL)?

Le yingongoma enzima kakhulu ukuthetha ngayo. I-Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) sisifo esihlasela kakhulu nesisasazeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye sidla ngokubulala . Ngaphantsi kwe-10% yabantu abanomhlaza baphila iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba bane-HIV. Ngokubanzi, abantu abane-primary PCL baphila ixesha elide kancinci kunabo bane-secondary PCL.

Ulindelo lobomi luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ubukhali besifo, uhlobo lonyango olufumanayo, kunye nendlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kolo nyango.

Abo bafanelekela ukufakelwa iiseli ze-stem kuthiwa baphila umyinge weminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuphila ixesha elide nangakumbi. Olunye uphando lubike ukuba isigulana se-PCL besisele siphilile iminyaka elithoba ngaphambi kokuba esi sifo siphinde sibuye.

Namhlanje, ubomi bezi zigulane buye bandiswa ngenani elincinci xa kuthelekiswa neminyaka embalwa eyadlulayo. Nangona kuphucuka okuncinci, kuseyinto enkulu. Abaphandi basasebenza ngale nto ngomdla omkhulu.

Ngaba i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL) ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, akukho ndlela yokuthintela i-plasma cell leukemia (PCL). Ngenxa yokuba asinakulawula utshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo oluyibangelayo, ikwanqabile kakhulu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufunda nokufumana iindlela zokuyithintela. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bayaqhubeka befumana iindlela zokuyifumanisa kwangethuba le sifo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Xa ufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo esifana ne-plasma cell leukemia (PCL), kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva ungaqinisekanga ngekamva, kwaye ube neemvakalelo ezahlukeneyo, kuquka uloyiko, umsindo, usizi, ukukhungatheka, kunye netyala. Akukho nto imbi ngokuziva ezi mvakalelo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngeemvakalelo zakho nomntu. Thetha nomntu omthembayo, ilungu losapho, umhlobo, okanye ugqirha wakho malunga neenkonzo zenkxaso. Banokukunceda ugcine umgangatho wobomi bakho emva kokuba uxilongiwe kwaye ngexesha lonyango.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Uza kuhlala unxibelelana neqela lakho lezonyango ngalo lonke ixesha lonyango lwakho. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho zibonakala zisiba mandundu, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ukuba une-plasma cell leukemia (PCL), usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha wakho:

• Umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani? (Ungakanani umhlaza?)
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinokukhetha kuzo?
• Ngaba ndifanelekile ukufakelwa i-stem cell?
• Ndingaphila ixesha elingakanani ndisebenzisa unyango?
• Zeziphi izixhobo ezikhoyo kum?

Nawuphi na umhlaza sisiganeko esitshintsha ubomi. Kodwa xa unesifo esingaqhelekanga nesinzima njenge-plasma cell leukemia (PCL), unokuba wedwa kakhulu kwaye woyike. Ungaziva ngathi akukho mntu uyiqondayo into ojongene nayo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, joyina iqela lenkxaso.Emva koko ungadibana uze uthethe nabanye abadlula kumava afanayo nawe. Themba abantu obathandayo, iqela lakho lezonyango. Bonke balapho ukukunceda, ukukuxhasa ekugcineni umgangatho wobomi bakho emva kokuxilongwa nangexesha lonyango. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uhambe wedwa kolu hambo.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Plasma Cell Leukemia (PCL) luhlobo olubi nolungaqhelekanga lwe-multiple myeloma. Kolu hlobo lomhlaza, iiseli ze-plasma ezingaqhelekanga zijikeleza egazini. Iimpawu zingahluka, kuquka ukudinwa, i-anemia, kunye nentlungu yamathambo. Nangona utshintsho lwemfuza lucingelwa ukuba luyimbangela, imbangela echanekileyo ayaziwa.

Uxilongo lwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi, i-bone marrow biopsy, kunye novavanyo lwe-imaging. Iindlela zonyango ziquka i-chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, unyango olujoliswe kuyo, kunye nokufakelwa kweeseli ze-stem.

Nangona esi sisifo esibi kakhulu, ixesha lokuphila liye landa kancinci ngonyango olutsha. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango kwangethuba ukuba uneempawu, ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo, kwaye uhlale uqinile engqondweni. Iqela lakho lezonyango kunye nabantu obathandayo baya kuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe kolu hambo.

I- Plasma Cell Leukemia, Umhlaza, iMultiple Myeloma, Umhlaza Wegazi, Umongo Wethambo, Iimpawu Zomhlaza, Unyango Lomhlaza