Kuthekani ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho utyhefwa? (Utyhefwa) Masiqaphele oku!

Hayi bo, abantwana abancinci babeka yonke into abanokuyibamba emlonyeni wabo! Ngamanye amaxesha banokuthi ngempazamo batye amayeza okanye isisombululo sokucoca abanaso ekhaya. Okanye singatya ukutya okuphelelwe lixesha singazi size siphathwe yintlungu yesisu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yityhefu . Oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba sikuqaphele oku.

Yintoni kanye kanye ityhefu?

Ngamafutshane, ityhefu iyenzeka xa into enobungozi okanye enobuthi ingena emizimbeni yethu ize isigulise. Ezi zinto zinobuthi zinokuba ziintlobo ngeentlobo. Umzekelo, ezinye iintsimbi ezinzima , ezinye iigesi , kwanezinye izityalo ezikwigadi yethu zinokuba netyhefu.

Uninzi lwexesha, ezi tyhefu zenzeka ngequbuliso, ngokungalindelekanga . Khawucinge ngomntwana omncinci osela amayeza amaninzi emva kokubona iipilisi ezinemibala, okanye efumana isisombululo sokucoca emehlweni akhe. Ezi zizinto esizibiza ngokuba yi-accident poisoning .

Kwakhona, ngamanye amaxesha umntu angasebenzisa ityhefu ngenjongo yokuzilimaza .

Kubalulekile: Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzenzakalisa, nceda ufune uncedo ngoko nangoko kumntu othembekileyo, ugqirha, okanye iinkonzo zenkxaso yempilo yengqondo eSri Lanka (umz. Sumitrayo - 0112692909, 1333 National Mental Health Support Service). Ezi nkonzo ziyimfihlo kwaye zikulungele ukukumamela.

Zeziphi iimpawu ezinokubakho xa kukho ityhefu?

Iimpawu zetyhefu zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Kuxhomekeke kwindlela ityhefu engene ngayo emzimbeni. Cinga ngale ndlela:

• Ukuba ikhemikhali enobuthi ingena emehlweni: iintlungu zamehlo, ukubomvu, kunye nokudumba kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuba into enetyhefu ingena esiswini (ngokuginya): Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu okufana norhudo, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuba kukho into enobuthi edibana nolusu: ulusu lunokudumba, ukudumba, kunye nentlungu.

Ezi mpawu zixhomekeke kwezinye izinto ezininzi:

• Uhlobo kunye nobungakanani betyhefu: Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetyhefu kunye nokuba ingakanani into etyiweyo.
• Ubudala bakho kunye nempilo yakho ngokubanzi: Ubungakanani obufanayo betyhefu bunokuchaphazela umntwana omncinci ngendlela eyahlukileyo kunomntu omdala. Kwakhona, ityhefu inokuba yingozi ngakumbi ukuba umntu unezinye izifo.
• Ubude bexesha lokuvezwa kwityhefu: Ezinye iityhefu zibangelwa kukuchaphazeleka ngokukhawuleza , oko kuthetha ukuba ziyakuchaphazela kwimizuzwana okanye imizuzu. Ezinye zibangelwa kukuchaphazeleka ixesha elide , oko kuthetha ukuba ziyakuchaphazela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Iimpawu zeTyhefu ebukhali

Ukutyhefa ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukuba iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zivele ngequbuliso. Ezi zinokuba zeziqhelekileyo okanye ezithile.Ingachaphazela kuphela iindawo ezithile. Ngamanye amaxesha ityhefu ingena emzimbeni kwaye iimpawu zivele ngoko nangoko, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuvela kwiiyure okanye kwiintsuku kamva .

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zokutyhefwa, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 (Suvaseriya) . Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Utshintsho kubushushu bomzimba (umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda)
• Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo (ukwanda okanye ukwehla kwesantya sentliziyo)
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukudideka okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo
• Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbi kunye negazi)
• Urhudo, isicaphucaphu kunye/okanye ukuhlanza
• Ukudinwa, ubuthathaka, okanye ukutyhafa
• Intlungu yamehlo, ukubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukukrazuka
• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukudumba okukhulu kwamehlo, impumlo, umphimbo, kunye nendlela yokuphefumla
• Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba, ukuba bomvu, intlungu, ukutsha okanye ukurhawuzelela
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu kunye nokuqhwalela
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ocacileyo okanye ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo kombono

Iimpawu zeTyhefu engapheliyo

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oko kukuthi, ngokuhamba kwexesha, imiphumo yokuchanabeka kwityhefu isenokungabonakali kangangeminyaka . Umzekelo:

• Ukuphefumla iigesi ezinobuthi ixesha elide kunokubangela umonakalo emaphaphu , nto leyo enokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nesandi sokuphefumla.
• Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwigesi yeradon kunokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga.

Zeziphi iziphumo ezinokubangelwa kukutya ityhefu?

Iziphumo zetyhefu zingaqala kwezincinci ukuya kwezimbi kakhulu, kwaye zide zibulale . Kwiimeko ezinzima:

• Usenokulaliswa esibhedlele.
• Kunokufuneka unyango lwexesha elide.
• Ukukhubazeka okungapheliyo okanye ukwenzakala kunokwenzeka.

Indlela ubuthi obukuchaphazela ngayo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Ityhefu: Ezinye iityhefu zibangela iimpawu ezingephi kwaye zinokunyangwa ngamayeza asekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iityhefu zinokubangela ukugula okunzulu kakhulu.
• Indlela ityhefu engene ngayo emzimbeni: Iityhefu zingangena emzimbeni ngesikhumba, umlomo, impumlo, okanye amehlo. Ukuginya into, efana nesicoci sendlu esiqhelekileyo, kuyingozi ngaphezu kokuyisebenzisa eluswini.
• Ubungakanani bokutya: Ngokubanzi, xa ityhefu ininzi, kokukhona umonakalo uyanda.
• Ubude bexesha lokuvezwa: Ityhefu inokuba ngoko nangoko (imizuzwana, imizuzu) okanye ixesha elide. Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kudla ngokuvela kwiindawo zokusebenza (emigodini, kwiifektri, kwezolimo).
• Indlela ofumana ngayo unyango ngokukhawuleza: Ukufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza kunokunciphisa okanye kumise imiphumo yokutyhefa.
• Ubudala nempilo: Iityhefu zichaphazela abantwana abancinci ngendlela eyahlukileyo kuneyabantu abadala. Ngenxa yokuba imizimba yabantwana incinci, nokuba yidosi engayi kumlimaza umntu omdala inokuba yingozi emntwaneni. Kwakhona, abantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezingabonakaliyo banokugula ngakumbi okanye babe nexesha elinzima lokuchacha emva kokutyhefwa.

Zithini izizathu zokutyhefwa?

Ityhefu yenzeka xa ujongene nento enobuthi ngokwaneleyo ukuba ikwenze ugule okanye ikwenzakalise. Ityhefu, ngokwenkcazo, yiyo nayiphi na into enokukwenza ugule okanye ikwenzakalise. Ezi zinokuba lulwelo, izinto eziqinileyo, okanye iigesi. Ityhefu ingenzeka ngeendlela ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba uphefumla ityhefu emoyeni.
• Ukuba utya okanye usela into enetyhefu.
• Ukuba ityhefu ingena esweni lakho.
• Ukuba ityhefu ifunxwa eluswini lwakho.
• Ukuba isilwanyana okanye isinambuzane sikuluma okanye sikuhlabe size sikufake ityhefu.

Ezinye izinto ziyingozi nokuba zincinci kakhulu , ngelixa ezinye ziyingozi kuphela xa zityiwe ngobuninzi .

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zetyhefu

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeetyhefu. Ezinye zazo sizazi ngamagama, njenge -carbon monoxide kunye ne-lead . Ezinye azibonakali kangako, kwaye zinokufumaneka ekutyeni, kwiziselo, nakwiimveliso esizisebenzisa yonke imihla. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Izityalo Ezinobuthi: Ezinye izityalo zinobuthi obunokuba yingozi ukuba zityiwe okanye zifakwe eluswini. Umzekelo, isityalo esiqhelekileyo se -Oleander kwilizwe lethu sinobuthi kakhulu. Kwakhona, ezinye iintlobo zeetapile kunye namandongomane zinokuba netyhefu xa zityiwa ngaphandle kokwazi.
• Ityhefu: Ityhefu evela kwizilwanyana. Ingangena emzimbeni ngenxeba. Imizekelo: ukulunywa yinyoka (i-cobra, i-viper), ukutyiwa yi-scorpion, ukutyiwa yinyosi, ukutyiwa yi-wasp, ukulunywa yizigcawu. Oku kunokusukela kwiimpawu ezincinci ukuya kwiimpendulo ezisongela ubomi.
• IiMetal Ezinzima: Iimetal ezinzima zinokuba yityhefu xa ziqokelelana emzimbeni. Imizekelo: Ityhefu yeMercury , Ityhefu yeArsenic , Ityhefu yeLead . Ezi zinokufumaneka kwimibhobho yamanzi emidala, kwezinye iidayi, nakwamanye amayeza emveli angakhange acocwe ngokufanelekileyo (lumka ngale nto!).
• I-Carbon Monoxide (CO): Ukuphefumla le gesi kunokubangela ubuthi be-carbon monoxide . I-CO iyingozi kuba ayibonakali kwaye ayinavumba . Ungayifumanisa kuphela ukuba une-CO detector ekhaya. I-CO inokubangela ukufa kwimizuzu embalwa. (Umzekelo: Umsi wejenereyitha, umsi wemoto).
• Ukutya Okungcolisiweyo: Ukutya kungcoliswe ziityhefu ezivela kwizinto ezifana neebhaktheriya , iifungi kunye nomngundo.Ityhefu yokutya inokwenzeka. Oku kwenzeka xa utya ukutya okungatshanga, okungahlanjwanga kakuhle, okungaphekwanga kakuhle, okanye okungagcinwanga kubushushu obufanelekileyo. Iintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo yi- (E. coli) , (Salmonella) , kunye ne- (Listeria) . I-Ciguatoxin, ityhefu efumaneka kwezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi, inokukwenza ugule kakhulu.
• Amakhowa: Ukutya amakhowa anobuthi kunokubangela ukudumba kwesisu, kodwa uninzi lwexesha aya kuziphelela. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amakhowa anobuthi anokubangela umonakalo kwisibindi nakwizintso . Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu xa usitya amakhowa asendle. Kulula kakhulu ukubhidanisa amakhowa atyiwayo namakhowa anobuthi.
• Amayeza: Naliphi na iyeza (elibhalwe ngugqirha okanye elithengwe kwikhemesti) linokuba yityhefu ukuba lisetyenziswa gwenxa. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo: amayeza eentlungu ezibangela iintlungu , i-paracetamol (umz. iPanadol®), amayeza okunciphisa igazi . Xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Usenokujonga ukuba akhuselekile na kuwe kwaye ukuba asebenzisana ngendlela engalunganga.
• I-Nicotine: Ityhefu ye-nicotine inokwenzeka nakubani na, kodwa ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci xa betshaya icuba okanye beginya ulwelo oluvela kwi-e-cigarettes .
• Utywala: Ukutyhefwa kotywala kwenzeka xa usela utywala obune-ethyl (obubizwa ngokuba "butywala") ngokukhawuleza kunokuba umzimba wakho unokubucoca kwaye ubususe. Kunokwenzeka nangokusela utywala umzimba ongenakulucoca ngokukhuselekileyo (umz., i-isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol , i-methyl alcohol (methanol) - enokufumaneka kwii-alcohol ezingekho mthethweni ezifana "ne-spirits").
• Iimveliso zokucoca: Iikhemikhali ezikwii-cleaners ezininzi zasekhaya zinokuba yityhefu ukuba ziginyiwe, ziphathwe ngendlela engafanelekanga, zidityaniswe kunye , okanye zisetyenziswe ngendlela engafanelekanga. Ungaze udibanise umgubo we-bleaching nezinye izicoci, ingakumbi!
• Izibulali-zinambuzane: Iikhemikhali ezikwiintlobo ezininzi zezibulali-zinambuzane ziyingozi xa ziginyiwe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe kakhulu xa kusetyenziswa ezi zinto egadini nakwezolimo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ityhefu?

Iingcali zeziko lokulawula ityhefu okanye abanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo zempilo banokuxilonga ityhefu. Oku kungenziwa ngefowuni okanye esibhedlele. ISri Lanka ikwanayo neZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe , inombolo yabo engxamisekileyo yi-0112686143 .

Uncedo Lokuqala Lokutyhefa

Ukunika uncedo lokuqala kwimizuzwana okanye imizuzu emva kokuba umntu echaphazeleke yityhefu kunokuthintela ingozi enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, uncedo lokuqala kufuneka luzanywe kuphela xa umntu ekwenye yezi meko zilandelayo :

• Ukuba uvukile
• Ukuba uziva uhlaziyekile (Isilumkiso)
• Ukuba uphefumla ngokuqhelekileyo
• Uyakwazi ukuginya izinto

Ukuba akukho nanye kwezi zinto zingasentla eyinyani, fowunela i-1990 (i-ambulensi) ngoko nangoko okanye uyise kwisibhedlele esikufutshane!

Uncedo lokuqala luxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeke ngayo ityhefu. Ngokubanzi:

• Ukuba ityhefu idibana nolusu: Hlamba loo ndawo ngamanzi amaninzi ahambayo ngoko nangoko ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15-20. Ungasebenzisa isepha.
• Ukuba ityhefu ingena esweni: Vula iliso ngoko nangoko uze ulihlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo ahambayo ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15-20.
• Ukuba ityhefu iginyiwe: Musa ukugabha ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha! Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ucela uncedo nini

Yeka uncedo lokuqala uze utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umntu uquleka ngequbuliso okanye alahlekelwe zingqondo
• Ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula
• Ukuba unengxaki enkulu yokuphefumla

Emva kokuba uncedo lokuqala luqalisiwe , fowunela u-1990 kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba usenengxaki yokurhawuzelelwa liliso, intlungu, ukubomvu, ukudumba, okanye ukubona emva kokuhlamba imizuzu eli-15-20.
• Ukuba iimpawu zolusu eziqatha (amadyungudyungu, ukutsha, iintlungu, ukudumba, ukuba bomvu) ziyaqhubeka emva kokuhlamba imizuzu eli-15.

Ngamaxesha onke, emva kokuba uncedo lokuqala lunikwe, nokuba akukho zimpawu, fowunela iZiko loLwazi lweZityhefu leSizwe (0112686143) .

Ingcali yokulawula ityhefu iza kuthetha nawe ngefowuni. Iya kukucela ulwazi olubalulekileyo ukuze ikunike icebiso elifanelekileyo. Lungela ukunika olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala kunye nobunzima bomntu ochaphazelekayo
• Iimeko zempilo ezaziwayo kunye nee-aleji
• Uhlobo lwetyhefu okanye igama lemveliso
• Ubungakanani bokuchatshazelwa
• Indlela eyangena ngayo emzimbeni (iginywe, ifunxwe, njl.njl.)
• Kudlule ixesha elingakanani ukusukela oko yavezwa?
• Uncedo lokuqala lubonelelwe
• Iimpawu ezibonakalayo (ezifana nokuhlanza)
• Indawo akuyo loo mntu kunye nesibhedlele esikufutshane

Ingcali iza kukuxelela ngokweenkcukacha into omawuyenze kunye nokuba kufuneka uye esibhedlele na.

Unyango lweTyhefu

Iziko lokulawula ityhefu okanye ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ngolona nyango lufanelekileyo. Uninzi lwexesha, uncedo lokuqala kuphela olufunekayo ukuze uphile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ukuze ufumane unyango.

Unyango luyahluka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwetyhefu kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo. Ukongeza kuncedo lokuqala, unyango lungabandakanya:

• Amayeza okulwa nezifo:La ngamayeza anciphisa okanye aguqula iziphumo zetyhefu. Amayeza anciphisa ityhefu nganye ahlukile. Ezinye iityhefu azinawo amachiza.
• Ukumpompa Amalahle Nesisu Okusebenzayo: Ezi ndlela zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuba iityhefu zingangeni egazini. Ezi ndlela mazisetyenziswe ngugqirha kuphela. Musa ukuzama ukuzenza ngokwakho.
• Ukhathalelo Oluxhasayo: Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokhathalelo oluxhasayo (umz., ukuphefumla ngoomatshini, ulwelo lwe-IV) zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ukugcina ukusebenza komzimba de kube kususwe iityhefu emzimbeni.
• Ukuhlanza Okubangelwa Yityhefu (okungaqhelekanga): Ungaze uhlanze ngaphandle kokuba uyalelwe yiziko lolawulo lwetyhefu okanye ingcali yezonyango eqeqeshiweyo.
• Unyango lweChelation: Olu nyango lusebenzisa amayeza okususa iintsimbi ezinzima emzimbeni. Oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela yingcali yezonyango eqeqeshiweyo.

Ndimele ndilindele ntoni ukuba ndityhefwe?

Ityhefu ichaphazela wonke umntu ngokwahlukileyo. Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwetyhefu, ubudala bakho, kunye nempilo yakho. Ezinye izifo ezixhaphakileyo, ezifana netyhefu yokutya kunye ne-allergy kwigqabi le-poison ivy, azibi zimbi kwaye zinokunyangwa ngamayeza asekhaya. Kodwa iimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi zinokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele. Ngamanye amaxesha ityhefu inokubulala.

Ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokungeyomfuneko.

Ngaba ukutyhefa kungathintelwa?

Ewe, singayithintela okanye siyinciphise ingozi yokutyhefwa okuninzi. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza:

• Faka isixhobo sokubona i-carbon monoxide ekhayeni lakho (ingakumbi ukuba usebenzisa ijenereyitha). Tshintsha iibhetri rhoqo ngonyaka.
• Gcina onke amayeza kude nabantwana. Soloko ugcina amayeza kagqirha etshixiwe kude. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomlinganiselo ochanekileyo wamayeza (amayeza kagqirha nalawo athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara - i-OTC).
• Gcina iimveliso zokucoca, isepha, kunye neekhemikhali zasekhaya kwiphakheji yazo yokuqala, kude nefikelelekayo ebantwaneni. Ungaze udibanise iimveliso zokucoca okanye iikhemikhali zasekhaya!
• Musa ukuzichukumisa okanye ukuzitya izityalo ongaziqhelanga ozibona ngaphandle. Ukuba usiya kwindawo ongayaziyo, phanda ngezityalo nezilwanyana omele uziphephe kuloo ndawo.
• Landela iindlela zokhuseleko lokutya. Pheka inyama uze ulobe intlanzi kakuhle, hlamba iziqhamo nemifuno kakuhle ngamanzi abalekayo, kwaye uphephe ukutya ukutya okuphelelwe lixesha.

Sisenokungazinanzi izinto ezininzi ezisingqongileyo ezinokubangela ubuthi obunokubeka thina okanye iintsapho zethu emngciphekweni. Kodwa zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzikhusele wena kunye nabantu obathandayo. Ukususela ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amayeza akho avaliwe ngokufanelekileyo ukuya ekuqapheleni ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokutya, ungathathaKhumbula ukuba inyathelo elilula linokusindisa ubomi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu malunga nokutyhefa. Okokugqibela, nazi izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Ukhuseleko yinto yokuqala: Gcina izinto zasekhaya ezifana namayeza, iimveliso zokucoca, kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane zikhuselekile kude nabantwana abancinci.
• Musa ukutya okanye uchukumise izinto ongazaziyo: Lumka kakhulu ngamakhowa asendle kunye nezityalo ongazaziyo.
• Ukhuseleko Lokutya: Lumka xa ulungisa kwaye ugcina ukutya. Musa ukutya ukutya okudala okanye okungcolileyo.
• Lumka ngeempawu: Ukuba ubona iimpawu zetyhefu, musa ukoyika, thatha inyathelo ngokukhawuleza.
• Funa uncedo ngokukhawuleza: Ukuba ucinga ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, fowunela ku-1990 (Suvaseriya) ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane . Ukuba unamathandabuzo, fowunela iZiko loLwazi lweZityhefu leSizwe (0112686143) ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
• Musa ukukubangela ukuba uhlanze ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha!

Khumbula, ukuthatha amanyathelo akhawulezileyo xa kukho ityhefu kunokusindisa ubomi! Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Ityhefu , uncedo lokuqala, iimpawu, iintlobo zetyhefu, ukhuseleko, iimeko ezingxamisekileyo